Hodod
Hodod war village Hadad |
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Basic data | ||||
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State : | Romania | |||
Historical region : | Screeching area | |||
Circle : | Satu Mare | |||
Coordinates : | 47 ° 24 ' N , 23 ° 2' E | |||
Time zone : | EET ( UTC +2) | |||
Height : | 259 m | |||
Area : | 76.88 km² | |||
Residents : | 3,056 (October 20, 2011) | |||
Population density : | 40 inhabitants per km² | |||
Postal code : | 447155 | |||
Telephone code : | (+40) 02 61 | |||
License plate : | SM | |||
Structure and administration (as of 2016) | ||||
Community type : | local community | |||
Structure : | Hodod, Giurtelecu Hododului , Lelei , Nadișu Hododului | |||
Mayor : | Francisc Balog ( UDMR ) | |||
Postal address : | Str. Principală, no. 164 loc. Hodod, jud. Satu Mare, RO-447155 |
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Website : |
Hodod ( Hungarian Hadad [ hɒdɒd ], German Kriegsdorf ) is a municipality in the Satu Mare district in Romania .
The municipality of Hodod consists of four villages:
Romanian ( endonym ) | Hungarian ( exonym ) | German ( exonym ) |
---|---|---|
Hodod | Hadad | War village |
Giurtelecu Hododului | Hadadgyőrtelek | Wüst Jörgen, Georgius |
Nadişu Hododului | Hadadnádasd | Hungarian Rohrdorf, Rohrfeld |
Lelei | Lele | Lellen |
geography
The municipality of Hodod, located in the hills of Codru , is located in the extreme southeast of Satu Mare County and is bordered by Bogdand Municipality to the west , Maramureș County to the north and Sălaj County to the east and south .
The place Hodod, located on the county road ( Drum județean ) DJ 196, is about 10 kilometers west of the small town of Cehu Silvaniei in the Kr. Sălaj; the district capital Satu Mare is located about 70 kilometers north of Hodod.
History of the Kriegsdorf settlement
The German settlement Kriegsdorf in Hadad looks back on 270 years of history. It did not come into being as a new municipality, but as part of a village that was already known from the Middle Ages and was documented as Adod (Hadad) Castle as early as 1368.
On February 4, 1750, Baron Franciscus III. Wesselényi, as chief clan of the Central Szolnok County, holds a county assembly in his castle in Hadad, in which Baron Wolfgang Banffy von Trestenburg (Tasnad) also takes part. The decision is made to settle German, Protestant families on the property. The settlers should be exempt from taxes for the first five years. Wesselényi turns to the Margraviate of Baden-Durlach. The first settlers settled in between 1750 and 1751, others were added later through resettlement or marriage from Mühlbach, Iklad, Tasnad. The places of origin are in the Markgräfler-Land (Grenzach, Brombach, Langenau, Gersbach, Ihringen), and in Austria (Styria, Carinthia).
After the end of the Second World War and the Romanian Revolution in 1989, most of the Germans left the village and now live mainly in Germany, Austria and Canada.
In 2009 the hometown community of the former Kriegsdorfer was founded. The HOG Kriegsdorf e. V. sees itself as an independent community that pursues the preservation and promotion of the idea of home and the feeling of togetherness of all Kriegsdorfer regardless of belief, origin or nationality.
Demographics
Ethnic groups in the entire municipality (2002 census)
912 people live in the village of Hodod, including 717 Hungarians, 78 Roma, 72 Romanians and 44 Germans.
