Islam in Moldova

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In addition to Wallachian Danube cities , the Moldovan Dniester cities of Bender and Chotyn were under direct Ottoman rule

The Islam in the Republic of Moldova exists as the Islam in Romania since the Middle Ages.

The slightly more than 3,000 Muslims among the 3.3 million citizens of the former Soviet republic are predominantly Nogai or Tatars ( immigrated from other CIS republics ) or re - immigrated Turks from Turkey and have a share of around 0.1% of the total population little influence on Moldovan politics like Muslim minority parties in Romania.

history

From 1061 to 1171 Wallachia formed the core empire of the Pechenegs of Turkic origin (where a Muslim minority had come to power in 1068), while Moldova was under the rule of Russian princes, who had taken some Cumans of Turkic origin into their service. From 1171 to 1240 Wallachia and Moldavia belonged to the Cuman Empire, of which a minority also professed Islam . The Cumans were followed by the Mongols or Tatars , who under their Islamic ruler Nogai Khan also ruled the area beyond the Danube from 1285 to 1300 . Thus, Islam gained a foothold in northern Dobruja a few decades before the Romanian principalities of Wallachia and Moldova even emerged (1330–1360).

Although the Principality of Moldova paid annual tribute to the Ottoman Empire since 1455 , in 1484 it had to cede the important bases on the Black Sea Chilia and Cetatea Albă to the Ottoman Empire. In 1538 the Moldavian principality also lost Tighina (Turkish Bender ) to the Ottoman Eyalet Silistria , Bender was under Ottoman rule until 1812.

The Moldovan prince Iliaș II accepted Islam in 1546. The Moldovan tribute rose to 65,000 gold pieces in the 18th century, plus 7,000 gold pieces of tribute to the Khanate of the Crimean Tatars .

After the collapse of their rule in neighboring Podolia (1699), the Ottoman Gate settled loyal Polish- Muslim Tatars in Lipkany (near Bălți ), the place is named after the Lipka Tatars .

The Turk Mustafa Bairaktar , who was Ottoman Grand Vizier until his death in 1808 , was born in Chotyn (Romanian: Hotin , now also Ukrainian ), which belonged to the Principality of Moldova until 1711 and then directly to the Ottoman Empire until 1812 . Two other Turkish grand viziers in office between 1821 and 1828 came from Bender ( Benderli Ali Pascha and Benderli Mehmed Selim Sırrı Pascha ).

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Encyclopaedia of Islam, Vol. V: 1010b
  2. ↑ Benderli Ali Pascha in 1821 (executed after a few days in office) and Benderli Mehmed Selim Sırrı Pascha from 1771 to 1831. Selim Sirri was Grand Vizier from 1824 to 1828 and then Wali (Governor) of Rumelia from 1828 to 1830.