Kleinkems

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Kleinkems
Coat of arms of Kleinkems
Coordinates: 47 ° 41 ′ 17 ″  N , 7 ° 31 ′ 24 ″  E
Height : 234 m above sea level NN
Area : 3.71 km²
Residents : 435  (Jan. 1, 2011)
Population density : 117 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : 1st October 1974
Postal code : 79588
Area code : 07628
map
Map of the district of Kleinkems in the municipality of Efringen-Kirchen
Former town hall of Kleinkems - today the seat of the local administration
Former town hall of Kleinkems - today the seat of the local administration

Kleinkems is a district of the municipality of Efringen-Kirchen in the district of Lörrach in Baden-Württemberg . In the district of Kleinkems are the desolations of Vollenburg, Felsenmühle and Neuenburg. In terms of area, Kleinkems is one of the three smaller districts of Efringen-Kirchen and has the smallest population.

Location and transport links

Kleinkems is located northwest of the core town of Efringen-Kirchen on the A 5 and is connected via exit 67. To the south the place is connected to Efringen-Kirchen and its district Istein via the state road L 137 , to the north the district road K 6347 leads to Rheinweiler . In the west, the district is bounded by the Rhine side canal, which is followed by the border with France . Beyond, on the French side , lies the Alsatian municipality of Kembs . To the east of Kleinkems lies the Blansingen district of the Efringen-Kirchen community, which can only be reached via a community road that overcomes the steep slope. Just northeast of the town, the 34.0 extends ha large nature reserve Eichholz-Buchholz . Directly to the south is the 24.0 ha large NSG Blansinger Grien and to the northwest the 70.0 ha large NSG Kapellengrien .

The Isteiner Klotz foothills rise between Kleinkems and Istein . Flint was mined there during the Neolithic Age (especially around 4200-4100 BC) .

The cement plant

In the Gewann Vollenburg, where the quarry of the later cement works was located, traces of older Bohner ore mining were found. A cement works had existed in Kleinkems since 1900. In 1907, the German-Brazilian cigar manufacturer Gerhard Dannemann founded Breisgauer Portland-Cementfabrik GmbH, Kleinkems, and converted the previous lime plant to produce Portland cement . In 1924, Zürcher EG Portland took over all shares in the company. During the Second World War, Ukrainian slave laborers also worked in the cement factory. In 1950 a fire destroyed a number of factory buildings. After investing in laboratory and grinding facilities and expanding the quarry in 1956/57, further investments were made in the following decade to rationalize production, which reduced the workload per ton of cement from 1.29 to 0.51 hours. In 1966 the plant had an annual capacity of 400,000 tons. In 1967 the EG Portland decided to build a new cement plant near Geisingen , because the raw material deposits in the Kleinkems area were judged to be insufficient for the future. After this plant was completed in 1971, there was a significant market slump for EG Portland in 1974/75 , which in 1975 led to the closure of clinker production in Kleinkems. The Kleinkems plant lost half of its workforce and only continued to operate the cement grinding plant with around 125 employees. In 1992 the Swiss Portland-Cementwerk Thayngen AG took over the company and renamed it in 1993 to Breisgauer Cement GmbH . In 1999 there was another change of ownership to the Swiss Holderbank Group, which later called itself Holcim , and in 2014 with the French group Lafarge to LafargeHolcim Ltd. merged. In 2000, Weiler Hupfer GmbH was taken over by Breisgauer Cement GmbH, which then also moved its headquarters to Weil. On June 30, 2001 the cement plant in Kleinkems was shut down. Breisgauer Cement GmbH now operates under the name Holcim (Süddeutschland) GmbH and is part of LafargeHolcim Ltd. In 2007, part of the buildings on the factory site, which had now been taken over by the community development company of the Efringen-Kirchen community, was demolished. Parts of the building were used by Mineralguss Trickes AG until their insolvency in 2017. In 2013, the community development company improved the access to the industrial park on the site of the cement plant. After Trickes went bankrupt, the site was cleared and around 30,000 square meters of commercial land was offered.

coat of arms

“A flaming golden sun in blue over a black fishing boat (Weidling) floating on silver water.” The coat of arms was only awarded in 1905, but takes up motifs from a village seal used in the 19th century.

