Carnival song

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Carnival songs (or carnival songs , carnival songs , carnival hits) are songs , often drinking songs , which are played and sung predominantly seasonally during carnival, carnival and carnival .

history

The Florentine carnival song ("canto carnascialesco") was a three or four-part elevator song with masks and content accent on cheerful texts. It experienced its heyday during the reign of Lorenzo il Magnifico (1469-1492). Lorenzo wrote these carnival songs himself, they were based on the traditional dance songs ("canti a ballo").

The nun Anna (possibly Countess Palatine Anna von der Pfalz; * 1461, † April 21, 1520) is said to have written Cologne's first carnival song around 1500, when the nuns' carnival on Thursday became the forerunner of the later Weiberfastnacht . The songbook of Anna von Köln comprised 82 songs (24 of them with melody recording), whereby No. 34 is titled as We want to sing with joy (composed by the Kempen preacher Johann Bruckmann).

Christian Samuel Schier (born March 31, 1791 in Erfurt, † December 4, 1824 in Cologne) brought out the Cölner Melody , which is considered the first carnival song in Cologne, to enthrone the "Heroes Carnival" (today: "Prince Carnival") in Cologne .

Emergence

Carnival songs are usually created in Germany in the carnival strongholds of Cologne , Mainz and Düsseldorf . Your texts are written either in the regional dialect or in Standard German and thematically refer mostly to the region from which they come. Only a few carnival songs are used nationwide and are "region-neutral". These include Der loyal Husar ( Heinrich Frantzen , 1924), You cannot be loyal to the Metropol Vocalists ( Gerhard Ebeler ; December 1935), Kornblumenblau ( Jupp Schlösser ; October 1937), Bums Valdera (Willibald Quanz; March 1948) or schnapps , that was his last word (November 1960), of which 900,000 copies were sold. The track was even listed as # 4 by Billboard as the best-selling record.

Cologne

The Cologne Carnival can look back on the longest song tradition. There was a traditional (until 1970) and a modern phase (from 1970). In total, the repertoire of carnival and mood songs with a Cologne background includes between 10,000 and 20,000 songs.

Traditional phase

Cologne has been competing with Rome and Venice for carnival favor since 1823 and outbid both cities by providing "an artistic basis for its madness and amusement". A first systematic collection of "Carnevals Lieder" appeared as Bellen-Töne, a collection of the Cologne carnival songs 1823–1834 with 236 songs, 17 of them in Kölsch. A new edition came to commemorate the jubilee year of Carnival in 1873 with 202 songs (44 of them in Kölsch) on the market. The carnival song of the Karusselchesmann (Josef Roesberg; 1868), written in the language of Cologne , took up a funny theme about the fair . Roesberg knew about the importance of mood songs because he was the owner of the wine house "Zum Hahnen" in Cologne's Minoritenstrasse. Another example was Mer sin noch nit zom Genusshe (H. Weise; 1891), who criticized the introduction of the amusement tax for carnival events. Cologne's most important songwriter Willi Ostermann achieved his breakthrough in 1907 with The Schmitz sing Frau eß durchjebrannt . He then did not limit himself to pure Cologne songs, but also wrote High German hits , especially waltzes and marching songs with the common themes of "Rhine", "wine", "woman" and "song". The Ostermann-hit Rhineland-gal ( "his drum should I in life a girl wed again, then it must be on the Rhine just born") went to the mirror , according to in 1927 with one million circulation through the platen press and posted season win of 130,000 gold marks. This was followed by hits like Because once a year is carnival (1929) or Once on the Rhine (1931).

During and after the Second World War , De Vier Botze , Jupp Schmitz , Gerhard Jussenhoven , Jupp Schlösser and Karl Berbuer took on the creative task as composers and interpreters and provided new carnival songs. Karl Berbuers Munteres Rehlein Du (1939) sold 300,000 copies. His Heidewitzka, Herr Kapitän (1936) is still sung today, as is the Trizonesien-Song (November 1948); alternatively, both were occasionally even mistakenly played as the German national anthem abroad.

Modern phase

The modern phase began in 1970 with the extraordinary success of the Bläck Fööss . They began as a cover band and rock band and took over kölsche songs from the composer Hans Knipp , and later increasingly wrote their own songs, some of which became known nationwide. This example was followed by groups like the Höhner (1972) or Brings , who first appeared in the carnival in 2001. With the advent of pop music , some of these groups also took on foreign-language originals and provided them with Cologne-based texts, so that carnival songs were a cover version of foreign originals. The Cologne carnival songs also contain numerous musical elements intended to awaken local patriotism , and the city and the Rhine play an important role here. The Cologne way of life is expressed in carnival hits like Drink noch eine met (1971), Mer losse d'r Dom en Kölle (1973) or Kaffeebud (1978; all by Bläck Fööss). Viva Colonia von den Höhnern (2003) also gained supraregional popularity, reached number 20 on the German hit parade and was sold around 150,000 times. According to a survey by WDR in 2011, the title was chosen as the most popular carnival song in North Rhine-Westphalia.

