Philipp Gerlach
Johann Philipp Gerlach (born July 24, 1679 in Spandau , † September 17, 1748 in Berlin ) was a Prussian architect . Many important baroque buildings in Berlin and Potsdam , especially from the era of the "soldier king" Friedrich Wilhelm I , go back to him.
biography
In 1707 Gerlach succeeded Martin Grünberg as royal building director and head of building construction in Berlin. In 1720, King Friedrich Wilhelm I appointed him senior construction director of the royal residences, thereby transferring responsibility for the entire state construction industry, including the construction of bridges and fortresses. In 1733 Gerlach redesigned the Kronprinzenpalais . In 1734/35 he built the Kollegienhaus / Kammergericht . He also directed the construction of the tower of the Parochial Church in Berlin. On Wilhelmstrasse in Berlin, he built the gold and silver factory and the Marschall Palace next to each other .
He also designed the three large squares in Friedrichstadt , Pariser Platz ( Quarree ), Leipziger Platz ( Oktogon ) and Mehringplatz ( Rondell ). In addition to Berlin, Gerlach also worked in Potsdam . The Potsdam Garrison Church , which he designed and whose ruins were blown up in 1968, was his main work as an architect.
In April 1737 he retired from the Prussian civil service for health reasons. His successor as chief building director was Titus de Favre . Gerlach was the most important Prussian architect between the Berlin palace builder Andreas Schlüter and the beginning of the Frederician Rococo with Georg Wenzeslaus von Knobelsdorff from 1740, alongside Jean de Bodt .
family
Gerlach's father Philipp Gerlach (baptized on May 14, 1647 in Oranienburg) was a kit construction clerk, then a kit attendant, and later a commander in charge or an artillery captain. He was buried on June 27, 1716. Grandfather Christoph Gerlach (* in Zweibrücken; † in Oranienburg) was married in 1640 in the Marienkirche, Berlin, to Ursula Quistorp (baptized on November 3, 1622 in the Nikolaikirche, Berlin). Elector Friedrich Wilhelm had given the feudal school to the Heidereuter in Oranienburg Christoph Gerlach, and he gradually assumed the right to fish in the Mühlensee (Mölmersee) with the large yarn. On November 21, 1651, the elector exchanged the civic office of Heidereiter Christoph Gerlach opposite Oranienburg Castle in order to build a hunting arsenal there. The Heidereiter, later given the title of Landjäger, administered the forests in the office. The hunting arsenal, built around 1653, housed the country hunter's offices, among other things. Great-grandfather Philipp Gerlach (* 1582, † 1649 in Küstrin in the Neumark ) was chief forester of the Neumark in Küstrin. Gerlach's mother Eva Maria Siegert was the daughter of Tobias Siegert (1631–1680), Brandenburg. Customs administrator u. Ziesemeister in Spandau, son of Bartholomäus Siegert, hereditary judge and liege judge in Steinbach / Erzgebirge , and Ursula Schumann. Gerlach's sister, Eva Catharina Gerlach, was married on April 16, 1707 in Fürstenwalde to Georg Roth (* 1674 in Leutschau ; † September 17, 1723 in Stade ), mathematician, theologian, educator, professor and rector at the Athenaeum in Stade .
Gerlach's sister, Catharina Elisabeth Gerlach († October 3, 1735 in Freiberg ) was married to Dr. med. Johann Gottlieb Naumann (born March 21, 1695 in Freiberg; † February 15, 1756 in Freiberg), royal Polish & Electoral Saxon. Mountain Commission Council, as well as country, city, mountain huts and Saiger huts Physikus, and med. Doctor in Freiberg. She left 6 sons, one of them was Philipp Joseph Naumann (* 1728 in Freiberg; † December 25, 1808 in Mittweida ), mayor of Mittweida, electoral prince. Saxon court hunter and chief forester of the offices of Frankenberg with Sachsenburg and Neusorge. Another sister, Loysa Sophia Gerlach (born December 13, 1685 in Spandau) was married to Georg Christoph Lindemann (born August 17, 1682 in Seegefeld; † September 15, 1755 ibid), pastor in Seegefeld and Falkenhayn.
