Efringen churches

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the municipality of Efringen-Kirchen
Efringen churches
Map of Germany, position of the municipality Efringen-Kirchen highlighted

Coordinates: 47 ° 39 '  N , 7 ° 34'  E

Basic data
State : Baden-Württemberg
Administrative region : Freiburg
County : Loerrach
Height : 258 m above sea level NHN
Area : 43.74 km 2
Residents: 8642 (Dec. 31, 2018)
Population density : 198 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 79588
Area code : 07628
License plate : LÖ
Community key : 08 3 36 014
LOCODE : DE SFAO
Community structure: 9 districts
Address of the
municipal administration: 		Hauptstrasse 26
79588 Efringen-Kirchen
Website : www.efringen-kirchen.de
Mayor : Philipp Schmid
Location of the community of Efringen-Kirchen in the district of Lörrach
Frankreich Schweiz Landkreis Waldshut Landkreis Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald Freiburg im Breisgau Aitern Bad Bellingen Binzen Böllen Efringen-Kirchen Efringen-Kirchen Eimeldingen Fischingen (Baden) Fröhnd Grenzach-Wyhlen Zell im Wiesental Häg-Ehrsberg Hasel (Baden) Hausen im Wiesental Inzlingen Kandern Kleines Wiesental Lörrach Malsburg-Marzell Maulburg Rheinfelden (Baden) Rümmingen Rümmingen Schallbach Schliengen Schönau im Schwarzwald Schönau im Schwarzwald Schönau im Schwarzwald Schönau im Schwarzwald Schönau im Schwarzwald Schönau im Schwarzwald Schönenberg (Schwarzwald) Schopfheim Schwörstadt Steinen (Baden) Todtnau Tunau Utzenfeld Weil am Rhein Wembach Wembach Wembach Wieden (Schwarzwald) Wittlingen Wittlingen Zell im Wiesental Zell im Wiesental Zell im Wiesentalmap
About this picture

Efringen-Kirchen is a municipality in the Lörrach district and the westernmost municipality in Baden-Württemberg . The community was created in 1942 through the merger of the two old villages of Efringen and Kirchen .

The former municipality of Efringen-Kirchen corresponds to today's district of Efringen-Kirchen . With the community reform of 1974 eight previously independent communities were incorporated as new districts. Thus, the community Efringen-Kirchen today consists of nine districts.

geography

Geographical location

Efringen-Kirchen lies in the Upper Rhine Plain at an altitude of 240 to 396 meters and borders directly on the Rhine, which forms the border with France here. It is part of the Markgräfler Land .

Neighboring communities

The community borders in the north on Bad Bellingen and the city of Kandern , in the east on Schallbach and Fischingen , in the south on Eimeldingen and in the west on the French communities Rosenau and Kembs .

Districts

The community of Efringen-Kirchen today consists of nine districts:

  • Blansingen (with the Sonnenhof residential area)
  • Efringen-Kirchen (with living quarters Brit's courtyards, narrow mill and Seebodenhof): in the northwest of the suburb to the Lutheran Church , the historic settlement core is of Efringen while that of churches in the South, to the Church of Christ , is
  • Egringen
  • Huttingen
  • Is a
  • Kleinkems (with the deserted areas of Vollenburg, Felsenmühle and Neuenburg)
  • Mappach (with Maugenhard's living space and Linda)
  • Welmlingen
  • Wintersweiler (with the Bübingen desert)

history

Until the 18th century

Archaeological finds in Efringen churches attest that the area was already settled in the Stone Age and during the Roman and Alemannic times. At the Isteiner Klotz was in the Neolithic, between 4200 and 4100 BC. BC, flint mined. During construction work on the Rhine Valley Railway , a Roman fountain from the 2nd or 3rd century was discovered. The place Kirchen was first mentioned in documents in 815, the place Efringen in 1113. Kirchen came in 1007 through King Heinrich II. To the monastery of St. Georgen in the Black Forest . The villages of Efringen and Kirchen as well as Eimeldingen were sold in 1431 for 1650 guilders by the Knight Empire of Reichenstein to Wilhelm Margrave von Hachberg-Sausenberg . The Baden margraves soon received sovereignty. Efringen was under the monastery of St. Blasien for a long time .

19th and 20th centuries

Despite the introduction of the Reformation by the margravial sovereignty, it held on to its rights until the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss of 1803.

