Großer Stein (Lausitzer Bergland)
| Big Stone | ||
|---|---|---|
 Goethe head |
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| height | 471 m above sea level NN | |
| location | Free State of Saxony , Germany | |
| Mountains | Lusatian highlands | |
| Coordinates | 50 ° 56 '31 " N , 14 ° 39' 33" E | |
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| rock | Basalt , phonolite , tuff | |
The Große Stein , also called Spitzkunnersdorfer Spitzberg , is a 471 meter high mountain in the eastern Lusatian Bergland in the Free State of Saxony . It is located in the district of Leutersdorf in Upper Lusatia and is still surrounded by the towns of Spitzkunnersdorf , sequence and Seifhennersdorf . The mountain has two rock peaks, the smaller of which is called the Goethe Head , as its silhouette is similar to Goethe's facial profile . The Spitzkunnersdorfer Bach rises on the eastern slope of the Großer Stein . In the northwest, the Leutersdorf water flows around the Großer Stein, where the soap pond used to be .
geology
The creation of the Great Stone began in the Tertiary . Ash tuffs were created , which today form the northern slope. During further volcanic activity, magma rose to the surface and formed an extensive basalt cover , today's eastern slope. Finally, phonolite slabs pushed themselves up and partly laid over the basalt at the edge.
Flora and fauna
The vegetation on the Großer Stein can be seen as an example of a whole series of phonolite mountains in the Oberlausitzer Bergland . Due to lack of nutrients, exposure and inclination of the terrain, types of rock corridors, grasslands and acidic birch-oak forests are predominant.
The tender ostrich grass grows on the south and east slopes , which is supplemented by hare clover , silver cinquefoil , heather carnation and bluebells . Particularly noteworthy are the occurrences of silver thistles and field wreaths , which are rare in Upper Lusatia . Following the meadows there are bushes such as hawthorn or blackthorn . On the southern upper slope there is a sparse stand of birch trees that have been growing there since around 1920. The soil flora consists of acid-loving species such as ostrich grasses , sheep fescue and bluebells.
On the shady northern slope mainly birch , mountain ash and common oak as well as blood-red dogwood grow . On the ground there are deciduous forest plants that are typical of basalt knolls. Examples of this would be Bingelkräuter and Braunwurzen . Small ferns such as the Nordic striped fern thrive on the phonolite summit .
natural reserve
In 1928, the rock of the mountain was supposed to be mined as building material, after which the then municipality of Spitzkunnersdorf and the Saxon Heritage Protection Association bought the mountain. The area was placed under nature protection and the rock formations declared a geological natural monument.
Trivia
In the early 1960s, lightning struck Goethe's head and blew his “nose” off. Shortly thereafter, however, it was cemented back to its original location by friends of Spitzkunnersdorfer Heimat.
literature
- The south-eastern Upper Lusatia with Zittau and the Zittau Mountains (= values of the German homeland . Volume 16). 2nd Edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1971, p. 72ff.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Torsten Mai: Sights in Spitzkunnersdorf and the surrounding area. September 28, 2000, accessed April 20, 2010 .