Climbing area

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The Saxon Switzerland climbing area is characterized by a particularly independent climbing culture (development history, own climbing rules)

A climbing area is a region with opportunities to practice climbing . In addition to the geographical proximity of the climbing opportunities, the characteristics of the climbing requirements and the development are also used to delimit climbing areas .

Demarcation

Climbing areas are often not clearly demarcated, so that different competing systems based on different criteria can be found in the literature. Furthermore, climbing areas can be hierarchically divided into individual subgroups, climbing rocks, climbing gardens or sectors and can have very different sizes. In many cases, the definition and area delimitation, including the division into sub-areas, is carried out by the respective climbing guide authors . In other cases, however, there are also generally recognized classifications, which can also be stipulated by official regulations with regard to environmental protection. In Germany, the classification in the rock information system of the German Alpine Club is often used.

Climbing areas are mostly maintained by local organized groups. This includes setting up new climbing routes and maintaining and refurbishing old ones . Climbing guides are also published and updated.

history

One reason for the development of independent and distinct climbing areas can be found in the different geological and natural geographic conditions. Since, for example, different rock heights and different rocks such as limestone , sandstone or granite require different climbing techniques and styles as well as safety techniques adapted to the respective circumstances, there were very independent developments in climbing in the Elbe Sandstone Mountains , in the Lake District or in the 19th century Fontainebleau Forest . The isolation of these widely separated areas solidified the emergence of independent climbing cultures with specific customs, levels of difficulty and techniques.

In the course of increasing mobility, distance as a criterion became less important and there was a stronger exchange of regional characteristics. The discussion of different climbing cultures was sometimes quite controversial. So the popular in France was about sport climbing with good protection by bolts as controversial as the question of the technical climbing , and some climbing areas attached great importance to a conscious differentiation from other areas with a competing climbing ethics. Today, areas with different characteristics are often just next to each other. It is considered common among climbers to respect the prevailing customs.

Zone regulation in the Northern Franconian Jura climbing area

Today, the concerns of nature conservation are an essential driver for a uniform recording, zoning, development and regulation of climbing areas. The conflicting interests of climbers and nature conservationists, as well as the development of regulations for the care of climbing areas, have been addressed above all by regional interest groups ( IG Climbing ) and some alpine clubs. There is no uniform approach to climbing. The practical implementation ranges from complete, controversial rock closures to mutually agreed regulations and self-regulation.The Austrian state of Tyrol promotes climbing in many areas with the Climbers Paradise project , while climbing is restricted on Hohen Ifen in Vorarlberg , for example .

Classification criteria

Climbing areas differ in terms of their properties according to:

List of climbing areas (selection)

Siurana climbing area , one of the most important modern sport climbing areas today

Germany

Important sport climbing areas in Germany:

Switzerland

  • Basel Jura
  • Lehnfluh
  • Ponte Brolla
  • Saint Loup
  • Handegg
  • Obverse (Magic Wood)
  • Cresciano

Austria

Rest of Europe

Important sport climbing areas in Europe:

Outside of Europe

Important sport climbing areas outside of Europe:

Literature list for climbing area guides

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Frank M. Hannich: Destination brands in special interest tourism: illustrated using the example of climbing tourism . DUV, 2007, ISBN 978-3-8350-0883-0 , pp. 35 ( books.google.at ).
  2. ↑ ( page no longer available , search in web archives: dav-felsinfo.de )@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.dav-felsinfo.de
  3. ↑ a b c Peter Grupp: Fascination Mountain: the history of alpinism . Böhlau Verlag, Weimar 2008, ISBN 978-3-412-20086-2 , p. 102-103 ( books.google.at ).
  4. ↑ a b Peter Grupp: Fascination Mountain: The History of Alpinism . Böhlau Verlag, Weimar 2008, ISBN 978-3-412-20086-2 , p. 254–255 ( books.google.at [accessed June 18, 2011]).
  5. ↑ Hans-Joachim Schemel, Wilfried Erbguth: Handbook Sport and Environment . 3. Edition. Meyer & Meyer, 2000, ISBN 978-3-89124-623-8 , pp. 317 ff . ( books.google.at [accessed June 18, 2011]).
  6. ↑ ( page no longer available , search in web archives: Bundesverband IG Klettern )@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.ig-klettern.de
  7. ↑ Climbers Paradise