Willy Hellpach

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Willy Hellpach (1931). Photo by Elly Lisser

Willy Hugo Hellpach (born February 26, 1877 in Oels , Province of Silesia , German Reich ; † July 6, 1955 in Heidelberg ; pseudonym Ernst Gystrow) was a German politician , journalist , psychologist and doctor . In 1925 he ran for the German Democratic Party (DDP) in the election of Reich President .

Life

Willy Hellpach (hat in hand) in 1931

The son of the court calculator Hugo Hellpach and his wife Agnes, b. Otto, passed his Abitur in Landeshut in 1895 and began studying medicine at the University of Greifswald . From 1897 he was also enrolled in psychology at the University of Leipzig , where he studied with Wilhelm Wundt . Hellpach received his doctorate in psychology at the end of 1899 with the topic “Color perception in indirect vision” and in 1903, supervised by Franz Nissl , with “Analytical studies on the psychology of hysteria” in medicine. Between 1901 and 1903 he worked, mediated by Wilhelm Wundt, at the Psychiatric Clinic in Heidelberg with Emil Kraepelin and at the Berlin Nerve Polyclinic with Hermann Oppenheim . In Berlin, during his further training as a neurologist, he dealt with the social etiology of nervousness in a small study on "Social causes and effects of nervousness", as Richard von Krafft-Ebing had done a few years earlier . During his student days he was influenced by Ferdinand Lassalle and wrote between 1898 and 1903 for the socialist monthly books . From 1903 he wrote for the Berlin daily newspaper Der Tag and remained loyal to it until 1922.

In 1904 Hellpach married the merchant's daughter Olga Klin († 1948) in Prague ; the marriage remained childless. Hellpach practiced to as neurologist in Karlsruhe , where he joined in 1906 at the Technical University habilitated who appointed him in 1911 to associate professor.

During the First World War , he first served on the Western Front, and later he headed several nerve hospitals .

During the war his decision to be politically active matured. From 1917 Hellpach began to work as a freelancer for the Vossische Zeitung . In 1918 he joined the DDP. For the Liberals, he was Minister of Education in 1922 and, from 1924 to 1925, he was rotating President in Baden and head of the Hellpach cabinet . One of his lasting educational achievements is that he issued the basic ordinances for the dual vocational training system that still exists today.

In the Reich presidential election in 1925 , he ran for the DDP in the first ballot, receiving 5.8% of the vote. From 1925 to 1933 he also published in the Neue Zürcher Zeitung . He sat in the Reichstag from 1928 to 1930, but withdrew from politics disappointed. He no longer found a political home in the German State Party .

Since 1943 he was a full member of the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences . In 1944 he was accepted into the Leopoldina . Even after 1945 he was no longer politically active.

Hellpach's grave in the Heidelberg mountain cemetery

Academic work

Before 1902 Hellpach published under the pseudonym "Ernst Gystrow". Later, especially after 1925, he wrote some books, some of them extensive, on humanities, social sciences and politics. Two of his books, which are based on pantheism and panentheism , also testify to his interest in theological questions. Hellpach used the term “nosopsychoma” to denote signs of a mental disorder that are related to a physical illness and is therefore also significant for the history of psychosomatic medicine . His treatises were also forward-looking for the development of the field of medical psychology in Germany, which for him can be largely equated with the term "clinical psychology". With the book The Geopsychic Phenomena , published in 1911 . Weather, climate and landscape in their influence on the mental life presented developed ideas he is today worldwide as the founder of environmental psychology .

Already with psychiatric patients in closed institutions, he described symptoms and peculiarities based on the novel The Magic Mountain as "Magic Mountain Disease" also for tuberculosis patients who stay in a hospital for a long time.

The Ideo-Realgesetz was defined by Willy Hellpach as an extension of the Carpenter effect : "Every subjective experience content includes an impulse for its objective realization."

At the Philosophers ' Congress in Garmisch-Partenkirchen in 1947, the first philosophers' congress since 1936, he gave, according to Johannes Hirschberger , “the dazzling, witty pompous speech”.

Honors

Hellpach was awarded the first Wilhelm Wundt Medal in 1952 . In the same year he received the Great Cross of Merit with Star of the Federal Republic of Germany . In 1953 he received the Paracelsus Medal of the German medical profession.

In 1973 the former municipal commercial college in Heidelberg was named after him. The Willy-Hellpach-Schule is a school center with a business high school, a vocational school for business, a commercial vocational school and a dual vocational college for high school graduates. Since 2007, the school subject "happiness" has been taught for the first time in Germany.

Fonts (selection)

