Herz-Jesu-Kirche (Bilsdorf)

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Herz-Jesu-Kirche (Bilsdorf)

The Sacred Heart Church is a Roman Catholic parish church in Bilsdorf , in the municipality of Nalbach in the Saarland district Saarlouis . She bears the patronage of devotion to the Sacred Heart of Jesus . As part of the 2020 structural reform in the Diocese of Trier , the parish community of Nalbach was established on September 1, 2011 with the independent parishes of St. Peter and Paul in Nalbach, St. John the Baptist in Piesbach , Herz Jesu in Bilsdorf and St. Michael in Körprich .

history

Bilsdorf, old chapel
Herz-Jesu-Kirche (Bilsdorf), building draft with baroque onion and octagonal tip

In Bilsdorf in 1891, on the initiative of Johann Didas, a Bilsdorf resident, a collection of donations was started to enable the construction of a chapel . The community turned to a plot of land in Won "On the Hübel" available on the previously a place of worship had stood. Holy mass was held in the new chapel by the Nalbach pastor and his chaplain on two days of the week. The pastor Wilhelm Schröder from Nalbach and his successor Richard Meffert planned the construction of a new church for Bilsdorf and Körprich on the boundary between the two villages. However, the residents of the two places could not come to an agreement and planned a separate sacred building for each village.

In 1921 Bilsdorf was raised to the external chaplaincy of Nalbach. Jakob Cornelius, who until then had been the chaplain of the Roden church Maria Himmelfahrt , was appointed parish vicar in Bilsdorf on October 30, 1921 . A rectory was built in 1921–1922. The community members had done the earthworks on a voluntary basis. In 1939 Bilsdorf was raised to the rank of vicarie , which, however, did not yet have its own asset management. Bilsdorf became a parish with its own property management in 1946. As a result, the old chapel from 1891 was torn down in 1949. The foundation stone for the new building was laid on September 1, 1949 . The current church was built by 1951 and was designed by Saarwellingen architects Heinrich Latz (father of landscape architect Peter Latz ) and Toni Laub . On June 3, 1951, Prelate Carl Kammer and Dillingen dean Michael Held were able to bless the new church together with Bilsdorf Vicar Karl Weller in the presence of the Saarland Interior Minister Edgar Hector . Before the Saar referendum on January 13, 1935, Hector had arranged meetings of Nazi opponents in the Bilsdorf rectory with the Bilsdorf pastor Nikolaus Demmer, who was a member of the Catholic Center Party .

The pastor Nikolaus Demmer (1892–1954) from Nunkirchen fled to the Saar area under the administration of the League of Nations in 1933 after the National Socialist seizure of power and several brief arrests due to massive opposition to the NS regime von Mandern . The then Nalbach pastor Richard Meffert, who was friends with Demmer, provided Demmer with a new provisional pastoral care center in Bilsdorf on April 1, 1933. But even at his new position in Bilsdorf, Pastor Demmer not only positioned himself from the pulpit against the National Socialists from 1933 to 1935, but, contrary to the political stance of his Trier shepherd Franz Rudolf Bornewasser, permanently warned in numerous publications against a reintegration of the Saar area to the National Socialist ruled the German Reich, which he branded as an injustice state. Demmer, who was a member of the Catholic Center Party , arranged meetings of Nazi opponents from Saarlouis in the Bilsdorf rectory . B. Edgar Hector . These meetings were watched with suspicion by Jakob Weyrich, the headmaster and local group leader of the Nazi organization “Deutsche Front Bilsdorf”. Weyrich had Demmer spied on and put the SA on him, which tried several times between 1933 and 1934 to kidnap the pastor into the Reich. On April 26, 1934 an arrest warrant was issued against Demmer because of the anti-fascist intention of his sermons and alleged offenses against the treachery law . Demmer had publicly warned that National Socialism would lead to catastrophe in the world. Just one day later, on April 26, 1934, the Trier vicar general suspended him for political "agitation" in the Saar area according to canon 2222 . At the instigation of the Trier bishop Demmer was asked on August 15, 1934 to leave the Saar area.

