Eisackkreis

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Bavaria was divided into districts in 1808

The Eisackkreis in today's South Tyrol was one of the districts of the Kingdom of Bavaria from 1806 to 1810 .

structure

Cities in the immediate vicinity of the district

Bolzano - Brixen

Regional courts

The district was divided into the following regional courts of the older order : Bozen - Brixen - Bruneck - Klausen - Lienz - Meran - Sillian

The newly formed Eisackkreis in 1808

history

From 1806 to 1808 the Kingdom of Bavaria was divided into 15 districts, the names of which were based on rivers: Mainkreis ( Bamberg ), Pegnitzkreis ( Nuremberg ), Rezatkreis ( Ansbach ), Nabkreis ( Amberg ), Regenkreis ( Regensburg and Straubing ), Altmühlkreis ( Eichstätt ), Oberdonaukreis ( Ulm ), Lechkreis ( Augsburg ), Isarkkreis ( Munich ), Salzachkreis ( Burghausen ), Unterdonaukreis ( Passau ), Illerkreis ( Kempten with Vorarlberg ), Innkreis ( Innsbruck ), Eisackkreis ( Brixen and Bozen ) and Etschkreis ( Trento ). This was determined by a very high ordinance for the territorial division of the kingdom of June 21, 1808.

The Eisackkreis with its capital Brixen included after the annexation of Tyrol first seven district courts and in 1809 the circle immediate cities of Bolzano and Bressanone. The disregard of the old Tyrolean military constitution ( Landlibell of Emperor Maximilians I from 1511) and the reintroduction of the Josephine church reform by the Bavarian Minister Montgelas caused displeasure. Interventions in religious life (prohibition of Christmas mass, processions and pilgrimages, rosary etc.) led to the so-called church struggle of the clergy and the common people. The forced drafting of recruits for the Bavarian Army ultimately led to the uprising that began on April 9, 1809 in the Tyrolean capital Innsbruck. Andreas Hofer took the lead in the anti-Bavarian movement. Already on April 11th he was able to prevail against Bayern at Sterzing . On April 12th, the first Bergisel battle for Innsbruck took place and the Austrians were able to move into Innsbruck just two days later. However, the Bavarian and French troops succeeded in regaining control of parts of Tyrol and recaptured Innsbruck. After the Bavarian-French troops prevailed in a bloody battle near Wörgl on May 13th , there were two more battles on the Bergisel on May 25th and 29th , with the Bavarian troops defeated on May 29th withdrawing into the Lower Inn Valley had to. The Znojmo armistice followed with a renewed occupation of Tyrol by Napoleonic troops. The call to the Landsturm was followed by another victory for the Tyroleans on August 13th against Marshal Lefebvre . The Peace of Schönbrunn motivated Hofer to rebel again, which ended on November 1st, 1809 with the defeat of the Tyroleans on the Bergisel .

The southern Italian-speaking areas and the southernmost part of the German-speaking Tyrol (including Bozen ) were subsequently made into the Italian kingdom in 1810; East Tyrol with Lienz , Sillian and Matrei became part of the Illyrian provinces of France . The rest of the Eisackkreis was assigned to the Bavarian Innkreis. After Napoleon's defeat in 1813/14, Tyrol returned to Austria as a whole.

literature

  • Richard Bauer, Reinhard Heydenreuter, Gerhard Heyl, Emma Mages, Max Piendl, August Scherl, Bernhard Zettel (authors): Handbook of the Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . Ed .: Wilhelm Volkert. CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 .