On November 8, 1848, the Schliengen –Efringen section of the Rhine Valley Railway was opened. On January 22, 1851, the extension to Haltingen took place . Until the Treaty of Versailles in 1919, both communities also had possessions on the left bank of the Rhine.

Efringen and churches were merged in 1942 to form the parish of Efringen-Kirchen. On October 1, 1974, the then independent communities and today's districts of Efringen-Kirchen, Blansingen, Egringen, Huttingen, Istein, Kleinkems, Mappach (with Maugenhard), Welmlingen and Wintersweiler were combined to form the new Efringen-Kirchen community.

History of the incorporated districts

Blansingen

Blansingen

The first documented mention of Blansingen comes from 1094. At that time parts of the village became the property of the St. Georgen monastery in the Black Forest . In 1464 the place passed to the Margraves of Hachberg-Sausenberg . The Romanesque St. Peter's Church in Blansingen dates back to 1173, when it was first mentioned. The picture walls from the 15th century are remarkable.

Egringen

Egringen

Egringen was first mentioned in a document as early as 758 under the name Aguringas . A large part of the village came to the St. Gallen Monastery before the turn of the first millennium . In the 14th century, the place came to the margraves, who enfeoffed the barons of Grünenberg . The most important sights are the Zehntenscheuer, the church (first mentioned around 775, location was unknown), the Stapflehuus, the old mill and the town hall.

Huttingen

Huttingen

As the last suburb, Huttingen was first mentioned in a document in 1274. At that time it belonged to the Margraves of Hachberg . These ceded sovereignty to the Principality of Basel in 1365 . Only through the secularization due to the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss the place came in 1803 to the Grand Duchy of Baden .

Is a

Is a
Is a

Istein was first mentioned in a document in 1139 when Pope Innocent II confirmed the place as property to the Prince Bishopric of Basel . Like Huttingen, it belonged to the prince-bishopric of Schliengen until 1803 , before it came to Baden in 1803.

The local mountain Isteiner Klotz belongs to Istein , and the railway used to have to build three tunnels (Klotzentunnel, Kirchberg tunnel and Hardberg tunnel) to overcome it and, more recently, the Katzenberg tunnel . The Klotzentunnel, completed in 1845, was one of the first railway tunnels. Large fortifications were built on the Isteiner Klotz for both world wars, as one could observe and shoot from up there as far as Alsace. In the Neolithic Age, flint was mined at the Isteiner Klotz.

The Isteiner thresholds , a dangerous obstacle for shipping on the Rhine to Basel, were an important reason for the construction of the Rhine canal from Weil am Rhein to Breisach . Today the Isteiner thresholds are a popular place for swimming in the Rhine.

Istein lives mainly from viticulture, asparagus growing and the lime works. With around 1200 inhabitants, the village is the second largest suburb of the Efringen-Kirchen community. There are many historical half-timbered houses, the oldest dating from 1553. Famous is the Isteiner Fasnacht, the carnival fire on the Isteiner Klotz and the Chlimsefest , which takes place on Whitsun in leap years .

Kleinkems

Kleinkems

The oldest surviving document (1086) mentions Kleinkems under the name Kambiz as a gift to the Sankt Georgen monastery in the Black Forest . From 1103 it belonged to the Lords of Rötteln . In 1939 a cave was discovered at the Isteiner Klotz , which is to be regarded as a mine from the Neolithic age for the extraction of flint and jasper .
see also Vollenburg

Mappach

Mappach

Mappach was first mentioned in a document in 874. It belonged to the Principality of Basel for a long time , but came to Baden in 1803.

The frescoes in the choir of the Protestant church were rediscovered in the 1930s and date from around 1500.

Welmlingen

Welmlingen

Like Efringen, Welmlingen was first mentioned in a document in 1113, when the Lords of Waldeck ceded their rights to the place to the St. Blasien monastery . The sovereign rights had been with the rule of Rötteln since the 14th century.

Wintersweiler

Wintersweiler

In 909 Wintersweiler was first mentioned in the St. Gallen document book as Witireswilare . It later also belonged to the Rötteln rule. But already in 1386 Rudolf III. from Hachberg-Sausenberg the place. During the Thirty Years' War , the town suffered from crop failures and looting by troops passing through, as well as from the plague in 1639. The residents found partial protection in Basel . In the years 1650 and 1750, the church registers document immigration from Switzerland. The current church in the village dates from 1765.

religion

With the exception of today's districts of Huttingen and Istein, which belonged to the diocese of Basel and therefore remained Roman Catholic , the area of ​​today's community has been evangelical since the Reformation . Today there are three Protestant parishes, a Chrischona parish and a Catholic parish based in Istein. According to the 2011 census , 50.3% of the residents of Efringen churches were Protestant, 23.4% Catholic and 26.3% belonged to another or no religious community.

