Innkreis (Bavaria)

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Bavaria was divided into districts in 1808

The Innkreis with its capital Innsbruck was one of the districts of the Kingdom of Bavaria from 1806 to 1814 . It was formed after the annexation of Tyrol by Bavaria and essentially comprised Tyrolean territory. It was given to Austria in 1814 .

structure

Cities in the immediate vicinity of the district

Brixen (from 1810) - Innsbruck

Regional courts

The district was divided into the following regional courts of the older order:

Brixen (from 1810), Bruneck (from 1810), Enneberg (from 1810), Fürstenburg, Glurns, Hall, Imst, Innsbruck, Kastelruth (from 1810), Kitzbühel, Klausen (from 1810), Kufstein , Lana (from 1810), Landeck, Meran (from 1810), Mühlbach (from 1810), Passeier (from 1810), Rattenberg, Reutte (until 1810), Ried (from 1810), Sarntal (from 1810), Schlandern (from 1810), Schwaz, Silz, Steinach, Sterzing (from 1810), Stubai (from 1810), Taufers (from 1810), Telfs, Welsberg (from 1810), Werdenfels (from 1810), Zell am Ziller (from 1811).

The newly formed Innkreis in 1808

history

From 1806 to 1808 the Kingdom of Bavaria was divided into 15 districts, the names of which were based on rivers: Mainkreis ( Bamberg ), Pegnitzkreis ( Nuremberg ), Rezatkreis ( Ansbach ), Nabkreis ( Amberg ), Regenkreis ( Regensburg and Straubing ), Altmühlkreis ( Eichstätt ), Oberdonaukreis ( Ulm ), Lechkreis ( Augsburg ), Isarkkreis ( Munich ), Salzachkreis ( Burghausen ), Unterdonaukreis ( Passau ), Illerkreis ( Kempten with Vorarlberg ), Innkreis (Innsbruck), Eisackkreis ( Brixen and Bozen ) and Etschkreis ( Trento ). This was determined by a very high ordinance for the territorial division of the kingdom of June 21, 1808.

The Innkreis with the capital Innsbruck was formed with the annexation of Tyrol and initially comprised only eight regional courts and, since 1809, the city of Innsbruck, which is part of the immediate district.

The disregard of the old Tyrolean military constitution ( Landlibell of Emperor Maximilians I from 1511) and the reintroduction of the Josephine church reform by the Bavarian Minister Montgelas caused displeasure. Interventions in religious life (prohibition of Christmas mass, processions and pilgrimages, rosary etc.) led to the so-called church struggle of the clergy and the common people. The forced drafting of recruits for the Bavarian army finally led to the Tyrolean popular uprising , which began on April 9, 1809 in the Tyrolean capital Innsbruck . Andreas Hofer took the lead in the anti-Bavarian movement. Already on April 11th he was able to prevail against Bayern at Sterzing . On April 12th the first Bergisel battle for Innsbruck took place, and just two days later the Austrians were able to move into Innsbruck. However, the Bavarian and French troops succeeded in regaining control of parts of Tyrol and recaptured Innsbruck. After the Bavarian-French troops prevailed in a bloody battle near Wörgl on May 13th , there were two more battles on the Bergisel on May 25th and 29th , with the Bavarian troops defeated on May 29th withdrawing into the Lower Inn Valley had to. The Znojmo armistice followed with a renewed occupation of Tyrol by Napoleonic troops. The call to the Landsturm was followed by another victory for the Tyroleans on August 13th against Marshal Lefebvre . The Peace of Schönbrunn motivated Hofer to rebel again, which ended on November 1st, 1809 with the defeat of the Tyroleans on the Bergisel .

As a result, 18 regional courts were newly established in 1810, some regional courts came to the Iller and Salzach district . In return, the district courts of the Isar district and the rest of the Eisack district , which was largely ceded to Italy , including the city of Brixen, which is part of the district, were incorporated. Crown Prince Ludwig was appointed Governor General of the Inn and Salzach districts in Innsbruck in October 1810. On June 26, 1814, the Innkreis was given over to Austria. This ended the Bavarian rule there, just like in Vorarlberg and in 1816 in Salzburg and the Innviertel . Austria took over most of the “achievements” of the Bavarian administration and was careful not to return to the old structures. The Werdenfels district court, originally part of the Freising Monastery, remained in Bavaria and was incorporated into the Isar district.

literature