Ingersleben (Nesse-Apfelstädt)
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Ingersleben
Rural community of Nesse-Apfelstädt
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| Height : | 232 m above sea level NN |
| Area : | 9.63 km² |
| Residents : | 1013 (December 1, 2009) |
| Population density : | 105 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | December 1, 2009 |
| Postal code : | 99192 |
| Area code : | 036202 |
  Location of Ingersleben in Nesse-Apfelstädt
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Ingersleben is part of the rural community of Nesse-Apfelstädt in the Thuringian district of Gotha . The place is on the river Apfelstädt .
geography
Ingersleben is the last place on the Apfelstädt before it flows into the Gera in the Marienthal not far from the Erfurt district of Molsdorf . Neighboring towns are Neudietendorf in the west, areas of Erfurt in the north, east and southeast. It is about 10 km as the crow flies to the city center of Erfurt (Domplatz) . The Mühlgraben flows through the mill, which branches off from the Apfelstädt just above the Obermühle.
history
From the first settlement to 1945
Archaeological finds show that there was a settlement from the Neolithic Age near Ingersleben, north of the Apfelstädt estuary . The center of Ingersleben is in the area of a settlement from the time of the Thuringian Empire . The ending -leben in the place name also indicates a settlement around 300 AD.
Ingersleben was first mentioned in 1111 in the Reinhardsbrunn monastery letter. For centuries, the Lords of Ingersleben, first mentioned in 1351, determined the history of the place and the moated castle in the center. It is unclear whether there is a connection with the Magdeburg von Ingersleben from Ostingersleben .
Since 1380 the lords of Gleichen also had goods in the village. In the Saxon Civil War in 1450, the village and castle were badly affected. In 1506 the name of the place itself was first found in a manuscript. Previous names were u. a. Ingrisliebe , Ingrisleven , Ingerikesleiben and many other spellings. In 1518 Dittrich von Ingersleben sold the manor that had been created in the meantime . In 1602 it was acquired by the wealthy Erfurt hunting dealer Hans von Ziegler . After that, the aristocratic seat was completely rebuilt between 1609 and 1622. In 1622 Otto Heinrich von Ziegler had a large archway and a beautiful courtyard portal built on the occasion of his marriage to Maria von Wangenheim , which shows the coats of arms of both families. After the Count of Gleichen died out, the place belonged to the lower county of Gleichen from 1631 . In 1651, Duke Ernst the Pious from Gotha issued a fire armament order according to which the places in the Duchy of Saxony-Gotha had to provide their own fire brigades. In 1718, the volunteer fire brigade was founded in Ingersleben by purchasing a hand-operated fire extinguisher pump (“fire engine”) and putting together a fire brigade team.
Ingersleben was affected by the persecution of witches from 1677 to 1688 . Three women got into witch trials , Anna Mainhardt was executed in 1678.
In 1786 the manor passed into the possession of the Baron von Münchhausen , who was employed as court marshal in Gotha. In 1883 it was acquired by the economist Robert Wagner, who in 1894 had the existing "villa" in the castle park expanded with a generous wing, creating a representative castle-like mansion with a hall and lounges. In 1942 the manor went to Horst and Siegismund von Zakrzewski. The mansion was demolished after 1945.
Two street names indicate the earlier existence of a church of St. Peter , which was subject to interest in the Peterskirche in Erfurt, in the east of the village: Petrikirchhofplatz and Petrikirchhofstraße .
Since 1945
By night American artillery bombardment on August 8th / 9th. On April 10th and 10th, 1945 there were 8 civilian deaths in Ingersleben, including three children. Significant damage to buildings was recorded, the first thing to do was to destroy the church tower with a direct hit up to the belfry. This was followed by the American occupation with house searches, confiscation of houses and delivery of cameras. On June 13, 1945, five Ingerslebeners and an unknown number of US soldiers were killed when Wehrmacht ammunition was detonated in the midfield.
At the end of June, the US Army was replaced by the Red Army . There were again interrogations, billeting, cattle taking and "compulsory work" in the occupation army. This confiscated the manor with 326 hectares of land, all farm buildings and the "villa". The population of Ingersleben increased from a good 1,300 before the war to 2,000 at times due to the influx of displaced persons from the eastern regions. There was great need in the first post-war years.
The landowner family was expropriated without compensation in 1946 on the basis of the land reform in the Soviet occupation zone and expelled from the district. In 1947/48 the villa, the farm buildings and the archway with the neighboring milk house were demolished. The park with "exquisite old trees" was cut down, the park area leveled, parceled out and new farms built on it. Part of it served as a scrap yard. The LPG technology department was set up in the economic sector .
