Joseph von Aschbach

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Joseph Aschbach , from 1870 Ritter von Aschbach (born April 29, 1801 in Höchst am Main , † April 25, 1882 in Vienna ) was a German historian . He was a high school teacher in Frankfurt am Main and then a university professor in Bonn and Vienna. His three-volume history of the University of Vienna , which is rich in material , is still used today.

Josef Aschbach, lithograph by Eduard Kaiser , 1857

Life

Joseph Aschbach began studying theology and philosophy at Heidelberg University in 1819 . Influenced by the historian Friedrich Christoph Schlosser , he soon turned to history. Between 1823 and 1842 Aschbach worked as a teacher for history and ancient languages ​​at the Catholic Selektenschule in Frankfurt am Main . In 1824 he was a co-founder of the Physikalischer Verein . In the autumn of 1842 he accepted a position as professor of history at the University of Bonn and in 1853 went to the University of Vienna in the same capacity . There he was also appointed full professor of the historical seminary . As such he worked on his retirement in 1872. In 1856 the Austrian Academy of Sciences accepted Aschbach as a member, and in 1870 Emperor Franz Joseph I elevated him to the hereditary Austrian knighthood . Four days before his 81st birthday, Joseph Aschbach died on April 25, 1882 in Vienna.

Researches

In his History of the Visigoths (1827), he cleared up a previously dark section of history. This was followed by works on the Umayyads in Spain (1829–30), the Almoravids and Almohads (1833–37) and the Heruler and Gepids (1835). For his story of Emperor Sigismund (1838–45), created at the suggestion of Johann Friedrich Böhmers , he evaluated the extensive imperial historical sources in the Frankfurt city archive ; the work is still considered fundamental today.

In addition, he wrote the documented history of the Counts of Wertheim (1843) from archival sources that have not been used so far . The General Church Lexicon (1846–1850) published by him dealt with what is most worth knowing from all of theology and its auxiliary sciences, without confessional polemics.

From 1865 onwards, Aschbach published the history of the University of Vienna as a commemorative publication to mark its 500th anniversary. Aschbach made numerous mistakes in his utilization of extensive source material, as pointed out by Franz Graf-Stuhlhofer . With regard to volume 1, the archivist Karl Schrauf tried to excuse careless mistakes due to the time pressure at the time.

Aschbach's work Roswitha and Konrad Celtes caused a sensation , in which he sought to prove that the panegyric on Emperor Otto the Great, previously generally attributed to Roswitha von Gandersheim , was not her work, but a poem by Konrad Celtes , i.e. from the 16th century. However, this view has been proven to be an untenable hypothesis by the historians Rudolf Köpke and Georg Waitz .

Aschbachgasse was named in his honor in 1961 in Vienna- Liesing (23rd district) .

Fonts (selection)

  • Dissertation De Theopompo Chio historico , Frankfurt 1823 ( digitized version )
  • History of the Visigoths , Frankfurt 1827 ( digitized version )
  • History of the Umayyads in Spain , 2 volumes, Frankfurt 1829–1830, new edition Vienna 1860
  • History of Spain and Portugal at the time of the rule of the Almoravids and Almohads , 2 volumes, Frankfurt 1833–1837
  • History of the Heruli and Gepids , Frankfurt 1835 ( digitized version )
  • History of Emperor Sigmund’s , 4 volumes, Hamburg 1838–1845
  • History of the Counts of Wertheim from the earliest times to their extinction in the male line in 1556 .
    • Part I. With four illustrations and a table . Frankfurt am Main 1843 ( e-copy ).
    • Part II: Wertheim Document Book. With twelve coats of arms and seal plates . Frankfurt am Main 1843 ( e-copy ).
  • General Church Lexicon (editorship), 4 volumes, Frankfurt 1946–1850
  • History of the University of Vienna , 3 volumes, Vienna 1865/1877 / posthumously 1888 (digital copies: Volume 1 , Volume 2 , Volume 3 , supplements to the third volume ) ( eBooks on Demand ); Vol. 3: The Vienna University and its scholars 1520 to 1565 also as a reprint: Farnborough, Hants, Gregg, 1967 ( digitized edition of the University and State Library Düsseldorf )
  • Roswitha and Konrad Celtes (session reports of the Imperial Academy of Sciences in Vienna, Philosophical-Historical Class; 56.1). Vienna 1867; extended 2nd edition: Wilhelm Braumüller, Vienna 1868.

literature

Web links

Wikisource: Joseph Aschbach  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Heinz Fricke (Ed.): 150 Years of the Physikalischer Verein Frankfurt a. M. 1st edition. Physikalischer Verein, Frankfurt 1974, DNB  750868783 , The founders of the association, p. 11 .
  2. ^ Based on Volume 2 presented in Franz Graf-Stuhlhofer: Humanism between Court and University. Georg Tannstetter (Collimitius) and his scientific environment in Vienna in the early 16th century . Vienna 1996, summarized on pp. 173–175.
  3. ↑ Schrauf, Aschbach , Vienna 1900, p. 32f.

This article is based on a text in the public domain from Meyers Konversations-Lexikon , 4th edition from 1888 to 1890.

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personal data
SURNAME Aschbach, Joseph von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Ritter von Aschbach, Joseph; Aschbach, Joseph (maiden name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German-Austrian historian
DATE OF BIRTH April 29, 1801
PLACE OF BIRTH Frankfurt-Höchst
DATE OF DEATH April 25, 1882
Place of death Vienna