In the years from 1933 to 1935, the Bilsdorf local group leader Weyrich brought all Bilsdorf associations to his political line with regard to the vote on the reintegration of the Saar region into the German Empire. As a result of the overwhelming victory of the supporters of reintegration and the takeover of power by the NSDAP in the Saar area, Demmer, who was no longer safe from attacks in the Bilsdorf rectory, had to flee from the Saarland to relatives in Lorraine on January 15, 1935. Since his application for a residence permit was rejected there, Demmer fled on to Redingen an der Attert in Luxembourg to the Franciscan Sisters . When Demmer described the National Socialists as a “brown plague” in a letter to the Allgemeine Lebensversicherungsanstalt in early 1938 , new measures were taken against him and an arrest warrant for “insidious attack” on the state and the party was issued. On July 3, 1939, Demmer's German citizenship was revoked. After the attack by the German Wehrmacht on the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg on May 10, 1940, Demmer was able to hide with two families in Redingen until the end of the war. Due to the small diet of that time and the constant stay in a dark room, Demmer became seriously ill with scurvy and stomach ulcers . After the liberation Demmer was appointed pastor of Dasburg in the Eifel at the end of 1945 and in 1951 from Weiten due to health reasons . Demmer died in Weiten in 1954 and was buried in the cemetery of his home parish Nunkirchen.

Until the completion of the Bilsdorf Church, the sacristy with the baptistery served as an emergency church .

It was not until 1958 that it was separated from the mother parish in Nalbach, and in 1961 it was elevated to a parish .

Architecture and equipment

  • Tower front

  • Side view of the tower

  • outer choir part

  • Interior of the church with a view of the apse

  • Crucifixion group with allegory of the Ekklesia (left) and Roman centurion (right)

  • Baptismal font in the baptistery

  • Inside the church with a view of the organ

  • Sacred Heart of Jesus figure

  • Mary figure

  • Station of the cross

  • Saint Elizabeth

  • tabernacle

The church was built in the style of Romanizing abstraction historicism . It is a hall church with a central tower and a retracted, just closing choir . Most of the windows close with romanized round arches . The massive tower rises on a square floor plan with no visible floor plan. Loopholes-like window openings lead over to the bell storey, which opens in front and to the sides in round-arched sound windows . On the side of the tower facing the nave there are three smaller, high-rectangular windows. The green patinated spire is covered with sheet copper and is designed as a high, over-angled, four-sided kink helmet. Originally the tower was provisionally only covered with a low pyramid roof, on which the high helmet was put on later. The design drawing by Heinrich Latz and Toni Laub also provided for a mighty, baroque-style onion hood with an octagonal pointed helmet. The choir has moved in and is illuminated by three arched windows on each side. The choir wall opens up with a small wheel window. The church roof is covered with slate . The building is plastered and painted white.

The inner walls of the five-axis sacred building are structured by pilaster strips . The church ceiling is designed as a stepped beam ceiling with exposed roof beams in the middle and a simple hanging truss, which gives the room a barn-like, rustic character and refers to the rural history of the village. The stepped ceiling gives the room a three-aisled impression. The architects Ludwig Becker and Anton Falkowski ( Mainz ) had chosen a similar ceiling solution between 1930 and 1933 in the Marienkirche in the nearby Schmelz-Außen . Modern wheel chandeliers hang down from the church ceiling in Bilsdorf .

The church is equipped with a statue of the Virgin Mary and a statue of the Sacred Heart of Jesus. The two colored sculptures carved in rustic wood were made in 1951 by the sculptor Jakob Adlhart (Hallein near Salzburg). Adlhart designed Jesus' red robe so that it is reminiscent of a web of blood vessels . The nail wounds of Jesus indicate the crucifixion. With both hands, Jesus points to his thorn-wrapped heart, which is surrounded by a wreath of rays and from which flames leap up and flicker around a small cross. The position of the feet indicates that Jesus wants to approach the viewer. The figure of Mary shows the Mother of God as a young woman with a reddish tunic, bluish cloak and white veil. Her head is surrounded by the apocalyptic wreath of stars. Further apocalyptic attributes (sun dress, crescent moon) of the Mulier-Amicta-Sole vision from the Revelation of John ( Rev 12,1  EU ) are missing. Mary holds the small, diapered Jesus boy in front of her breast towards the viewer. The baby Jesus raised his hands in a gesture of blessing .

The unmounted wooden statue of St. Elisabeth of Thuringia in late Gothic design was created by the Bilsdorf amateur carver Nikolaus Dell.

On the choir wall there is a crucifixion group from the Maria-Laacher art school in a flat, high and narrow arched niche . The two assistant figures of the crucified, clothed and crowned Christ are a crowned allegory of Ecclesia with a chalice as a symbol of Christianity (left) and the Roman centurion with a lance as a symbol of paganism (right). Both looks turn to the crucified. While the Ecclesia holds up the chalice to collect the blood of Jesus, the Roman centurion makes contact with the dying Jesus with his raised right hand. Jesus' gaze rests on the figure of Ecclesia. Overall, the figures have a Romanizing habit, as was common in Maria Laach's workshops at the time.