The manor house was preserved as the remainder of the former manor , although its demolition was also planned. It is a massive building with a half-timbered upper floor , which today houses the Ingersleben local history museum , for which committed citizens had campaigned since 1979. In 1982 the courtyard portal from 1622 was dismantled, but the components were saved by members of the Kulturbund for later reconstruction. This renaissance portal and the archway were rebuilt after the fall of the Wall and the manor building was renewed, which was particularly recognized when the German Facade Prize was awarded in 2004. Numerous interiors of the local history museum have also been sensitively restored. The black kitchen from around 1700, the " Münchhausen room" and the large hallway with accompanying lines are particularly worth seeing. The rooms with local history content show u. a. Exhibits on Thuringian woad and special exhibitions. One room is dedicated to the life and work of the writer sisters Frieda von Bülow and Margarethe von Bülow . The sisters are the namesake (since 1997) of the von-Bülow-Gymnasium in neighboring Neudietendorf.
On December 1, 2009, Ingersleben was incorporated into the newly established municipality of Nesse-Apfelstädt on the same date.
With Pastor Michael Göring's resignation in April 2013, the Ingersleben pastor's office was dissolved. After the Ingersleben parish was dissolved, the district synod of the Gotha parish decided to assign the parish to the Neudietendorf parish.
coat of arms
Blazon : Divided by blue over gold; above a growing silver, gold crowned and armored lion; below two black maces set in the St. Andrew's cross.
The coat of arms was approved on December 18, 1997.
The growing silver, gold-crowned and gold-armored lion draws on the symbolism of the Counts of Equals who ruled the territory for centuries. The two maces ( morning star ) placed in the St. Andrew's cross are the symbolism of the local gentlemen from Ingersleben. The oldest known representation of Ingersleben's symbol shows the seal of Fritz von Ingersleben from 1368.
The coat of arms was created by the heraldist Frank Diemar from Erfurt.
Attractions
Village church St. Maria with old cemetery with historical gravestones
Nothing certain has been documented about the building of the church. According to records from second hand, the church was built in a garden in the middle of the village and was "consecrated to St. Mary, our Lord's mother." The year 1398 is possibly the year the tower was built and the nave was extended to the east . The construction of the wall and the remains of a Romanesque arched field above the old entrance, which are visible on the outer wall, point to a building in the 12th or 13th century. In the east wall behind the altar, however, the vestments of three windows are preserved, which must be dated to the 14th century. In 1527 the first evangelical preacher came to Ingersleben. The now greater weight of the sermon - and its length - was soon taken into account with the installation of church stalls and galleries. The first gallery was built in 1678 and the second gallery in 1688. The current, arched gallery entrance dates from the middle of the 16th century. Nothing is left of the wooden fixtures from this period. A “manor stand” owned by the “von Ziegler” family preserves the oldest wooden parts of the church. According to the inscription, the gallery part, richly decorated with coat of arms painting, was built in 1647. The other built-in galleries were created towards the end of the 17th century, and in 1710 a vaulted concrete barrel replaced the previously probably flat wooden ceiling. At that time, the roof bay windows were also inserted into the church roof. The interior of the church underwent extensive renovations in the second half of the 18th century. The large windows in the north were broken through the walls to make the originally rather dim church interior bright and light. The pulpit altar, which is typical for the local area, dates from 1771. It was made by the mayor of Ingersleben ( Schultheiss ) Schultze. The organ prospectus for the Schmaltz organ from 1765 was created by the Arnstadt sculptor David Nikolaus Widder in 1772–1778. Only remnants of the organ built at this time are preserved today. The Tambach organ builder Knauf , who completely rebuilt the organ in 1884, took over three registers from the old organ. The tower was originally lower and had a tiled roof. The former bell chamber is clearly visible inside the tower on the top floor of the stone tower structure. In 1791 the tower was raised by the wooden structure and given the curved dome and lantern. An American shell hit destroyed this tower structure in the first days of April 1945. The current tower structure, which is based on the old view, is a work by the local carpentry company Zierenner from 1950. There are three bells on the tower. The oldest and heaviest bell was cast in 1696 and, as a death knell, has survived all the vicissitudes of time. The baptismal bell, which rings the prayer times three times a day, dates back to 1753. It had already been transported away for cannon production during the Second World War , but was found undamaged. In 1955, the parish supplemented the ringing, which had been incomplete since the First World War, with a steel bell, which serves as a wedding bell for worship. Pretty little things can be discovered in the church: The ceiling board is a remnant of an old gallery painting from the 17th century and shows the capture of Jesus in the garden of Gethsemane, the so-called Judas kiss. This gallery painting, which was later removed, must have been, in its sturdy simplicity, the work of a local painter. In the 19th century, two ceiling paintings made by the Weimar painter Arndt were installed. They depict the crucifixion and resurrection.
