-Life

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-leben is a component of place names occurring in Germany , which occurs particularly frequently in eastern Lower Saxony , Saxony-Anhalt and Thuringia . The High German part of the local name -leben usually had the form -leve in Middle Low German , while in East Westphalian there were the variants -lewwe / -lebbe and -la / -lee . Place name endings with the same meaning are also found in Scandinavia . In Danish the part of the name is -lev and in Swedish -löv .

meaning

The basic meaning of -lev or -löv is "something left, left behind" (see English to leave ), from which the meaning "inheritance" developed. In both cases, the first part of the place name can designate a person, namely the one who left something or inherited something.

Germanization of originally Slavic place names

In the Sorbian- speaking area, a Slavic ending -slav 'was often secondary to the existing Middle Low German ending -leve or to the Middle High German ending -leibe (n) . The place names Blattersleben , Jersleben (Wolmirstedt district) and Pripsleben (Demmin district, Western Pomerania) derive from the reconstructed place names * Bratroslav ' , * Jaroslav' and * Pribyslav ' .

distribution

The oldest place names with the ending -lev or -löv could come from the time of the Great Migration .

Continental European

Life is widespread in the Thuringian Basin (e.g. Ebeleben , Elxleben , Merxleben , Walschleben , Grabsleben ). In total, there are around 70 communities in Saxony-Anhalt and around 50 in Thuringia that end with life . There are a large number of -leben- places in Ostfalen (especially between Helmstedt and Magdeburg ), like Eilsleben , Dreileben , Aschersleben , Ausleben , Ohrsleben , Wefensleben , Ingersleben , Alleringersleben , Ostingersleben , Morsleben , Bartensleben , Irxleben , Erxleben , Grasleben , Uhrsleben , Nordgermersleben , Eichenbarleben , Groß Rodensleben , Rottmersleben , Hötensleben , Hohendodeleben , Eimersleben , Haldensleben , Hillersleben , Jersleben , Barleben , Fallersleben , Wanzleben , Ottersleben , Wetzleben , Domersleben , Dedeleben , Ingeleben .

Occurrence in Scandinavia

In the Scandinavian area one can always assume a Germanic origin. In Denmark and Sweden , place-name endings are used which etymologically correspond to the German ending -leben :

This ending has its main focus on Sjælland (Zealand) , but it also occurs on the other Danish islands, in Jutland including southern Schleswig and in Skåne , but not on Bornholm and Blekinge . In the north, this ending is common on the Swedish west coast to the Göta River and to Lake Vänern . The northernmost secured occurrence is the parish name Häggesled (in the municipality of Lidköping ). This place name was mentioned in 1363 as Heggislefh .

A historical link between the two areas of occurrence is considered unlikely. Probably there are only parallel formations on the basis of a common etymon .

Single receipts

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Harry Ståhl: Ortnamn och ortnamnsforskning . Andra upplagan, Uppsala 1976, ISBN 91-20-04466-6 , p. 63 ff.
  2. ↑ a b Birgit Schönwälder: The "-leben" names . Heidelberg 1993, ISBN 3-8253-0043-9 .
  3. ↑ What does -leben mean in place names? mdr Thuringia, accessed on January 28, 2020.
  4. ^ A b Walter Kaestner, Low German-Slavic Interferences . In: Handbook for Low German Linguistics and Literature Studies , ed. by Gerhard Cordes and Dieter Möhn. Berlin 1983, ISBN 3-503-01645-7 , pp. 678-729, here p. 709 (section 3.1.2.3).

literature

  • Max Bathe: The place names on - "live" . Unpublished manuscript, Berlin (no year), approx. 600 pages (the most comprehensive study on the - leben - names).
  • Max Bathe: The place names on - "live" linguistically . In: Research and Progress 27. 1953, pp. 51-55.
  • Jürgen Udolph : Name studies on the German problem. I. Basic words Germanic settlement names. 7. live / lev. Berlin / New York 1994, pp. 497-513, for a fee from GAO , De Gruyter Online.
  • Gundhild Winkler: The place names on - "live" - ​​an attempt at typology and analysis . In: onenological information 95/96. 2009, pp. 209-232. on-line
  • Gundhild Winkler: Single-stem, heavily inflected short names as identifiers in place names - "live" . In: onenological information 98. 2010, pp. 107–120. on-line