Hans Ungnad

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Hans Ungnad (from the Trubarjev zbornik , 1908)

Hans III. Ungnad von Weißenwolff , Baron von Sonnegg ( Sonneck ) in Carinthia (born November 19, 1493 , † December 27, 1564 at Winteritz Castle (Vintířov) in Bohemia ) was an Austrian statesman who later ran a printing press in Urach ( Württemberg ) to support the Reformation .

Life

From 1530 Hans Ungnad was governor of Styria , where the Reformation initiated by Martin Luther was spreading; at the same time he was Vice-Cathedral of Celje . In 1532 he successfully led his troops into a battle against the Turks. From 1540 he was supreme captain of the field in the territory that corresponds to today's Slovenia and central Croatia , he also held other political offices. From 1542 to 1544 he was governor (equivalent to the provincial governor) of the Archduchy of Austria under the Enns .

Disgrace became a follower of Luther. After trying in vain for religious freedom with the Roman-German king and later Emperor Ferdinand I , he resigned from his offices in 1556. He first went to Wittenberg , where he met Philipp Melanchthon . In 1558 he went to Urach. There Duke Christoph appointed him to his council. In 1560 the Slovenian reformer Primož Trubar , whom he may already have known from Celje but who now lived in Kempten , approached him with the request to support the publication of a Croatian translation of the New Testament financially. Ungnad was so enthusiastic about the project that he had Stephan Consul (who had done the translation together with Anton Dalmata ) come to Urach.

From its own funds and with the support of the Duke and other Protestant rulers he founded in Urach the Windische, chrabatische and cirulische Thrukerey (ie, Slovenian, Croatian and Cyrillic printing; also Uracher Bibelanstalt called). A version of the Augsburg Confession, translated and edited by Primož Trubar, and a Croatian translation of the New Testament made by Stephan Consul and Anton Dalmata, each in two versions (in Glagolitic and Cyrillic letters), were printed there in 1562/63 . The book on which the evangelical practice of faith is based was forbidden. Anyone caught with Luther's Bible could face imprisonment or expulsion. Cattle dealers, merchants and carters smuggled the "hot goods" Bible as well as hymn books and prayer books over narrow paths into the most remote Habsburg areas.

Hans Ungnad died during a visit to his sister Elisabeth Countess Schlick († 1575), who lived in Bohemia ; he was buried in the Tübingen collegiate church. The printing house was closed.

family

Hans III. Ungnad was the son of Hans II. Ungnad von Weißenwolff , Baron von Sonnegg (Sonneck) auf Waldenstein (1472-around 1520) and Margarethe Lochner von Liebenfels (around 1475-after 1516) as well as the grandson of (Johann I) Christoph Ungnad von Weissenwolf , Enfeoffed with Sonnegg in 1442 († 1490) and Anna Catharina von Fraunberg zu Haag (around 1440-after 1482).

In 1525 he married Anna Maria Freiin von Thurn auf Friedrichstein (around 1500–1555), with whom he supposedly had 20 sons and 4 daughters, of whom Ludwig (1526–1584, Obersthofmarschall), Christoph († 1587; married to Anna Losonczi since 1567) , the lover of Bálint Balassa ; 1576–1583 Ban of Croatia ), Carl († 1599), Simeon (around 1530–1605), Ehrenreich (Ernreich) († 1598), Judith Elisabeth († 1572) (married to Juan since 1548 de Hoyos ), Margareta († 1572) and Helena reached adulthood.

1555 married Ungnad in Barby former BECOMING nun Magdalena Countess of Barby and Mülingen (1530-1565), mother of his sons Wolf (gang) (around 1566-1594) and Hans Georg (around 1562-1583).

Ungnad was related to Peter II Erdődy (1504–1567), who was Ban of Croatia from 1557 to 1567 , and they wrote to each other as “brother-in-law”.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Bible smuggler
  2. ↑ An ancestor of Kaiser Wilhelm II , Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands, among others .
  3. ↑ Red marble late Gothic tumble tomb in the parish church Maria Himmelfahrt von Eberndorf (Slovenian Dobrla vas ) near Völkermarkt in Carinthia .
  4. ^ Entry on Andreas Ungnad's brother Johannes and (children) in: Personal database of the courtiers of the Austrian Habsburgs of the 16th and 17th centuries of the Kaiser und Höfe project
  5. ↑ The grandfather of Peter II Erdõdy, Miklós (Nikolaus) Bakocz Erdõdy († before 1495), was married to a Maria Ungnad.
personal data
SURNAME Injustice, Hans
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Ungnad Freiherr von Sonnegg, Hans (full name); In favor of Sonneck, Hans; Disgrace of Weissenwolf, Hans III.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian statesman and printer
DATE OF BIRTH November 19, 1493
DATE OF DEATH December 27, 1564
Place of death Winteritz Castle , Bohemia