The church is a protected cultural monument in the district of Gotha.
Local history museum in the old manor house
History of the manor, the old manor house and the new manor house ("villa")
The local history museum has been located in the old manor house of the manor in the town center since 1979 . The weir system with a moat was mentioned as early as the 14th century. The property belonged to numerous noble families (including von Ingersleben and von Gleichen ).
In 1609 he built a large manor house on the property acquired from the Erfurt hog dealer Hans von Ziegler. Otto Heinrich von Ziegler, also a woad dealer from Erfurt, enriched it in 1622 on the occasion of his marriage to Maria von Wangenheim with a splendid late Renaissance portal, heraldic plaque and archway. Baron Adolf Otto Freiherr von Münchhausen , who owned the estate from 1786 to 1883, was well acquainted with the writer Gustav Freytag , who in his novel Die Ahnen chose Ingersleben as the location of the event and authentically described the manor and the Ingersleben area. In 1837 it belonged to Thankmar Freiherr von Münchhausen, who served as the travel marshal of the Duke of Württemberg and as Saxon-Meiningischer court marshal.
In 1883, the manor was acquired by the state economist Robert Wagner (founder of the first sugar factory in Straussfurt ), who in 1894 had the existing "villa" in the palace park expanded as a new mansion with a spacious wing and thus created a representative palace-like residential building with a hall and lounges. Until the beginning of the 19th century, the old manor house had served the respective owner as a residence. In 1942 the manor went to Horst and Siegismund von Zakrzewski. The landowner family was expropriated without compensation in the course of the land reform in the Soviet Zone in 1946 and expelled from the district. In 1947/48 the villa, the farm buildings and the archway with the neighboring milk house were demolished. The park with “exquisite old trees” was cut down, the park area leveled, parceled out and new farms built on it. The LPG technology department was set up in the economic sector . The old manor house was preserved as the remainder of the former manor, although its demolition was also planned. The local history museum has been in this building since 1979. Today the museum is considered the central museum of the municipality of Nesse-Apfelstädt.
Interior of the local history museum
Numerous interiors are decorated with wall and ceiling paintings, which have been carefully exposed and restored. These include the fully functional “Black Kitchen”, the Rococo Room, the “Stripe Room” with a version from before 1780 and the “Münchhausenzimmer” decorated with banded painting. An exhibition presents the life and work of the writers Frieda and Margarethe von Bülow . They spent their childhood and youth with their grandparents, the Baron von Münchhausen. Other living rooms are the bedroom (around 1800), the Biedermeier room or the administrator's office in the "tower room". In the exhibition on the history of Neudietendorf , a community of brothers and sisters, the focus is on its trade, including the Liliendahl sealing wax manufacturer (founded in 1778), the history of pharmacies, Aromatique production (bitters) and the candle factory.
A special feature is the inventory on writers and publishers:
- 400 objects, books and manuscripts by the writer Prof. HA Krüger (1871–1945)
- 140 objects by the writer Ernst Püschel (1881–1941)
- 70 watercolors and drawings by the painter Arthur Rose (1891–1974)
- 150 works by the writer Johannes Hermann Meissel (1888–1969)
A separate room is dedicated to the Thuringian Forest and woad cultivation. In addition to historical books, the "Waidzimmer" also contains the sample book from Neudietendorfer Staude's dye works from 1853.
The collection includes a photo library, a collection of manuscripts, 1,500 seal stamps (around 1830–1940), 1,300 seal impressions (15th - 20th centuries), exhibits on rural life, tools and machines. The manor house can be viewed from the cellar to the attic and the parlor offers around 25 seats, a pleasant place for events.
After the former club house and local history museum in Neudietendorf was sold to the EKMD in 2005 , this collection also came to the local history museum Ingersleben.
The property is a protected cultural monument in the Gotha district. In 2016 the old manor house got its natural stone facade in the basement restored after it was plastered as "emergency security" in GDR times.
More Attractions
Mills
- Untermühle : at Mühlgraben, to be reached via Petrikirchhof-Straße and Mühlgasse. The mill was built in 1441 and extensively renovated as a residential ensemble from 2002 to 2005. The half-timbered building has a reconstructed mill wheel that drives a generator to generate electricity. The original generator, which operated until 1945 and supplied the manor with electricity, was dismantled by the Soviet occupying forces and brought to the USSR. The lower mill was the former manor mill from 1441, opposite it on the other side of the mill ditch was the manor house , the castle-like “villa” that was demolished after the war in a park that was also deforested.