The district Kirchen was by a decree of the margrave since 1720 "Judenschutzplatz". The Jewish community, which had its own cemetery in Gewann Kehlacker since 1865 , temporarily made up around 20% of the town's residents. It was destroyed by the National Socialists . After 1945 and into the 21st century, the Jewish cemetery was desecrated (1965, 1973, 1977 and 2003).

politics

Municipal council

The local elections on May 26, 2019 led to the following result with a turnout of 64.8% (2014: 54.9%):

Party / list Share of votes Seats 2014 result
CDU / Independent 35.7% 7th 39.9%, 10 seats
Alliance 90 / The Greens 24.3% 5 21.5%, 5 seats
FDP / Free Citizens 23.9% 5 21.2%, 5 seats
SPD 16.0% 3 17.4%, 4 seats

mayor

In the mayoral election on December 21, 2014, Philipp Schmid was elected mayor in the second ballot with 54% of the valid votes cast.

coat of arms

Kleinkems

Blazon : "Split, in front in red an upright golden lion turned to the left, behind in silver a red Basel staff ." While the lion symbolizes the rule of Rötteln, the Basel staff stands for the former Prince Diocese of Basel . The coat of arms thus refers to previous ownership.

Kleinkems
Kleinkems
Kleinkems

The coats of arms of the formerly independent communities are no longer used today: The Efringen coat of arms showed a golden overturned Drudenfuß (pentagram) on a red background, on the coat of arms of churches was a church, the coat of arms of the community of Efringen-Kirchen, formed in 1942, was a combination these two coats of arms in a different color.

Culture and sights

Old school

Museums

The museum in the old school has existed in Efringen-Kirchen since 1993 . The main focus of the permanent exhibition is the Markgräfler jasper, Middle and Neolithic finds (caves on the Isteiner Klotz, jasper mine of Kleinkems), land surveying of the 18th century, village life around 1900 and selected works by important artists of the region. The museum is open Sunday and Wednesday from 2 p.m. to 5 p.m. and by appointment.

Peterskiche in Blansingen

Memorials

At the entrance to the Jewish cemetery in the Kirchen district , a memorial plaque commemorates 21 named citizens of the village and members of the Jewish community who were victims of the Shoah during the Nazi era .

Buildings

The Peterskirche in Blansingen has frescoes from around 1440. The St. Gallus Church in Egringen partly even dates from the 13th century.

Economy and Infrastructure

traffic

Efringen-Kirchen is located on the Rhine Valley Railway ( Mannheim - Basel ). The expansion of the Rhine Valley Railway is taking place, among other things, through the largest single construction project by Deutsche Bahn, the Katzenberg Tunnel , whose south portal is about one kilometer east of Efringen and which was opened to traffic in 2012. The tunnel drilling was completed in autumn 2007.

Regional trains of DB Regio AG stop at the stations in Kleinkems, Istein and Efringen-Kirchen.

The federal motorway 5 ( Alsfeld - Weil am Rhein ) and the federal road 3 ( Buxtehude - Weil am Rhein), which cross the municipality, connect Efringen-Kirchen to the national road network.

Established businesses

Istein lime works

Education and Research

In addition to the Efringen-Kirchen elementary , technical and secondary school , Egringen has a pure elementary school. There are six municipal and two Protestant (in Egringen and Wintersweiler) kindergartens for the youngest residents .

In addition, there is a branch of the Freiburg Fraunhofer Institute for Short-Term Dynamics ( Ernst Mach Institute - EMI) of the Fraunhofer Society in Efringen .

