Classical mythology
The term classical mythology usually includes Greek mythology and Roman mythology . This summary is explained by the Interpretatio Romana , the fact that the Romans adopted many of the Greek deities.
Here are some examples:
Greek mythology | Roman mythology | description | |
---|---|---|---|
Hera | Juno | Wife and sister of Zeus at the same time | |
Ares | Mars | God of terrible war, bloodbath and massacre | |
Hephaestus | Vulcanus | God of fire and blacksmithing | |
Aphrodite | Venus | Goddess of love, beauty and sensual desire | |
Poseidon | Neptune | God of the sea, brother of Zeus and one of the twelve Olympian deities | |
Athena | Minerva | Goddess of wisdom, strategy and struggle, art, craft and handicraft | |
Dionysus | Bacchus | God of wine, joy, grapes, fertility, madness and ecstasy | |
Demeter | Ceres | Goddess for the fertility of the earth, the grain, the seeds and the seasons | |
Hermes | Mercury | Patron god of traffic, travelers, merchants and shepherds, on the other hand also the god of thieves | |
Pluton ( Hades ) | Pluto | God of the dead in the depths of the earth | |
Hestia | Vesta | Goddess of the family and state hearth, the hearth and sacrificial fire | |
Apollo | Apollo | God of light, healing, spring, moral purity and temperance, as well as prophecy and the arts | |
Artemis | Diana | Goddess of the hunt, the forest, childbirth and the moon and the guardian of women and children | |
Eros | Cupid | God of covetous love | |
Nike | Victoria | Goddess of victory | |
Pan | Faunus | Shepherd god, a hybrid of a human upper body and a ram or billy goat | |
Eos | Aurora | Goddess of the dawn | |
Tyche | Fortuna | Goddess of destiny, lucky (or bad) fortune and chance | |
Lift | Iuventas | Goddess of youth, "the goddess with the rose cheeks" | |
Selene | Luna | Moon goddess | |
Kronos | Saturnus | The youngest son of Gaia (earth) and Uranus (heaven), leader of the Titans and father of Zeus | |
Persephone | Proserpine | Goddess of the dead, underworld and fertility | |
Gaia | Tellus | The personified earth and one of the first deities | |
Palaimon | Portunus | Melikertes , the son of Ino , the nurse of Dionysus, transformed into a sea deity | |
Rhea | Ops | Daughter of Gaia and Uranus and the wife of her brother Kronos | |
Dike | Lady Justice | Personification of Justice | |
Eris | Discordia | Goddess of discord and strife | |
Peitho | Suada | Goddess of erotic persuasion |
literature
- Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae (LIMC). Artemis-Verlag, Zurich 1981–1999, ISBN 3-7608-8751-1 (9 vols.)
- Michael Grant and John Hazel: Lexicon of Ancient Myths and Figures. 17th edition Dtv, Munich 2003, ISBN 978-3-423-32508-0 .
- Robert von Ranke-Graves : Greek Mythology. Sources and Interpretation. Anaconda Editorial, Cologne 2008, ISBN 978-3-86647-211-2 .
- Mark PO Morford, Robert J. Lenardon, Michael Sham: Classical Mythology. Eleventh edition. Oxford University Press, Oxford 2018, ISBN 9780190851644
Web links
Wikisource: Greek and Roman Mythology - Sources and Full Texts
- Mythology Lexicon (German)
- very detailed online glossary (English)
- Introduction to ancient mythology