  • Prostitution and prostitutes . Pan, Berlin 1905 (Modern Issues of Time 5)
  • The spiritual epidemics . Rütten & Loening, Frankfurt am Main 1906 ( Society 11)
  • The pathological in modern art . Lecture given on October 3, 1910 at the IV International Congress for Insane Care in Berlin. Winter, Heidelberg 1910
  • The geopsychic phenomena. The human soul under the influence of weather and climate, soil and landscape . Engelmann, Leipzig 1911; 8. A. Enke, Stuttgart 1977, ISBN 3-432-82298-7 (from 4. A. 1935 as Geopsyche )
  • The essence of the German school . Quelle & Meyer, Leipzig 1925; 2. verb. A. ibid. 1926
  • Political forecast for Germany . S. Fischer, Berlin 1928
  • Embossing. 12 treatises from doctrine and life of education . Quelle & Meyer, Leipzig 1928
  • Between Wittenberg and Rome. A pantheodicy to revise the Reformation . S. Fischer, Berlin 1931
  • The wave law of our life. Wegner, Hamburg 1941
  • Elementary textbook of social psychology . Springer, Berlin 1933; 3. through A. Enke, Stuttgart 1951
  • Healing power and creation. From the world of the doctor and the secret of existence . Reissner, Dresden 1934
  • Introduction to Ethnic Psychology . Enke, Stuttgart 1938; 3. rework. A. ibid. 1954
  • People and people of the big city . Enke, Stuttgart 1939; 2. rework. A. ibid. 1952
  • German physiognomics. Foundation of a natural history of the national faces . De Gruyter, Berlin 1942; 2. probably A. ibid. 1949
  • Social organisms. An investigation into the foundations of scientific community life . Barth, Leipzig 1944; 2. A. Cologne 1953 (as Der Sozialorganismus )
  • The development of peoples and the history of peoples under the rule and action of binding law and creative freedom in the life of the peoples . Hippocrates, Stuttgart 1944
  • Senses and soul. 12 courses in your border thicket . Enke, Stuttgart 1946
  • Clinical Psychology. Stuttgart 1946; 2nd edition, ibid. 1947
  • Te Deum. Layman's training in pantheology . Wegner, Hamburg 1947
  • Thinking in medicine . Thieme, Stuttgart 1948
  • Universitas litterarum. Collected essays . Enke, Stuttgart 1948
  • Working in confusion. Life memories. An account of the worth and happiness, guilt and overthrow of my generation . 2 volumes. Wegner, Hamburg 1948/49
  • Pax Futura. The education of peaceful people through a conservative democracy . Westermann, Braunschweig 1949
  • Outline of the psychology of religion (spiritual science of faith) . Enke, Stuttgart 1951
  • Universal psychology of a genius - Goethe. Man and fellow man. The creature in the Creator . Hain, Meisenheim 1952 (Psychologia Universalis 1)
  • The German character . Athenaeum, Bonn 1954

literature

  • Wilhelm Witte:  Hellpach, Willy Hugo. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 8, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1969, ISBN 3-428-00189-3 , p. 487 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Christoph Führ, Hans Georg Zier (Ed.): Hellpach Memoirs 1925–1945. Böhlau, Vienna 1987 (= studies and documentation on the history of German education. Volume 33), ISBN 3-412-07686-4 .
  • Klaus Beier : Recognize and shape. Theory and practice in the work of Willy Hellpach. Philosophical dissertation Free University of Berlin 1988.
  • Walter Stallmeister (Ed.): Willy Hellpach. Contributions to work and biography. Lang, Bern 1991, ISBN 3-631-42021-8 (with comprehensive bibliography).
  • Christian Jansen : Willy Hellpach. An anti-liberal democrat comments on the decline of the Weimar Republic. In: Walter Schmitz , Clemens Vollnhals (Hrsg.): Völkische Movement - Conservative Revolution - National Socialism. Aspects of a politicized culture. Thelem, Dresden 2005, ISBN 3-935712-18-9 .
  • Claudia-Anja Kaune: Willy Hellpach (1877–1955). Biography of a liberal politician of the Weimar Republic. Lang, Bern 2005, ISBN 3-631-53851-0 .
  • Horst Gundlach: Willy Hellpachs social and ethnic psychology under the aspect of dealing with race ideology . In: Racial myth and social sciences in Germany. A repressed chapter of social science impact history (= contributions to social science research. Volume 85). VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften , 1987, ISBN 3-531-11873-0 , pp. 242-276.
  • Gernot Huppmann: The medical psychology of Willy Hellpachs (1877–1955). In: Würzburg medical history reports. Volume 23, 2004, pp. 19-38.

Web links

Commons : Willy Hellpach  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Gernot Huppmann: The medical psychology of Willy Hellpachs (1877–1955). In: Würzburger medical historical reports 23, 2004, pp. 19–38; here: p. 20.
  2. ↑ Gernot Huppmann (2004), p. 20.
  3. ^ Wolfgang U. Eckart : Medicine and War. Germany 1914-1924. Ferdinand Schöningh Verlag, 2014, p. 27, ISBN 978-3-506-75677-0 .
  4. ^ Members of the HAdW since it was founded in 1909. Willy Hellpach. Heidelberg Academy of Sciences, accessed July 2, 2016 .
  5. ↑ Gernot Huppmann (2004), p. 20.
  6. ↑ Gernot Huppmann (2004), p. 34 f.
  7. ^ Hellpach (1946).
  8. ↑ Gernot Huppmann (2004), pp. 29–35.
  9. ↑ Gernot Huppmann (2004), p. 21.
  10. ↑ Gernot Huppmann (2004), p. 26 f.
  11. ^ Johannes Hirschberger: The Philosophers' Congress of Garmisch-Partenkirchen 1947, in: Philosophisches Jahrbuch 58 (1948) 69–73, here 73.
personal data
SURNAME Hellpach, Willy
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hellpach, Willy Hugo; Gystrow, Ernst (pseudonym)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German physician, psychologist and politician (DDP), MdR
DATE OF BIRTH February 26, 1877
PLACE OF BIRTH Oils
DATE OF DEATH July 6, 1955
Place of death Heidelberg