Hans Sauerbruch

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Hans Ferdinand Sauerbruch (born January 6, 1910 in Marburg ; † March 6, 1996 in Konstanz ) was a German draftsman , painter and illustrator who grew up in Zurich, Munich and Berlin and worked in Konstanz for 50 years.

Life

Hans Sauerbruch was the first son of the important surgeon Ferdinand Sauerbruch and his first wife Adeline (whose first child, a daughter, died of polio a few months after her birth in autumn 1908 ). When he was two years old, the family moved to Zurich , from where there is evidence that his mother often took him to the art museum, which impressed him very much. In Zurich, the Sauerbruchs first lived on Freie Strasse in Zurich-Hottingen, then on Florhofgasse next to the Florhof guesthouse near the cantonal hospital . Hans' siblings Friedrich (* August 31, 1911), Peter (* June 5, 1913) and Marilen (* April 27, 1917) were born in the old patrician house rented by Ferdinand Sauerbruch, where he also ran a private practice. In 1918 the family moved with their father to Munich , where Hans Sauerbruch a. a. Franz von Stuck got to know and took drawing lessons from the painter and graphic artist Hans Stadelmann. During a vacation in Davos when he was around 15, he got to know Ernst Ludwig Kirchner better. After two years of private tuition, he went to the Theresien-Gymnasium , where he obtained his school- leaving certificate in March 1928.

Time in Berlin

In the same year the family moved to Berlin and moved into a villa on Wannsee in the immediate vicinity of Max Liebermann , with whom his father was on friendly terms. At his father's request, he began studying medicine, which he dropped out after the second semester. The advice of Max Liebermann (who was initially not convinced of Sauerbruch's talent), which was later often quoted, “The boy will be able to earn the bread, whether the butter on it, nobody knows anyway” (or “He can get that bread already vadiene. - How it eats the butter - I don't know how it is ”) encouraged him to pursue a career as an artist. On Liebermann's advice, he learned from Willy Jaeckel at the private painting school of Alexander von Antalffy and was accepted into the Association of Berlin Artists , where he was probably the youngest member. In 1937 he had contact with modern French art during a six-week stay on the occasion of the World Exhibition in Paris. On April 20, 1936, Hans Sauerbruch married Jadwiga Wolff, and the pastor was Martin Niemöller . Son Ernst was born in 1937.

Scholarships in Italy

In 1938 he was commissioned to paint a wall at the Charité , which has not been preserved. This, as well as the illustration of Simplicissimus, led to a grant from the Prussian Academy of Arts in the Italian mountain village of Olevano , where the family lived from 1938 to 1941.

This was followed by a one-year scholarship at the Villa Massimo in Rome. In June 1941 the second son Horst was born .

military service

In the spring of 1942 he was called up for military service. During the Second World War he was a soldier in Italy (including in Palermo as an anti-aircraft "conductor"), Russia , the Balkans and Austria . At times he worked as a war draftsman and interpreter for the Italian language. In 1945 he was taken prisoner by the Soviets , from which he was released at the end of the year because of his poor health (he suffered from dysentery ). Shortly after his return, he separated from his wife and children.

Time in Constance

Almost all of his pictures and belongings were lost in the period up to the end of the war. In 1946, Hans Sauerbruch built up a new existence in Konstanz, which was not made easy for him, the “ Prussian ” Protestant in the Alemannic, Catholic city. His earlier work, as well as his belongings, had been destroyed in the war. At first he lived in a small attic apartment in the Niederburg in Constance, the oldest part of the city. Despite the limited space, a kind of artists' meeting developed there, from which u. a. The small circle developed, of which Sauerbruch was one of the founding members.

In 1949 he married Erika "Eri" Windisch. The daughter Bettina (* 1949) and the son Matthias (* 1955) come from this marriage . From 1961 he taught drawing at the Konstanz Adult Education Center, in 1963 he became a lecturer in drawing, design and art history at the local university of applied sciences (now HTWG ). In 1975 he retired; In 1978 he was once again entrusted with a teaching position in the architecture department. In 1980 he finally stopped teaching. He died in 1996 and was buried in the Allmannsdorf cemetery in Konstanz-Allmannsdorf .

Style-defining encounters

Sauerbruch got to know the new art through his meeting with Ernst Ludwig Kirchner . He was shaped by Max Liebermann . He learned representational art from Willy Jaeckel . He met contemporary artists in the artist bars "Die Insel" and in the Romanisches Café .

plant

There is an extensive work by Hans Sauerbruch, consisting of drawings and illustrations, oil paintings and sgraffiti on houses, the latter mainly in the city of Constance.

Illustrations and book graphics

illustration

Hans Sauerbruch's first well-known work was 200 illustrations of Grimmelshausen's Simplicius Simplicissimus for the 1934 edition of the German Book Association , which were created in 1930.