Mainz

The Mainz Carnival has produced a large number of carnival songs that have become known nationwide. The Mainz court singers sold 300,000 copies of So ein Tag, as beautiful as it is today (August 1959) and made the song famous throughout Germany. It is sung at sporting events outside of the carnival season. The nursery rhyme Heile, heile Gänsje was performed for the first time by Martin Mundo in the Mainz Carnival in 1929 and a version by Ernst Neger was released as a record in 1962. Neger had an even greater success with Humba Täterä (1963), which is now popularly sung at football events because of its second verse. With Rucki Zucki , Neger landed another carnival hit (1973). Margit Sponheimer made I was born immortal on Shrove Monday (December 1969).

Dusseldorf

Compared to the carnival strongholds of Cologne or Mainz, the Düsseldorf carnival has relatively few carnival songs of its own; there is no song history at all. As a substitute at events, Cologne carnival songs or national mood songs are often used. The oldest piece used as a carnival song is Am Alten Schlossturm (1936), composed by Hans Reichert , which deals with the Düsselschlösschen .

Düsseldorf songs of modern times are especially by Hans Lötzsch ... where is our Altbier? (1978), by Jupp Schäfers Mer are us de Aldestadt (1985), Der Clou from the Düsseldorfer group (1998); The Paldauer won the ZDF hit parade with Düsseldorf Girl in 1999 , while NMZS brought out a rap homage to the city in 2007 with Düsseldorf . The most beautiful city on the Rhine by Vino is also a rap (2008). The sextet Alt Schuss has established itself as the leading carnival group, creating a city anthem with its first hit Die Sterne sparkele in 2004 ; This was followed by Düsseldorf (2004), Weil ech en Düsseldorfer bin (2014) or An d'r longest bar in the world (2014). The Düssel-Disharmoniker trio takes up local patriotism with Da schwimm 'ne Kölner (2010). The song Ten Little Jägermeisters from the punk band Die Toten Hosen (1996) is also sung at carnival. The compilations Sang & Klang Op Platt - Düsseldorfer Singen Mundart (9 dialect songs in Platt; 1985) and Närrische Hits from Düsseldorf (17 songs; 2000) are summaries of songs from the region.

Content and purpose

The carnival song is an important element in the carnival , along with the carnival parades and the carnival sessions. The carnival song is a German domain that has remained largely unaffected by foreign influences. It aims to activate the audience, especially to get them to sing along, swing or dance. It represents a special form of the mood song and, in addition to the drinking songs, is usually limited to the carnival season. His texts are therefore mainly related to carnival themes. It "wants to express joy and folly, spread humor, but also convey wisdom". Carnival songs are characterized by their humorous, ironic or parodic content and take up historical or current topics such as urban development changes, cultural achievements or thematize mood, alcohol or the carnival itself. An important component is the refrain , which should invite you to sing along is simply structured and can be sung along after listening to it once.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Karl Heinrich Wörner, Wolfgang Gratzer, Lenz Meierott: History of Music . 1993, p. 160 ( limited preview in Google book search).
  2. ↑ Ernst Pieper: Savonarola . 2009, p. 39 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  3. ↑ Geneanet about the countess Anna
  4. ^ Detlev Arens, Marianna Bongartz, Stephanie Henseler: Cologne . 2010, p. 98 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  5. ^ Walter Salmen, Johannese Koepp: The song book of Anna of Cologne (Monuments Rhenish Music, Vol. 4). in: Die Musikforschung , 9th year, issue 1 (1956), pp. 117–119
  6. ^ Franz Xaver Schlösser (Ed.): Complete collection of the Cologne carnival songs from the years 1823–1828 . 1828, p. 84 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  7. ↑ Prisma Star Guide Willy Millowitsch
  8. ↑ Billboard magazine of January 30, 1961, Best-Selling Pop-Records in Germany , p. 54 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
  9. ↑ John Meier (Ed.): Jahrbuch der Volksliedforschung , Volume 33, 1988, p. 130 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
  10. ↑ Kölner Stadtanzeiger of February 6, 2002, When I sing Kölsche
  11. ^ Johann Baptist Rousseau: Dramaturgische Parallels , 1834, p. 147 ( restricted preview in the Google book search).
  12. ↑ Helene Klauser: Cologne Carnival Between Uniform and Lifestyle , 2007, p. 259 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
  13. ↑ a b Who should pay for that? In: Der Spiegel . No. 1 , 1950, p. 6-9 ( online - Jan. 5, 1950 ).
  14. ↑ Helene Klauser: Cologne Carnival Between Uniform and Lifestyle , 2007, p. 256 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
  15. ↑ A Cologne city anthem conquers Europe. Retrieved February 21, 2014 .
  16. ↑ Ranking list Top 50 Karnevalslieder.de
  17. ↑ The music market: 30 years of singles hit parade , 1989, p. 11
  18. ^ Norbert Linke: Karnevalsschlager , in: Schlager in Deutschland, Ed. Siegmund Helms, 1972, pp. 109–119
  19. ^ Paul Mies: The Cologne folk and carnival song from 1823 to 1923 , A contribution to the cultural history of the city of Cologne in the light of humor, 1964, p. 46