Grave life
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Grave life
Rural Community Three Equals
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| Height : | 292 (290-295) m |
| Area : | 6.56 km² |
| Residents : | 396 (Oct. 5, 2015) |
| Population density : | 60 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | January 1, 2009 |
| Postal code : | 99869 |
| Primaries : | 036202, 03621 |
 Location of Grabsleben in Drei Gleichen
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 Church (west side)
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The previously independent municipality of Grabsleben has been part of the rural municipality of Drei Gleichen in the Thuringian district of Gotha since January 1, 2009 .
geography
Grabsleben is located north of the Apfelstädt river , between the junction of the B 7 at Gleichenhof and the neighboring towns of Großrettbach and Cobstädt , formerly part of the Grabsleben community, and since January 1, 2009 all of them belong to the Drei Gleichen community . The Gleichenhof today consists of a few commercially used buildings and used to be one of the many inns on the via regia , section Gotha - Erfurt . On a topographical field Original ( Urmesstischblatt ) of 1855 as it is inn to the 3 match called. At the Gleichenhof junction of the B 7 and via the Wandersleben exit of the A 4 , Grabsleben is well connected in terms of transport.
Grabsleben is traversed by the Seltenbach, which rises northeast of the village in the Mattern-Flur and has been carried through pipes under the built-up area since 1931, only to emerge as a rare ditch at the southeast corner of the village. After a few hundred meters it flows into the red . The Seltenbach does not always ( rarely ) carry water, but it can also lead to flooding during heavy rain. Galetti (1750–1828) mentions two floods in 1749 and 1752.
History and culture
In late autumn 2009 the Thuringian State Office for Monument Preservation and Archeology carried out excavations in the course of a new biogas pipeline to be laid between Grabsleben and the Gleichenhof to the north. In addition to some prehistoric settlement pits , two Neolithic body graves were uncovered. The dead were buried in a crouched position, lying on their left side with arms and legs drawn up. One of the graves contained a double burial. Two individuals were probably placed in the grave pit one after the other. The other grave contained a single burial, the body was oriented east-west. The head was in the east. In both graves there was a flint tool at the foot of each grave . Shell limestones were placed on the heads of the buried . Judging by the burial rite and the grave goods, these are graves of the late Neolithic culture of corded ceramics , which dates back to around 2300 BC. Got into the earth.
The beginnings of the actual village history of Grabsleben lie in the dark. The origin of the word allows only guesswork. After the ending -leben it could mean a Slavic settlement.
The place was first mentioned in 1191 in a document from Landgrave Hermann von Thuringia , in 1197 as Grauesleb . Other place names were Grabisleibin , Grabisloubin and Crabißlewben . In 1291 Landgrave Albrecht confirmed the purchase of 1¾ hooves in Grabsleben by Knight Kunemund von Stotternheim in Schwabhausen . In 1525, the village appeared as a place subject to interest for the Georgenthal monastery .
Presumably Grabsleben was originally a square village with two parallel streets (today Grosse Gasse and Kleine Gasse ).
During the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648), the town lost 228 of its 300 inhabitants in 1638. Material assets were lost: 39 of 64 houses, 39 of 45 horses, 59 of 60 cattle, 700 sheep and 60 pigs. The French soldiers fleeing from the Battle of the Nations near Leipzig raged in the village on October 24th and 25th, 1813 and plundered everything they could get, including in the church.
Until the 19th century, Grabsleben and Wächs belonged to the Gotha office . Old field names ( Klause , Klausegraben , Über der Klause and Klausebrunnen ) and large stones that were found while plowing the fields indicate the existence of a monastery or a chapel that stood northeast of the Gleichenhof. The larger stones are said to have been used in the construction of Friedenstein Castle .
Grabsleben owned a bakery, a brewery and two “shepherds' houses” until at least the middle of the 19th century. The tavern mentioned by Beck was built in the 18th century on Ichtershäuser Straße, the main thoroughfare. In 1946 it became the property of the current operating family. It still exists today ("To the good source"). A second inn was located at Grosse Gasse 30, the '"Edwin Ißler's restaurant". This restaurant was closed in 1950 and is now a residential building. The place also had the right to cultivate malt until 1600 ("Malzrechte"), after which Grabsleben had to get the malt for brewing beer in Gotha.