Works
- 1707–1727 Continuation and own processing of the Friedrichs Hospital, designed by Martin Grünberg and started in 1697, with a church in Stralauer Straße (canceled in 1905)
- 1710–1713 Charlottenburg City Church, later Luisenkirche , Gierkeplatz, (completed by Martin Böhme , fitted with a new tower in 1821 by Karl Friedrich Schinkel )
- 1712/13 Sophienkirche , Große Hamburger Straße (tower based on a design by Johann Friedrich Grael )
- 1713/14 tower of the Parochial Church , Klosterstrasse
- 1718 Palais on Burgstrasse for General von Montargues (converted into Palais Itzig in 1762/63, demolished in 1858)
- 1720–1733 (possibly) design for Schwerinsburg Castle , Western Pomerania
- 1721–1722 garrison church in Berlin, today Anna-Louisa-Karsch-Straße (1816 rebuilt by Rabe, 1863 by August Stüler , no longer available)
- 1721–1724 St. Nikolai Church in Potsdam , Alter Markt (burnt down in 1795)
- 1724 town hall and main guard in Prenzlau (no longer available)
- 1725–1731 Jerusalemkirche , Lindenstrasse / corner of Jerusalemer Strasse (largely rebuilt in 1878 by Edmund Knoblauch, no longer available)
- 1727/28 Hauptwache at the Neuer Markt / corner of Rosenstrasse (rebuilt by August Stüler in 1857, no longer available)
- 1730/31 Palais von Sydow, Münzstraße ( rebuilt by Carl Gotthard Langhans in 1774 , demolished in 1857)
- 1731–1735 Garrison Church in Potsdam, Breite Straße (no longer available, the tower is currently being rebuilt)
- 1732 Conversion of the Kronprinzenpalais , Unter den Linden ( changed by Heinrich Strack in 1857 , ruin in 1945, reconstructed 1968–1972)
- 1732/33 so-called "strong man's house", Zimmerstrasse / corner of Charlottenstrasse (demolished in 1888)
- 1733 Petrikirche , Petriplatz (broken off)
- 1733–1735 Kollegienhaus (chamber court) in Lindenstrasse, today Jewish Museum Berlin
- 1734/35 Splitgerber office building , later Schickler , Gertraudenstraße 16 (no longer available)
- 1735–1737 Palais von Goerne, Wilhelmstrasse 72 (rebuilt by Karl Friedrich Schinkel in 1817, rebuilt by August Hahnemann in 1852, no longer available)
- 1735 Brandenburg Gate (demolished in 1788 for the new building by Carl Gotthard Langhans)
- 1735–1737 Gold and Silver Manufactory, Wilhelmstrasse 79 (rebuilt in 1928 for the headquarters of the Deutsche Reichsbahn, no longer available)
- 1735–1737 Palais von der Groeben, Leipziger Straße 3 (demolished in 1899 for the new manor house )
- 1736 Palais Marschall , Wilhelmstrasse 78 (demolished in 1872) 1735/36 (56)
- 1736–39 (possibly) Meseberg Castle , for Count Hermann von Wartensleben
- 1737 (probably) Palais Wartensleben am Quarré, today Pariser Platz (demolished in 1847), for Count Friedrich Ludwig von Wartensleben
- 1737 (probably) Palais Neuendorf am Quarré, today Pariser Platz (demolished in 1844)
photos
Kronprinzenpalais , Berlin (1838)
Sophienkirche Berlin
Berlin Garrison Church (1736)
St. Nikolai (Potsdam) with faded facade by Knobelsdorff (1771)
Old Town Hall Prenzlau
Jerusalem Church , Berlin (1735)
Garrison Church , Potsdam
Kollegienhaus , Berlin
Investment Splitgerber , Gertraudenstraße
Brandenburg Gate , Berlin, from 1734
literature
- Friedrich Mielke : Gerlach, Philipp. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 6, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1964, ISBN 3-428-00187-7 , p. 302 f. ( Digitized version ).
Web links
- CV and work overview at the Association for the History of Berlin
- Biography and work with Gerhild Komander
- Johann Philipp Gerlach at luise-berlin.de
- Philipp Gerlach. In: arch INFORM ; accessed on February 11, 2016.
Individual evidence
- ↑ ELAB MF 17766 (Evangelisches Landeskirchliches Archiv Berlin-Brandenburg, Microfiche) baptismal register 1634-1655
- ↑ Märkische Forschungen, Volumes 15-16, 1880.
- ↑ Marriage register of St. Marienkirche in Berlin, at www.archion.de
- ↑ Baptismal register St. Nikolai zu Berlin, on www.archion.de
- ↑ corpse sermon for Philipp Gerlach, 1649, printed in Cüstrin, Author: Fesselius, Daniel
- ↑ Allgemeine Deutsche Bibliographie Vol. 29, Leipzig 1889; History of the Protestant parish Schwedler (A. Neupauer) (1974)
- ↑ Death book of Ev.-Luth. Freiberg Church.
- ^ Church register Ev.-Luth. Mittweida Church
- ↑ Harald von Koenigswald (ed.), Udo von Alvensleben : When they still existed ... Noble seats between Altmark and Masuria. Ullstein, Berlin 1996, ISBN 3-548-35641-9 , pp. 286-287
personal data | |
---|---|
SURNAME | Gerlach, Philipp |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Gerlach, Johann Philipp |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German architect |
DATE OF BIRTH | July 24, 1679 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Spandau |
DATE OF DEATH | September 17, 1748 |
Place of death | Berlin |