Hohenlohisch

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Hohenlohisch

Spoken in

Baden-Württemberg
Linguistic
classification

As Hohenlohisch dialect that is Upper German dialect in the northeastern Baden-Württemberg called. Hohenlohisch is part of the East Franconian dialect group . The state border with Bavaria is not a dialect border here, rather, in the Bavarian border area, closely related influences are spoken. The district of Schwäbisch Hall , the Hohenlohe district and the area of ​​the former district of Mergentheim (now part of the Main-Tauber district ) are usually included in the Hohenlohe language area . Recently, the Bad Mergentheim area has also been incorrectly assigned to the Tauber-Franconian dialect area, probably because it belongs to the Main-Tauber district. However, there are no major differences between these dialect areas.

Characteristic

The term Hohenlohisch is derived from the noble family of Hohenlohe , who ruled in several smaller principalities in the Hohenlohe region named after this family . At the beginning of the 19th century Hohenlohe came mainly to Württemberg , and to a lesser extent to Bavaria ( Schillingsfürst ). It was only in the course of the last few decades that the term Hohenlohisch developed into a dialect.

Within this dialect area there are significant differences, not only in the pronunciation of vowels and especially of the s-sound ( [⁠ s ⁠] or [⁠ ʃ ⁠] ), but often also in the used vocabulary. The dialect in the old district of Crailsheim is closer to the dialect spoken in the Ansbach area , probably also due to the earlier political affiliation. Around 1900 the Crailsheimers did not call and feel themselves to be Hohenlohe, but rather Ansbach, because their area belonged to the Hohenzollern Principality of Ansbach for centuries until 1810 . There are also not inconsiderable dialect differences between the Kocher and Jagst valleys. Sometimes the dialect changes significantly from one village to the next. All in all, the Hohenlohe language varies much more regionally than the Swabian dialect.

Since French troops were camped in Hohenlohe at the time of the French Revolution , there are some French loanwords in Hohenlohe, including malad .

Since it belonged to Württemberg as part of the so-called Napoleonic land consolidation ( secularization and mediatization 1803 to 1810), the Hohenloh dialect has been under strong pressure to adapt from Swabian, as large parts of the dignitaries ( pastors , teachers , civil servants ) come from Swabian, which is why especially in the Schwäbisch Hall area (officially only Hall until 1934 ) the old Hallish-Franconian dialect is increasingly being replaced by Swabian. One can often observe that Hohenloher does not lapse into High German when talking to strangers, but rather uses what is known as notable Swabian. In contrast to the Altbaiern and Swabians, for example, the Hohenlohe people show a very weak linguistic self-confidence and often perceive their dialect as a “peasant language”. In addition to the dominance of the Swabian "state language" in Württemberg, the fact that the Hohenlohe dialect, in contrast to Bavarian and Swabian, is almost completely absent from radio and television should also contribute to this. Particularly in the areas with a higher proportion of newcomers, the use of a standardized southern German colloquial language has become established, which has little to do with Hohenlohe.

Literature and music

Gerd Ferz with the program Auszeit in KULT Niederstetten, 2013

A well-known representative of the Hohenlohe dialect literature was the poet and playwright Gottlob Haag from the Niederstetten suburb of Wildentierbach. In 2018, Kurt Klawitter from Wiesenbach published his first volume of poetry, Hammkumma . The Crailsheim author Wildis Streng has so far published 8 Hohenlohe crime novels, some of which were also written in dialect.

The composer Hartmut Schmidt , who comes from Niederstetten, wrote a song cycle Ärscht Hoheloher Wärrtschaftskandade based on poems in Hohenloher dialect from the volume Haitzudooch by Gottlob Haag for baritone and piano. He also arranged the Niederstettener Winzertanz for brass music. This round dance is performed every year at the autumn festival in Niederstetten by the young winemaker couples .

Contemporary representatives of Hohenlohe are the musicians of the first Hohenloher dialect band ROCK THEATER PRAXIS (who were mainly active in the 1990s, but still perform together) as well as the songwriters Kurt Klawitter and Johkurt, Paulaner & Bernd . The band Annaweech is very successful .