At the beginning of 1925 the place received electric light.
On July 1, 1950, the previously independent communities of Cobstädt and Großrettbach were incorporated.
The local rifle club has existed since 1991.
From May 21, 1991 to 2009 the place belonged to the administrative community Drei Gleichen . With its dissolution on January 1, 2009 and the amalgamation of the communities Mühlberg , Seebergen , Wandersleben with Grabsleben to form the unified community Drei Gleichen, Grabsleben became a part of this community.
Desolations Mattern, Groß- and Kleinwächs
Already at the time of the Thuringian Kingdom , which was smashed by the Merovingian kings Theuderich I and Clothar in 531 , farmers and craftsmen lived with their families at the source of the Wächs in the north-west of the village, 950 meters from today's outskirts. The first written mention of the wax was in 1108 ( Wegeserren , Weysese (1143), Weytere (1143), Weyhesezen (1151), Weizeß (1305), Wesesse (1321), Wegzeze (1340), Grozen weysezze (1373)).
Even after that the small village survived until it was finally overrun, sacked and destroyed by the turmoil of the Thirty Years' War . The residents were killed. Wächs also had a church, the Wechskirche . A lot of bones were found when removing mounds of earth south of the church. House paving stones and bricks often come to light when excavating. The village and the Weysese corridor largely belonged to the Georgenthal Monastery . A document from 1341 still mentions “6 agros in campis ville weizeze”, while the following passage can be found in a document from 1373: “das ryt, daz is called the municipality of the village of zeu grozen weysezze, that wuste is wordin and the occasional meal is in the court and on the harrows of gotshus. Jorgintal. ”In 1758 the church still had clear features. Today only the hall and street name Zum Wächs reminds of it.
The same fate befell the residents of the village of Mattern at the Mattern source, about 2 km further east. On a general map from the 1860s, the location of the village was still clearly visible as a desert . The land was community property as herb land (not herb land !), And bones have probably been found here.
Club life
- Rifle club from 1991
church
Closely connected with the fate of the village is the history of the Church of St. Magdalena .
A country description from 1694 reports a noticeably extensive musical life:
“[...] the music in churches and schools / in towns and villages is particularly hard driven: The Thuringians know what the ancients said / (illum non esse harmonice compositum, qvi Musicam non amat) who would have no proportion neither in mind nor on the body / who were not a lover of the art of singing. Hence / that the Prince. and Gräfl. Don't think of Capellen / is especially in the churches of Gotha / and the surrounding village communities / such vocal and instrumental music / that some of the villages mentioned are disfalessly better / than the cities in other provinces. In these places / because the peasants also understand the instruments / not only all sorts of side plays of violins and violons / viol di gambas / clavizimbeln / spinets / citrins / auff Dörffern / especially made to grave life / but one also often finds organ in small parishes Works with so many excerpts and variations / that one has to wonder about them. In particular, the Lindemanni / Altenburgii / Ahlen / Brigel / Bachen and others / with their composing / have made this province not a minor name because of the music. "
In the churchyard in front of the church, a war memorial commemorates those who fell from the town during the First and Second World Wars.
With the resignation of the responsible pastor Michael Göring from Ingersleben and after the dissolution of the parish office Ingersleben, the district synod of the church district Gotha decided to assign the parish Grabsleben to the parish office Seebergen .
Geology of the sources
Grabsleben, Großrettbach and Cobstädt are located in an area that is characterized by sediments from the Lower Keuper . These sediments form the core of a bulge ( anticline ), which is also called Neudietendorf-Grabslebener saddle here (see also: Erfurt formation ). The Keupersediments provide on the one hand for valuable, fertile arable soil, on the other hand for the uniform landscape. The formation of stratified springs is caused by the frequent alternation of groundwater-conducting ( sandstones , limestones and dolomites ) and damming rocks ( clay and silt rocks ).
Many sources can be found on the Grabsleber Sattel, but only a few of them were historically significant and still have well-known names today. Three of these are the Wächs- and Mattern-Quelle near Grabsleben and the Gramborn- Brunnen in the neighboring village of Großrettbach .