  • Hans Jakob Christoph von Grimmelshausen: The adventurous Simplicissimus. The novel of the thirty years war. Edited and introduced by Hans W. Fischer, with many drawings by Hans Sauerbruch. German Book Community, Berlin 1934.
  • Eduard Mörike : Idyll from Lake Constance or Fischer Martin and the bell thieves . Thorbecke, Lindau 1947 (centenary edition. With 46 drawings by Hans Sauerbruch.).
  • Friedrich Gerstäcker: The wreck. With 16 drawings by Hans Sauerbruch . Lingua, Constance 1949.
  • CH Boehringer Sohn Ingelheim am Rhein (ed.): Bacchus and Aesculapia. A cheerful medical-historical-oinological study. Drawings by Hans Sauerbruch . Bruckmann, Munich 1951.
  • Hans Sauerbruch, Günter Luger: How to make a bed ... 75 sticklebacks. Cheerful picture stories in drawings and verses . Verlag des Südkurier, Konstanz 1967.
  • Dino Larese : The Pope came to Hagenwil. Hagenwil legends. Drawings by Hans Sauerbruch. Amsriswiler Bücherei, Amsriswil 1979.
  • Thomas Burth: Gschwätz wi gmolet. Poems and stories in Alemannic dialect. With drawings by Hans Sauerbruch . Südkurier publishing house, Konstanz 1980.
  • Thomas Burth: Thought on a journey. Poems and stories in Alemannic dialect. With drawings by Hans Sauerbruch. Verlag des Südkurier, Konstanz 1984, ISBN 3-87799-045-2 .
  • (as) Rosemarie Banholzer: Mir Leit vu called. Drawings by Prof. Hans Sauerbruch. Rosgarten-Verlag, Konstanz 1991.

newspaper

From 1951 onwards, Hans Sauerbruch provided the illustration for the column “Laughing into the new week” for the Monday edition of the Südkurier for over 40 years . Between 1983 and 1990 this column was rhymed in written German by Rosemarie Banholzer .

Oil paintings and watercolors

Hans Sauerbruch's painting style always remained objective, predominantly representational, his works are usually light and colorful. You can see the good draftsman in many works. He often found his motifs in everyday scenes - at the market , in the circus , and often at Mardi Gras  - but he also created landscapes and portraits .

Wall paintings and sgraffiti

Hans Sauerbruch achieved notoriety with his wall paintings , sgraffiti and plate mosaics , especially in the urban area of ​​Constance, but also beyond. Around one hundred works on and in houses of this type are listed, 77 facade paintings in Constance alone.

Often these are house signs that interpret the names of houses used earlier in a modern manner. He created the majority of these works using the elaborate technique of sgraffito, which required careful planning, great craftsmanship and, during the execution, fast work (to prevent the plaster layers from setting). In addition to the rather small-format house signs (one to a few square meters in size), there are also very large works by him that decorate the gable of a multi-storey residential building.

Examples

Rheingasse in Niederburg in Konstanz: Sgraffito by Hans Sauerbruch, 2nd version.
Meersburg, Fährehafen: Sgraffito by Hans Sauerbruch on the outside of the bus shelter. Motif: Panorama of Constance.
Meersburg, ferry port: Sgraffito by Hans Sauerbruch on the inside of the bus shed. Motive: Bus and boat traffic in Constance. Ferry connection to Meersburg.
The bishop moves into his royal seat in Meersburg

The bus shelter at the Meersburg ferry port has a sgraffito on the outer wall, in which the panorama of Constance is depicted: the council building, minster, Rhine gate tower and Rhine bridge. In the interior of the bus shelter, a map of the city of Konstanz with its means of transport has been artistically worked out: bus, boat and ferry connections.

At the house at Kirchstrasse 6 in Meersburg, four partial scenes are shown on the red paint: the entry of the bishop into his royal seat Meersburg with flag bearers, the old castle and the scenery of the city, a text in memory of the demolished gate of the upper town and the depiction of fruits, Drinks, fish and pheasant in memory of the house's use as a grocery store.

Preservation of sgraffiti

Sgraffiti are created by colored mineral plasters and are resistant to weathering. Some of the murals by Hans Sauerbruch are threatened with loss or at least overburden due to the energetic renovation of the building. His sgraffito from 1957 in Schobuliweg 9/11 in the Constance district of Paradies , in which the agricultural past of the district is remembered, was saved from being forgotten after protests from the population despite the restoration of the facade by means of internal insulation instead of external insulation.

A presentation

The manuscript of a lecture by Hans Sauerbruch has survived in which he reported in 1973 "to art friends in Singen " from his life and the many encounters with other artists. This is mainly published in the Hegau yearbook 2016 .