As a cabaret artist in Hohenlohe dialect, Stefan Walz appears under the name Gerd Ferz . This know-it-all about the village “has a lot of opinion and little idea. He goes on about everything that concerns him. And if he doesn't have a problem at the moment, he is not afraid to look for it. "

Examples

Single words

Expressions and sentences

  • â braads briid - a broad board (typical Hohenlohe expression, for example "an incredible story")
  • Hash warkli fiil z'doâ? or hash but fiil z´duənâ - Do you really / currently have a lot to do? Note, however , warkli often means 'at the time'.
  • Dô hewâdâr aich awer aa s'schenschd Weedâr out. or Dô heddâr aich… s'beschd… - But you also picked out the nicest weather. (Gladly to cyclists who are out and about in pouring rain)
  • S´is hald (âmôôl) âsou. - It's just like that (once).
  • I closed d´ Mausch mim Beese dôâd. - We kill the mouse with the broom. Illustrates the frequent use of the "sch" (in some parts of Hohenlohe).
  • Hädsch des net äânder soochâ knowâ? or ... freeze ... - Could n't you have said that earlier?
  • Where the Hasâ Hosâ haaßâ un diâ Hosâ Housâ haaßâ, dôô am ii dâhôôm! - Where the rabbits are called Hosâ and the pants are called Housâ , there I am at home! (to characterize the Hohenloher family) - the forms Hosâ and Hoschâ both exist depending on the region.
  • Fraa! Wos'n d'Glaadârbirschd? I muess d'r Housâboudâ abbirschdâ! - Where is the clothes brush, please, my love? I would have to brush out my pants!

In Hohenlohe there was the pre-Christmas custom of the ouglebfârlâ (anklöpferlein) until the 19th century . Children asked friends or relatives for the ouglebfârlâ, which usually consisted of small amounts of food such as fruit or bread. It is still practiced today in smaller towns.

Hohenlohisch Standard German

Ouglobfâ Hämmârle,
´s Brôât lait im Kämmârle,
´s Messâr lait dâneewâ,
kousch mr ewes geewâ?
Ebfl out, Biirâ out,
go to â andâr's house!
´s andâr Haus is gschlossâ,
do sim´mr right vârdrossâ.

Knocking the hammer,
the bread is in the little room,
the knife is next to it,
can you give me something?
Apples out, pears out,
let's go to another house,
the other house is locked,
so we're very annoyed.

The last 2 verses also: Andârs house was locked up - I have the thing vârdrossâ. Translated for example: Another house was locked - I was very disappointed about this matter. (East of Blaufelden / contemporary witness)

Place names

"Aetsch Gäwele!" All sorts of Luschtichs and other things from 'm Frankeland from de Owerämter Aehringe [Öhringen], Craalse [Crailsheim], Gaaldorf [Gaildorf], Gärabrunn [Gerabronn], Hall, Hallbrunn [Heilbronn], Künzelse [Künzelsau], Merchedool [ Bad Mergentheim], Neckersulm [Neckarsulm] and Wei'schberch [Weinsberg]. Title page of a book from 1908.

Spoken locality names often differ from their high linguistic writing strongly, in particular slurring at the end of a word ( [⁠ ə ⁠] for -heim) and deviating from the Written Vokalismus ([ Å ] for -ai- [ iχ ] or [⁠ i ⁠] for -ach) is not rare. The difference can come from the change in sound or from a phonetically inaccurate writing.

literature

  • Alfred Kuppler: Hohenlohisch shouldn't die! Hohenloher Druck- und Verlagshaus, Gerabronn / Crailsheim 1988, ISBN 3-87354-168-8 .
  • Erwin Strasser: A thousand words from Hohenlohisch . W. Eppe Verlag, Bergatreute 1988, ISBN 3-89089-209-4 .
  • Eberhard Zanzinger: Hohenloher expressions and idioms . Verlag Robert Baier, Crailsheim 2004, ISBN 3-929233-32-0 . (with CD with audio samples)
  • Klawitter, Kurt: Hammkumma. Poems by Kurt Klawitter. BOD Norderstaedt 2018, 52 pages, ISBN 9783752830972 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Practice website
  2. ↑ website of the band Annaweech
  3. ↑ Culture program of the city of Niederstetten ( Memento from September 5, 2013 in the web archive archive.today ) (accessed on September 5, 2013)