Hodod

Romanian ( endonym )	Hungarian ( exonym )	German ( exonym )
Hodod	Hadad	War village
Giurtelecu Hododului	Hadadgyőrtelek	Wüst Jörgen, Georgius
Nadişu Hododului	Hadadnádasd	Hungarian Rohrdorf, Rohrfeld
Lelei	Lele	Lellen

geography

Location of Hodod in Satu Mare County

Hodod, Hungarian Reformed Church

Nadisu

Giurtelecu Hododului, Romanian Orthodox Church

Lelei

Lelei, wooden church

Hodod, market

Hodod, Jewish cemetery

The municipality of Hodod, located in the hills of Codru , is located in the extreme southeast of Satu Mare County and is bordered by Bogdand Municipality to the west , Maramureș County to the north and Sălaj County to the east and south .

The place Hodod, located on the county road ( Drum județean ) DJ 196, is about 10 kilometers west of the small town of Cehu Silvaniei in the Kr. Sălaj; the district capital Satu Mare is located about 70 kilometers north of Hodod.

History of the Kriegsdorf settlement

The German settlement Kriegsdorf in Hadad looks back on 270 years of history. It did not come into being as a new municipality, but as part of a village that was already known from the Middle Ages and was documented as Adod (Hadad) Castle as early as 1368.

On February 4, 1750, Baron Franciscus III. Wesselényi, as chief clan of the Central Szolnok County, holds a county assembly in his castle in Hadad, in which Baron Wolfgang Banffy von Trestenburg (Tasnad) also takes part. The decision is made to settle German, Protestant families on the property. The settlers should be exempt from taxes for the first five years. Wesselényi turns to the Margraviate of Baden-Durlach. The first settlers settled in between 1750 and 1751, others were added later through resettlement or marriage from Mühlbach, Iklad, Tasnad. The places of origin are in the Markgräfler-Land (Grenzach, Brombach, Langenau, Gersbach, Ihringen), and in Austria (Styria, Carinthia).

After the end of the Second World War and the Romanian Revolution in 1989, most of the Germans left the village and now live mainly in Germany, Austria and Canada.

In 2009 the hometown community of the former Kriegsdorfer was founded. The HOG Kriegsdorf e. V. sees itself as an independent community that pursues the preservation and promotion of the idea of home and the feeling of togetherness of all Kriegsdorfer regardless of belief, origin or nationality.

Demographics

Ethnic groups in the entire municipality (2002 census)

Magyars : 2166 (67.70%)
Romanians : 907 (28.35%)
Roma : 79 (2.46%)
Germans : 46 (1.43%)

912 people live in the village of Hodod, including 717 Hungarians, 78 Roma, 72 Romanians and 44 Germans.

Censuses in Hadad¹

The statistics of the censuses for Hadad showed the following ethnic compositions since 1941:

year	Total- population	Romanians	Hungary	German	Other	Jews	Gypsies
1941	2128	114	1185	648	181	98	77
1956¹	5878	1926	3463	451	38	5	32
1966	1688	117	1199	371	1
1977	1527	120	1041	342	24		22nd
1992	1026	70	867	48	41		41
2002	912	64	723	46	79		78

¹ In the 1956 census, the communities belonging to Hadad (Giurtelecu Hododului, Lelei and Nadisul-Hododului) were also taken into account. But since there have been no Germans in these communities for all these years, the number of Germans for Hadad (451) seems realistic

Statistics by religion

year	Ges.	Orth.	Size K.	RK	Refor.	Evang.	Unit.	Israel.	A.Ges.	Bapt.	Pentecost
1930	2077	3	143	17th	1146	561		102	105	103
1941	2128	2	132	35	1164	513		100	182	182
1992	1026	51	9	47	771	3 + 1 *	2		142	78	45
2002	912	56	4th	13	692	1 + 14 *	1		131	68	55

Legend: Ges. = Total, orth. = Orthodox, Gr. K. = Greek Catholic, RK = Roman Catholic, Refor. = Reformed, Evang. = Evangelical, Unit. = Unitarius, Israel. = Israelites, A.Ges. = Other total, Bapt. = Baptists, Pentecost. = Pentecostal

Source: * (not understandable for the editors)

Inhabitants per village (2002 census)

Giurtelecu Hododului: 816
Hodod: 912
Lelei: 662
Nadișu Hododului: 809

Religion (2002 census)

In 2002 the religious composition of the community was as follows:

Reformed : 60.26%
Orthodox : 27.57%
Baptists : 7.87%
Pentecostals : 1.71%
Catholics : 0.84%
Seventh-day Adventists : 0.56%

language

The official language is Romanian . Hungarian is predominantly spoken in Hodod, Nadișu Hododului and Lelei . In Giurtelecu Hododului one speaks mainly Romanian. The Roma speak Romani (language of the Sinti and Roma). A small minority speaks German .