- Obermühle or Zitzmann-Mühle: at the western exit of the town. The only still working watermill on the Apfelstädt.
additional
- Terrace house from 1760
- Marienthal Bridge in front of the Apfelstädt confluence with the Gera
- Mühlgrabenbrücke : Stone arch bridge over the Mühlgraben below the Untermühle, the former manor mill. Built in 1812, thorough renovation (cost of 145,000 euros) by April 2012, is a listed building.
- Ingersleben oak , around 350 years old, opposite the Zitzmann mill south of the Apfelstädt
- War memorial for the 39 fallen and missing of the First World War , supplemented by two flanking plaques with the 68 names of the local soldiers who did not return from the Second World War : on the wall of the New Cemetery
- Former excursion restaurant "Felsenkeller" south of the village below the Hausierberg: half-timbered building complex, built in 1871, with extensions until 1876. The very popular restaurant with a magnificent hall, bowling alley and beer garden served the last beer in 1954. It had taken in refugees from 1945, then it was used as a children's holiday home and later as a blood plasma depot for the NVA. After the fall of the Wall, the restoration was carried out by the 4th generation of the owners, who were expropriated during the GDR era. Private use as residential house and warehouse. The way to the rock cellar was once an avenue of poplar trees.
- Stone cross of unusual shape at the beginning of the hiking trail from Ingersleben to Marienthal.
Local history museum in the old manor house (street side)
Coat of arms of the von Ziegler family
Church interior
Manor house ("Villa") of the manor, demolished in 1947/48 (drawing by Arthur Rose )
Personalities
- Thankmar von Münchhausen (1795–1864 in Ingersleben), took part as a lieutenant in the war of freedom against Napoleon, from 1842 in Ingersleben renovation of the “villa” and construction of farm buildings for the manor
- Frieda von Bülow (1857–1909): writer, founder of the German colonial novel after years of residence in German East Africa, spent formative childhood and youth in Neudietendorf and Ingersleben
- Margarethe von Bülow (1860–1884): Writer (novels and short stories with a local history), experienced formative childhood and youth together with her sister Frieda in Neudietendorf and Ingersleben
- Otto Senffleben (1867–1936), co-founder of the Protestant church newspaper Glaube und Heimat , published by Wartburg Verlag , was born in Ingersleben
- Jörg Hindemith (* 1956), a popular pop singer and entertainer during the GDR era, lives in Ingersleben
- Katrin Göring-Eckardt (* 1966), politician (Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen), parliamentary group leader Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen in the Bundestag, used to live in Ingersleben as the wife of the former Protestant parish priest.
literature
- Municipalities at the apple city . Burgen Druck, Apfelstädt 2003.
- Thomas Bienert: New old portal . In: The fate of battered and extinguished noble seats , Thüringer Allgemeine, Erfurt 2006.
- Author collective: "Two flowers on a branch. Contributions to the life and work of the writers Frieda and Margarethe von Bülow". Published by Heimatmuseum Ingersleben, 2000.
- H.-D. Manns, D. Stender and team of authors: Ingersleben. From our village history . Ed. Ortschaft Ingersleben, 2011.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Our paper , May 2011
- ↑ Documented in the local history museum
- ↑ Ronald Füssel: The witch persecutions in the Thuringian area , publications of the working group for historical witchcraft and crime research in Northern Germany, Volume 2, Hamburg 2003, p. 254f.
- ↑ Horst Benneckenstein: "Attack planned in the inn of the Brethren". Thuringian newspaper, May 8, 2009
- ↑ StBA: Area changes from January 2nd to December 31st, 2009
- ↑ Patrick Krug: 35 years in Ingersleben. Earned partial retirement: Pastor Michael Göring is leaving his office. Thuringian regional newspaper, 1./2. May 2013
- ^ Official journal of the community of Drei Gleichen from January 17, 2014
- ↑ Hartmut Ulle: New Thuringian Wappenbuch, Volume 3 , Ed. Arbeitsgemeinschaft Genealogie Thüringen eV, Sept. 1998, ISBN 3-9804487-3-8
- ↑ Michael Göring in the brochure of the rural community Nesse-Apfelstädt 2011 edition
- ↑ Hans-Dieter Manns: Heimatmuseum Ingersleben in the brochure of the rural community Nesse-Apfelstädt from 2011
- ↑ Thüringische Landeszeitung (Erfurt and surroundings), May 24, 2016
- ↑ Claudia Klinger: About like 200 years ago. Ingersleber inaugurated the renovated Mühlgrabenbrücke with a village festival . Thuringian newspaper, April 25, 2012
- ↑ Hartmut Schwarz: excursion restaurant with three levels. The Ingerslebener "Felsenkeller" was one of the most popular excursion destinations in the Erfurt area . Thüringer Landeszeitung, July 18, 2018. p. 16