The source of growth, from a hydrogeological point of view an outflow source, lies on such a claystone layer. It is contained and brings about 160 liters / minute to daylight. The source is at a height of 283 m. The version of the source pot has been exposed again since 2012. After just a few meters, the water joins with the considerably stronger flowing water of the Heulachsgraben (formerly Klausegraben ), which comes from the Gleichenhof . The water of the Heulachsgraben pours a few hundred meters further south into the Rot-Bach . In historical times the Wächsquelle swelled so strongly that it was able to supply the residents of Grabsleben and Wächs with sufficient water even in dry summers.
About 2 km east of the Wächs spring is the Mattern spring. Here lay the desert of Mattern . The name suggests that this spring was dedicated to St. Maternus . The source is at a height of 301 m, near the highest point of the Grabsleber saddle. The spring pot was redesigned in 1912 to supply drinking and extinguishing water to Grabsleben. The direction of groundwater flow is from northeast to southwest. The pouring of the spring at this height is relatively low with 30 to 60 liters / minute and fluctuates strongly, depending on the amount of precipitation.
The water served to supply Grabsleben with drinking water until the 1980s. It flowed in the free overflow into the village water supply system and fed the school, the kindergarten, the village pond and ten households. Today the water is channeled about 1 km from the source in an underground canal system. It serves two village fountains, one of which supplies the grabsleber village pond right next to the old restaurant, where the local children have fun in summer. The other well is by the cemetery and year in and year out it donates water for the watering needs of the cemetery visitors. Excess water from the pond and the cemetery well is collected again and leaves the village grounds on the back alley in Seltengraben (also known as Sellengraben ). This joins after about 1.5 km with the Rot-Bach, which has already absorbed the water from the Heulachsgraben 500 m earlier.
The Matern spring supplied Grabsleben with drinking water until the 1980s. The water fed the drinking water system of the school, the kindergarten and that of ten households. In 1988 a “modern” drinking water supply for the place was completed.
Population development
(including the former districts of Cobstädt and Großrettbach)
Development of the population (December 31st each) :
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- Data source: Thuringian State Office for Statistics
coat of arms
The coat of arms was created by the Erfurt artist Frank Jung and approved on July 27, 1998.
Blazon : "In a blue shield with a golden border, three golden ears of wheat tied into a sheaf."
The three golden ears of corn symbolize agriculture, which has long been a formative branch of the community. In addition, the ears of corn represent the three former districts in the sense of a number symbolism. The decorated board in connection with the blue shield ground associates all three districts as well villages and stands for the abundance of water in the community. The tinging blue and gold refers to the formerly important cultivation of the blue dye plant woad, where blue stands for the dye obtained from the yellow flowering plant.
Established businesses
The place is home to several small to medium-sized companies, such as a branch of a Frankfurt construction machinery company, a bus company for regional bus transport and travel events, a company that operates a biogas plant , a large agricultural company, a plastics factory as a branch of a company from Baden-Württemberg , a hairdressing salon, a haulage company, a plumber's business , an equestrian center and a restaurant.
Individual evidence
- ↑ StBA: Area changes on 01/01/2009
- ↑ State Office for Monument Preservation and Archeology Thuringia, (provisional information, as the excavations have not yet been finally completed.)
- ^ Johann Georg August Galetti: History and Description of the Duchy of Gotha 3 (1780), p. 40
- ↑ a b Dr. August Beck: History of the Gotha Country , Volume III., Part I., Gotha 1875
- ↑ a b c d e Luise Gerbing : Field names of the Duchy of Gotha and the forest names of the Thuringian Forest , 1910, pp. 95–97, in the Gotha State Archives
- ↑ a b Lorenz Greibe: The desert areas in the Gotha district . In: Gothaer museum booklet. Treatises and reports on regional history . 1980, ISSN 0138-1261 , pp. 51 .
- ↑ Patrick Krug: 35 years in Ingersleben. Earned partial retirement: Pastor Michael Göring is leaving his office. Thuringian regional newspaper, 1./2. May 2013
- ^ Official journal of the community of Drei Gleichen from January 17, 2014
- ↑ Hartmut Ulle: New Thuringian Wappenbuch , Volume 3, Ed. Arbeitsgemeinschaft Genealogie Thüringen eV, 1998, ISBN 3-9804487-3-8
literature
- Gravisleibin - history and stories of the village of Grabsleben from 825 years , commemorative publication for the 825th anniversary in June 2016, ed. Parish three equals