The tabernacle is set into the wall below the crucifixion group. The single-leaf door is divided into four rectangular fields which, clockwise, show the symbols of the evangelists John, Luke, Mark and Matthew. The fields in silver drifting in gold frames are separated from each other by a cross made of narrow red ribbons. The vertical rectangle, which is formed from the four evangelist embossing works, is also surrounded by a narrow red frame. The outer frame is an archaic hammered gold frame, the corners of which are adorned with small cross plates with four red squares. The metalwork was carried out by the Saarbrücken master goldsmith Karl Mittermüller.

organ

Prospectus of the Mayer organ

The organ of the church was built in 1956 by Hugo Mayer Orgelbau using older material. The cone chest instrument with a housing- free , two-tone free pipe prospectus has 19 stops , divided into two manuals and a pedal . The game and stop action is electro-pneumatic. The disposition is as follows:

I Hauptwerk C – g 3
1. Praestant 8th'
2. Flûte noir 8th'
3. Salizional 8th'
4th Octave 4 ′
5. Night horn 4 ′
6th Minor principal 2 ′
7th mixture IV
8th. Trumpet 8th'
II Positive C-g 3
9. Singing dumped 8th'
10. Principal 4 ′
11. recorder 4 ′
12. Forest flute 2 ′
13. Cymbel III-IV
14th Sesquialter II
Tremulant
Pedal C – f 1
15th Sub bass 16 ′
16. Octave bass 8th'
17th Covered bass 8th'
18th Choral bass 4 ′
19th trombone 16 ′
  • Pairing :
    • Normal coupling: II / I, I / P, II / P
    • Sub-octave coupling: II / I
  • Playing aids : 2 free combinations, 1 × free pedal combination, tutti, crescendo roller, individual tongue storage

Bells

In 1889, the Mabilon bell foundry in Saarburg produced a bell (40 kg) for Bilsdorf. Mabilon again delivered a bell (75 kg) in 1894. With the elevation to the parish in 1961, four bells (d, e, f sharp, a) were hung in the tower of the Sacred Heart Church.

Pastor

Herz-Jesu-Kirche (Bilsdorf), former rectory next to the church

The pastoral care of the parish has been provided by the following clergy:

  • Jakob Cornelius: 1921–1927
  • Nikolaus Kolling: 1929–1932

In the years 1932 to 1936, the parish of Bilsdorf was co-administered by the pastor of Nalbach.

  • 1932–1935: Richard Meffert (pastor of Nalbach)
  • 1935–1936: Josef Jungbluth (pastor of Nalbach)
  • Peter Stricker: 1936–1944
  • Karl Weller: 1944–1954
  • Ignaz Fuhrmann: 1954–1958
  • Willi Neurohr: 1958–1986
  • Josef Groß: 1986–1990
  • Erich Fuchs: 1991-2000
  • Wolfgang Goebel: 2001–2011
  • Manfred Plunien: 2012 ad multos annos

graveyard

In the Middle Ages, all the dead in the village of Bilsdorf were buried in the Nalbach churchyard . Burials at the Körprich Michaelskapelle took place for the first time in the years 1695 to 1705, when Körprich, which of all Nalbach valley communities was the furthest away from the Nalbacher St. Peter and Paul , was striving for greater church independence from Nalbach. When the Gothic Nalbach church was demolished in 1762 in favor of a new baroque building and the Nalbach churchyard was therefore not verifiable, all the dead in the Nalbach valley were buried in the churchyard of the Körprich chapel for four weeks. Afterwards, however, the Nalbacher Kirchhof was used again until 1867. A plan to bury the dead from Körprich and Bilsdorf in a common cemetery failed in 1866. As a result, the cemetery around the Korprich Michaelskapelle was reopened in Körprich. The dead from Bilsdorf continued to be brought to Nalbach, where a new cemetery was set up in 1868 on the site between Fußbachstrasse and Galgenberg. This cemetery was designed as a cemetery for Nalbach, Piesbach, Bettstadt, Bilsdorf and Diefflen. He lost this function with the establishment of his own cemeteries in the individual villages of the Nalbach valley in connection with the church's separation from the Nalbach mother parish. The centuries-old churchyard at the Nalbacher church was leveled in the following period.

It was only when Bilsdorf was elevated to the status of the external chaplain of Nalbach in 1921 that a separate cemetery was established above the village. Here one was in 1973 mortuary for laying out the dead built, which were laid out in the rooms of the houses to date three days.

literature

  • District of Saarlouis (ed.), Georg Colesie: History of the Nalbacher valley. A Saarland homeland story. 2nd edition, Nalbach 1990.
  • Dieter Lorig: Bilsdorfer parish history 1892–2012. Self-published , Bilsdorf 2012.