Honors

literature

  • Kunstverein Konstanz (ed.): Hans Sauerbruch - pictures, drawings and decorative art . Friedr. Stadler, Konstanz 1980, ISBN 3-7977-0055-5 (the title contains, among other things, the essay Thoughts and reflections on the person and work of the painter by L. E. Reindl).
  • Erika, Bettina, Ernst, Horst and Matthias Sauerbruch (eds.): Hans Sauerbruch - Works 1930-1990 - Catalog on the occasion of the 80th birthday exhibition in the Konstanz Town Hall, July 1990 . Private printing, Konstanz 1990 (with text contributions by Gerd Appenzeller, Herbert Vogt, Franz Oexle, Horst Sauerbruch, Alexander Gebauer, Antonia Gruhn-Zimmermann and an excerpt from a speech by Hans Sauerbruch; in addition, here are the life data, a directory of sgraffiti, mosaics Wall paintings and stained glass windows as well as a list of illustrations and book graphics).
  • Bettina Sauerbruch-Meese, Ernst, Horst and Matthias Sauerbruch (eds.): The painter Hans Sauerbruch 1919–1996 . Libelle-Verlag, Lengwil 2006, ISBN 978-3-905707-12-0 , p. 210 ff . (The title contains the articles: Renate Ebner: Hans Sauerbruch - Image worlds between line and color ; Matthias Sauerbruch: The gifted city ; a directory of sgraffiti in Constance and Ekkehard Faude: Hans Sauerbruch - About the life behind the images. ).
  • Herbert Schläger: The painter and illustrator Hans Sauberbruch . In: Bowker Staff. International Bibliography of Bibliographies in Library and Information Science and Related Fields . Walter de Gruyter, 1999

Web links

Commons : Hans Sauerbruch  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Renate Ebner: Hans Sauerbruch - image worlds between line and color. In: Exhibition catalog, 2006.
  2. ^ Ferdinand Sauerbruch, Hans Rudolf Berndorff : That was my life. Kindler & Schiermeyer, Bad Wörishofen 1951; cited: Licensed edition for Bertelsmann Lesering, Gütersloh 1956, pp. 147 and 156 f.
  3. ↑ Memories, encounters, experiences of a painter with art. Excerpts from a lecture by Hans Sauerbruch (in the 1990 catalog)
  4. ^ Ferdinand Sauerbruch, Hans Rudolf Berndorff: That was my life. Kindler & Schiermeyer, Bad Wörishofen 1951; cited: Licensed edition for Bertelsmann Lesering, Gütersloh 1956, p. 318 f.
  5. ^ Biography Horst Sauerbruch , accessed on January 22, 2015
  6. ^ Hans Sauerbruch: Memories, encounters, experiences of a painter with art. In: " Hegau-Geschichtsverein ": Yearbook 73/2016, p. 243.
  7. ^ Ferdinand Sauerbruch, Hans Rudolf Berndorff: That was my life. Kindler & Schiermeyer, Bad Wörishofen 1951; cited: Licensed edition for Bertelsmann Lesering, Gütersloh 1956, p. 408.
  8. ^ Hans Sauerbruch: Memories, encounters, experiences of a painter with art. In: Hegau Geschichtsverein: Jahrbuch 73/2016, p. 243.
  9. ↑ The section “Life” is largely taken from the text by Ekkehard Faude (2006), and to a lesser extent from the life data listed in the 1990 catalog.
  10. ^ Hans Sauerbruch: Memories, encounters, experiences of a painter with art. In: Hegau Geschichtsverein: Yearbook 73/2016, pp. 223–246.
  11. ↑ See the chronologically sorted list in the 1980 catalog.
  12. ↑ Bettina Sauerbruch-Meese, Ernst, Horst and Matthias Sauerbruch (eds.): The painter Hans Sauerbruch 1919–1996 . Libelle-Verlag, Lengwil 2006, ISBN 978-3-905707-12-0 , p. 210 ff . (The title contains the articles: Renate Ebner: Hans Sauerbruch - Imagery between line and color . Matthias Sauerbruch: The gifted city ; a directory of sgraffiti in Konstanz and Ekkehard Faude: Hans Sauerbruch - About the life behind the images. ).
  13. ↑ Michael Lünstroth: Sauerbruch mural completely restored. In: Südkurier , April 29, 2015.
  14. ^ Diethard Nowak: Small monuments in Meersburger Landen. Meersburg, second expanded edition 2014. pp. 210–212, section: Sgraffiti on the ferry port building in Meersburg.
  15. ^ Diethard Nowak: Small monuments in Meersburger Landen. Meersburg, second expanded edition 2014. pp. 212–213, section: Sgraffito at the house at Kirchstrasse 6 (“New Pharmacy”).
  16. ^ Siegmund Kopitzki (interview with the son Ernst Sauerbruch): The townscape was enriched. In: Südkurier of December 11, 2015.
  17. ^ Siegmund Kopitzki: Art falls victim to thermal protection . In: Südkurier . January 22, 2015, p. 15 ( suedkurier.de [accessed on January 22, 2015]).
  18. ↑ Michael Lünstroth: Sauerbruch mural completely restored. In: Südkurier , April 29, 2015.
  19. ^ Hans Sauerbruch: Memories, encounters, experiences of a painter with art . In: Hegau-Geschichtsverein (Hrsg.): Hegau - magazine for history, folklore and natural history of the area between the Rhine, Danube and Lake Constance . Subject volume "Art and Artist Landscape Hegau", No. 73 , 2016, ISBN 978-3-933356-88-8 , pp. 223-246 .
personal data
SURNAME Sauerbruch, Hans
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Sauerbruch, Hans Ernst (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German painter and graphic artist
DATE OF BIRTH January 6, 1910
PLACE OF BIRTH Marburg
DATE OF DEATH March 6, 1996
Place of death Constancy