Personalities

Sons and daughters

View over Mappach and the Feuerbach valley to the Hochblauen, half right the hamlet of Maugenhard

Honorary citizen

  • 1957: Hermann Burte (1879–1960), German poet and painter, advocate of ethnic ideology and supporter of National Socialist ideas

literature

  • Robert Lais: The cave on the Kachelfluh near Kleinkems in the Baden Oberland. A jasper pit and burial site from the early Stone Age. With contributions by R. Bay and HG Stehlin; Urban-Verlag Freiburg im Breisgau 1948.
  • Local history of Kleinkems. Contributions to the local, landscape, settlement and family history. Published by the Kleinkems local authority in 1978; Ortschronik and Ortssippenbuch.
  • Joseph Bader: Efringen. A Breisgauische Dorfgeschichte , In: Badenia or the Baden region and people, second volume, Heidelberg 1862, pp. 376–391 in the Google book search
  • Albert Köbele and Fritz Schülin: Ortssippenbuch Efringen-Kirchen, district Lörrach in Baden, 1579–1957 . 2nd Edition. Grafenhausen: Köbele 1968 (= Badische Ortssippenbücher 10)
  • Albert Köbele: Dorfsippenbuch Egringen, district of Lörrach in Baden, 1581–1957 . Grafenhausen: Köbele 1957 (= Badische Ortssippenbücher 8)
  • Eugen Eble: Ortssippenbuch Istein and Huttingen, district of Lörrach in Baden . Grafenhausen: Köbele 1970 (= Badische Ortssippenbücher 24)
  • Walter Sick: Local clerk register Kleinkems, Efringen-Kirchen community, Lörrach / Baden district . Grafenhausen: Köbele 1977 (= Badische Ortssippenbücher 40), processed period 1584–1974
  • Helmut Fehse, Günter Henn and Dietmar Strohmeier: Local family book Wintersweiler (1528–2014), part of the community of Efringen-Kirchen. Efringen-Kirchen: Local administration Wintersweiler 2014 (= Badische Ortssippenbücher 164)
  • Felix Poeschel: The entire community of Efringen churches. Changing villages. In: Das Markgräflerland, issue 1/1993, pp. 5-8 digitized version of the Freiburg University Library

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg - Population by nationality and gender on December 31, 2018 (CSV file) ( help on this ).
  2. ↑ Entry churches (old community / suburb) on discover geography online - leobw
  3. ↑ Efringen churches: districts
  4. ↑ Entry Blansingen (old community / suburb) on discover geography online - leobw
  5. ↑ Entry Sonnenhof (living space) on discover regional studies online - leobw
  6. ↑ Entry Britschenhöfe (living space) on discover geography online - leobw
  7. ↑ Entry Engemühle (living space) on discover regional studies online - leobw
  8. ↑ Entry Seebodenhof (living space) on Discover regional studies online - leobw
  9. ↑ Entry Egringen (old community / suburb) on discover geography online - leobw
  10. ↑ Entry Huttingen (old community / suburb) on discover regional studies online - leobw
  11. ↑ Entry Kleinkems (old community / suburb) on discover geography online - leobw
  12. ↑ Entry Vollenburg (Wüstung) on discover regional studies online - leobw
  13. ↑ Entry rock mill (desert) on discover geography online - leobw
  14. ^ Entry Neuchâtel (desert) on Discover culture online - leobw
  15. ↑ Entry Mappach (old community / part of town) on discover regional studies online - leobw
  16. ↑ Entry Maugenhard (living space) on discover regional studies online - leobw
  17. ^ Entry Bübingen (Wüstung) on Discover regional studies online - leobw
  18. ↑ Entry Welmlingen (old community / suburb) on discover geography online - leobw
  19. ↑ Entry Wintersweiler (old community / suburb) on discover geography online - leobw
  20. ^ Entry Bübingen (Wüstung) on Discover regional studies online - leobw
  21. ^ Badische Zeitung Online - excavators uncover Roman wells
  22. ↑ http://query.staatsarchiv.bs.ch/query/detail.aspx?ID=593124
  23. ↑ Entry Maugenhard (living space) on discover regional studies online - leobw
  24. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 521 .
  25. ↑ https://results.zensus2011.de/#dynTable:statUnit=PERSON;absRel=PROZENT;ags=083360014014;agsAxis=X;yAxis=RELIGION_KURZ
  26. ^ Jewish cemetery (churches) near Alemannia Judaica .
  27. ↑ http://www.swr.de/landesschau-aktuell/bw/suedbaden/wahl-in-efringen-kirchen-philipp-schmid-neuer-buergermeister/-/id=1552/nid=1552/did=14766656/zezcxm /index.html , accessed February 9, 2015
  28. ↑ Memorial sites for the victims of National Socialism. A documentation, Volume I, Bonn 1995, p. 31, ISBN 3-89331-208-0
  29. ^ Efringen-Kirchen: Sale completed: The Istein lime works belongs to the Belgian Lhoist. Badische Zeitung, June 30, 2015, accessed on May 13, 2017 .
  30. ^ HeidelbergCement: Istein lime works

Web links

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