Attractions

Personalities related to the place

See also

literature

  • Anneliese Müller: Efringen churches. History of the parish parts. In: Department State Description of the State Archives Freiburg im Breisgau (editor): District descriptions of the State of Baden-Württemberg. The district of Loerrach. Volume IA general part. B. Community descriptions Aitern to Inzlingen. C. Sources and literature . Published by the Baden-Württemberg State Archives Directorate in conjunction with the Lörrach district. Jan Thorbecke Verlag, Sigmaringen 1993, ISBN 3-7995-1353-1 . Pp. 716-720
  • Karl Seith : The unveiling of the Hermann Albrecht tablet in Kleinkems. In: Das Markgräflerland, Issue 3 / 4.1937, pp. 112–113 digital copy of the Freiburg University Library
  • Walter Sick: The boatmen from Kleinkems in the prison in Breisach. In: Das Markgräflerland, issue 1/1964, pp. 23-27, digitized version of the Freiburg University Library
  • Walter Sick: Who Owns the Forest? From the division of Blansingen and Kleinkems. In: Das Markgräflerland, issue 1/1966, pp. 56–59, digitized version of the Freiburg University Library
  • Walter Sick: The Rhine toll in Kleinkems. In: Das Markgräflerland, issue 2/1966, pp. 109–114 digitized version of the Freiburg University Library
  • Bruno Richard Rabus: The history of the “Zur Blume” inn in Kleinkems. In: Das Markgräflerland, issue 2/1991, pp. 109–128

Web links

Commons : Kleinkems  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Entry Vollenburg (Wüstung) on discover regional studies online - leobw
  2. ↑ Entry rock mill (desert) on discover geography online - leobw
  3. ^ Entry Neuchâtel (desert) on Discover culture online - leobw
  4. ↑ Statistics on the homepage of the parish Efringen-Kirchen
  5. ↑ See Elisabeth Schmid : The Neolithic mining on Jasper near Kleinkems (Baden). In: Das Markgräflerland , Issue 1/1981, pp. 39–64, digitized version of the Freiburg University Library
  6. ↑ see Winfried Zwernemann: An underground tunnel and passage at the "Vollenburg" in the district of Kleinkems. In: Das Markgräflerland, issue 3 / 4.1977, pp. 311–315 digitized version of the Freiburg University Library
  7. ↑ the company had no connection to the Portland-Cement-Fabrik Heidelberg and Mannheim AG, which later took over the lime works in neighboring Istein as HeidelbergCement AG ; Portland does not stand for a group of companies, but for a type of cement.
  8. ↑ (Portland registered cooperative) see Lucienne Hubler: Portland. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
  9. ↑ Breisgauer history Cement on www.holcim-sued.de
  10. ↑ The Swiss industrialist family Schmidheiny had a decisive influence on EG Portland
  11. ↑ see www.documentatiegroep40-45.nl
  12. ↑ see Breisgauer Portland-Cementfabrik GmbH, Kleinkems. In: Wolfgang Bechtold (editor): Der Kreis Lörrach , Stuttgart and Aalen 1971, p. 258
  13. ^ Breisgauer Portland-Cementfabrik GmbH, Kleinkems. In: Helmut Vocke (editor): Die Chronik des Kreises Lörrach , Waldshut 1966, p. 385
  14. ↑ Excerpt from the commercial register for Portland-Cementwerk Thayngen AG at www.shabex.ch; accessed on January 18, 2019
  15. ↑ since 2004 Holcim Kies und Beton GmbH
  16. ↑ Development of Holcim Kies und Beton GmbH ; accessed on January 18, 2019
  17. ↑ Victoria Langelott: Delicate demolition on the railway line. in: Badische Zeitung of October 12, 2007; accessed on January 18, 2019
  18. ↑ Tunnel half open from autumn. In: Oberbadische Zeitung of July 11, 2013
  19. ↑ Clemens Leutz: Tricks area is being cleared. In: Weiler Zeitung from September 12, 2017
  20. ↑ Harald Huber: Wappenbuch Landkreis Lörrach , Konstanz 1984, p. 48