In villages with a predominantly Hungarian population, it is common to use the Hungarian place names (Hadad Hadadgyőrtelek, Hadadnádasd, Lele).

politics

The council of the municipality of Hodod has 13 councilors. Francisc Balog (UDMR) was elected mayor in local elections in June 2016.

Political party	number of Council members
Local elections of June 2016.
Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania Uniunea Democrată Maghiară din România (UDMR)	9
National Liberal Party Partidul Național Liberal (PNL)	1
Social Democratic Party Partidul Social Democrat (PSD)	1
Alliance of Liberals and Democrats Alianța Liberalilor și Democraților (ALDE)	1
Hungarian Citizens' Party Partidul Civic Magiar - Magyar Polgári Párt (PCM)	1

education

There is a primary school in Hodod with branches in the villages of Nadișu, Giurtelecu and Lelei.

economy

Agriculture

The municipality's economy is mainly based on agriculture, livestock and beekeeping.

market

In Hodod there is a big market on the first Monday of every month.

Born in Hodod

Mariska Ady (1888–1977), was a writer and poet; Endre Ady's niece

Béla Kun (1886–1938), born in Lelei, was a Hungarian politician

Virgil Măgureanu (* 1941), born in Giurtelecu Hododului, was the head of the Romanian Information Service from 1990 to 1997 .

literature

Oskar Römer, Fritz Ruland: Kriegsdorf a German island in the northwest corner of Romania. The history of the Germans in Kriegsdorf (Hadad) from 1750 to 1937 . Waldkraiburg, HOG Kriegsdorf, 2012, p. 43.
Georg Erdei (ed.): The end of a German settlement in the Sathmarer Land. The story of the Germans from Kriegsdorf (Hadad) 1938 to 2014 . Waldkraiburg, HOG Kriegsdorf, 2014, p. 259.

Web links

Commons : Hodod - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

↑ 2011 census in Romania at citypopulation.de
↑ ^a ^b ^c Stichting Barátok România
^ Johann Bappert: Historical overview of the German settlement Kriegsdorf / Hadad , on the HOG Kriegsdorf
^ Statutes of Heimatortsgemeinschaft Kriegsdorf eV. Accessed on May 28, 2020 .
↑ ^a ^b ^c Romanian Census, 2002
↑ Ethnic settlements in Satu Mare County, accessed on February 24, 2011 (PDF; 648 kB)
↑ E. Varga: Statistics of the population by ethnic group in the Brașov district according to censuses from 1850–2002 (Hungarian; PDF; 784 kB)
^ List of candidates on the Hodod Municipality website
↑ List of Romanian schools ( Memento from August 17, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
↑ Virgil Măgureanu: misteriosul “Dom'Profesor”, comploturile și trădările sale on October 23, 2015 at aesgs.ro, accessed on May 15, 2020 (Romanian).

[1] 2011 census in Romania at citypopulation.de

[Stichting_Barátok_România-2] Stichting Barátok România

[3] Johann Bappert: Historical overview of the German settlement Kriegsdorf / Hadad , on the HOG Kriegsdorf

[4] Statutes of Heimatortsgemeinschaft Kriegsdorf eV. Accessed on May 28, 2020 .

[Rumänischen_Volkszählung,_2002-5] Romanian Census, 2002

[Ethnische_Siedlungen_im_Kreis_Satu_Mare-6] Ethnic settlements in Satu Mare County, accessed on February 24, 2011 (PDF; 648 kB)

[7] E. Varga: Statistics of the population by ethnic group in the Brașov district according to censuses from 1850–2002 (Hungarian; PDF; 784 kB)

[8] List of candidates on the Hodod Municipality website

[Liste_der_rumänischen_Schulen-9] List of Romanian schools ( Memento from August 17, 2011 in the Internet Archive )

[10] Virgil Măgureanu: misteriosul “Dom'Profesor”, comploturile și trădările sale on October 23, 2015 at aesgs.ro, accessed on May 15, 2020 (Romanian).