Web links

Commons : Herz-Jesu-Kirche (Bilsdorf)  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hans Peter Buchleitner: Cultural Reconstruction in Saarland 1945-1955. A text and picture work. I. Volume, reconstruction, new construction and expansion of churches, chapels, monasteries, parish and youth homes, community houses, etc. in the state capital as in the districts of Saarlouis and Merzig-Wadern. Saarbrücken 1955, p. 80.
  2. ↑ Hans Peter Buchleitner: Cultural Reconstruction in Saarland 1945-1955. A text and picture work. I. Volume, reconstruction, new construction and expansion of churches, chapels, monasteries, parish and youth homes, community houses, etc. in the state capital as in the districts of Saarlouis and Merzig-Wadern. Saarbrücken 1955, p. 76.
  3. ↑ a b Short biography of Nikolaus Demmer at Saarland Biografien , last accessed on September 6, 2018.
  4. ↑ a b Trier Biographical Lexicon , p. 78.
  5. ^ Dieter Lorig: Resistance in the village against Adolf Hitler's henchmen. Courageous Bilsdorf pastor foresaw disaster. In: Saarbrücker Zeitung , local edition Dillingen-Saarlouis, from June 22, 2004.
  6. ↑ a b http://www.mahnmal-trier.de/Personen/demmer.htm , accessed on December 20, 2016.
  7. ^ Dieter Lorig: Resistance in the village against Adolf Hitler's henchmen. Courageous Bilsdorf pastor foresaw disaster. In: Saarbrücker Zeitung , local edition Dillingen-Saarlouis, from June 22, 2004.
  8. ^ Anton Biwer: seizure of power in the high forest. In: Yearbook of the Trier-Saarburg District 1998 , pp. 173–186.
  9. ↑ Personal files in the diocese archive in Trier, section 85.294, pages 245 ff.
  10. ^ Joseph Meuniers: German pastor hidden in Luxembourg. In: Rappel , 3rd year 2004, pp. 425-430.
  11. ↑ a b c d Information on the parish church Herz Jesu On: www.kunstlexikonsaar.de, accessed on April 4, 2015
  12. ↑ Georg Colesie: History of the Nalbach Valley. A Saarland homeland story. 2nd edition, Nalbach 1990, pp. 190-191, pp. 224-226.
  13. ↑ Dieter Lorig: "Herz-Jesu" celebrates its anniversary . In: Saarbrücker Zeitung from February 1, 2011.
  14. ↑ Dieter Lorig: ... In: Saarbrücker Zeitung from 26./27. September 2009. (“SZ-Extra-Momente” section)
  15. ↑ Hans Peter Buchleitner: Cultural Reconstruction in Saarland 1945-1955. A text and picture work. I. Volume, reconstruction, new construction and expansion of churches, chapels, monasteries, parish and youth homes, community houses, etc. in the state capital as in the districts of Saarlouis and Merzig-Wadern. Saarbrücken 1955, p. 76.
  16. ^ Hans Peter Buchleitner: Cultural Reconstruction in the Saarland. A text and picture, Volume II, additions to the church structure in Saarbrücken and in the parishes of both Christian denominations of the Saarlouis and Merzig-Wadern districts. Saarbrücken 1959, p. 33.
  17. ↑ Organ of the Herz-Jesu-Kirche Bilsdorf on: www.organindex.de, accessed on July 27, 2014.
  18. ↑ Bernhard H. Bonkhoff: The bells of the Saarland, Saarbrücken 1997, p 97th
  19. ↑ Georg Colesie: History of the Nalbach Valley. A Saarland homeland story. 2nd edition, Nalbach 1990, pp. 190-191, pp. 224-226.
  20. ↑ Dieter Lorig: "Herz-Jesu" celebrates its anniversary . In: Saarbrücker Zeitung from February 1, 2011.
  21. ↑ Dieter Lorig: ... In: Saarbrücker Zeitung from 26./27. September 2009. (“SZ-Extra-Momente” section)
  22. ↑ Georg Colesie: History of the Nalbach Valley. A Saarland homeland story. 2nd edition, Nalbach 1990, p. 226.
  23. ↑ http://www.saarbruecker-zeitung.de/saarland/saarlouis/nalbach/bilsdorf/Bilsdorf-Jesu-Pfarrei;art446431,3614463,0 , accessed on December 22, 2016.
  24. ↑ Georg Colesie: History of the Nalbach Valley. A Saarland homeland story. 2nd edition, Nalbach 1990, p. 196, pp. 227-228.
  25. ↑ Georg Colesie: History of the Nalbach Valley. A Saarland homeland story. 2nd edition, Nalbach 1990, p. 222.

Coordinates: 49 ° 23 ′ 1.6 ″  N , 6 ° 49 ′ 21.2 ″  E