Censuses in Hadad¹
The statistics of the censuses for Hadad showed the following ethnic compositions since 1941:
year |
Total-
population |
Romanians | Hungary | German | Other | Jews | Gypsies |
1941 | 2128 | 114 | 1185 | 648 | 181 | 98 | 77 |
1956¹ | 5878 | 1926 | 3463 | 451 | 38 | 5 | 32 |
1966 | 1688 | 117 | 1199 | 371 | 1 | ||
1977 | 1527 | 120 | 1041 | 342 | 24 | 22nd | |
1992 | 1026 | 70 | 867 | 48 | 41 | 41 | |
2002 | 912 | 64 | 723 | 46 | 79 | 78 |
¹ In the 1956 census, the communities belonging to Hadad (Giurtelecu Hododului, Lelei and Nadisul-Hododului) were also taken into account. But since there have been no Germans in these communities for all these years, the number of Germans for Hadad (451) seems realistic
Statistics by religion
year | Ges. | Orth. | Size K. | RK | Refor. | Evang. | Unit. | Israel. | A.Ges. | Bapt. | Pentecost |
1930 | 2077 | 3 | 143 | 17th | 1146 | 561 | 102 | 105 | 103 | ||
1941 | 2128 | 2 | 132 | 35 | 1164 | 513 | 100 | 182 | 182 | ||
1992 | 1026 | 51 | 9 | 47 | 771 | 3 + 1 * | 2 | 142 | 78 | 45 | |
2002 | 912 | 56 | 4th | 13 | 692 | 1 + 14 * | 1 | 131 | 68 | 55 |
Legend: Ges. = Total, orth. = Orthodox, Gr. K. = Greek Catholic, RK = Roman Catholic, Refor. = Reformed, Evang. = Evangelical, Unit. = Unitarius, Israel. = Israelites, A.Ges. = Other total, Bapt. = Baptists, Pentecost. = Pentecostal
Source: * (not understandable for the editors)
Inhabitants per village (2002 census)
- Giurtelecu Hododului: 816
- Hodod: 912
- Lelei: 662
- Nadișu Hododului: 809
Religion (2002 census)
In 2002 the religious composition of the community was as follows:
- Reformed : 60.26%
- Orthodox : 27.57%
- Baptists : 7.87%
- Pentecostals : 1.71%
- Catholics : 0.84%
- Seventh-day Adventists : 0.56%
language
The official language is Romanian . Hungarian is predominantly spoken in Hodod, Nadișu Hododului and Lelei . In Giurtelecu Hododului one speaks mainly Romanian. The Roma speak Romani (language of the Sinti and Roma). A small minority speaks German .
In villages with a predominantly Hungarian population, it is common to use the Hungarian place names (Hadad Hadadgyőrtelek, Hadadnádasd, Lele).
politics
The council of the municipality of Hodod has 13 councilors. Francisc Balog (UDMR) was elected mayor in local elections in June 2016.
Local elections of June 2016. | |
Political party | number of Council members |
---|---|
Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania Uniunea Democrată Maghiară din România (UDMR) |
9 |
National Liberal Party Partidul Național Liberal (PNL) |
1 |
Social Democratic Party Partidul Social Democrat (PSD) |
1 |
Alliance of Liberals and Democrats Alianța Liberalilor și Democraților (ALDE) |
1 |
Hungarian Citizens' Party Partidul Civic Magiar - Magyar Polgári Párt (PCM) |
1 |
education
There is a primary school in Hodod with branches in the villages of Nadișu, Giurtelecu and Lelei.
economy
Agriculture
The municipality's economy is mainly based on agriculture, livestock and beekeeping.
market
In Hodod there is a big market on the first Monday of every month.
Born in Hodod
- Mariska Ady (1888–1977), was a writer and poet; Endre Ady's niece
- Béla Kun (1886–1938), born in Lelei, was a Hungarian politician
- Virgil Măgureanu (* 1941), born in Giurtelecu Hododului, was the head of the Romanian Information Service from 1990 to 1997 .
literature
- Oskar Römer, Fritz Ruland: Kriegsdorf a German island in the northwest corner of Romania. The history of the Germans in Kriegsdorf (Hadad) from 1750 to 1937 . Waldkraiburg, HOG Kriegsdorf, 2012, p. 43.
- Georg Erdei (ed.): The end of a German settlement in the Sathmarer Land. The story of the Germans from Kriegsdorf (Hadad) 1938 to 2014 . Waldkraiburg, HOG Kriegsdorf, 2014, p. 259.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ 2011 census in Romania at citypopulation.de
- ↑ a b c Stichting Barátok România
- ^ Johann Bappert: Historical overview of the German settlement Kriegsdorf / Hadad , on the HOG Kriegsdorf
- ^ Statutes of Heimatortsgemeinschaft Kriegsdorf eV. Accessed on May 28, 2020 .
- ↑ a b c Romanian Census, 2002
- ↑ Ethnic settlements in Satu Mare County, accessed on February 24, 2011 (PDF; 648 kB)
- ↑ E. Varga: Statistics of the population by ethnic group in the Brașov district according to censuses from 1850–2002 (Hungarian; PDF; 784 kB)
- ^ List of candidates on the Hodod Municipality website
- ↑ List of Romanian schools ( Memento from August 17, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Virgil Măgureanu: misteriosul “Dom'Profesor”, comploturile și trădările sale on October 23, 2015 at aesgs.ro, accessed on May 15, 2020 (Romanian).