St. Hildegard (Eibingen)
The Catholic pilgrimage and former parish church of St. Hildegard and St. John the Baptist is usually referred to only as St. Hildegard . It is located in Eibingen , a district of Rüdesheim am Rhein and was built on the remains of the former monastery church of St. Hildegard , whose relics have been here since 1641. The east wing, the surrounding walls and the ground monuments of the old monastery have largely been preserved.
Today St. Hildegard is a branch church of the parish Heilig Kreuz Rheingau, a new type of parish. The so-called Rheingau Cathedral in Geisenheim has also been the parish church of Eibingen since 2015 .
history
1148 the noblewoman Marka of Rüdesheim donated at this location an Augustinian - double monastery . The building, which was empty after being pillaged by the troops of Friedrich Barbarossa, was repopulated in 1165 by Hildegard von Bingen and Benedictine nuns . In contrast to the sister monastery in Rupertsberg , not only aristocratic but also non-aristocratic women were accepted here. In 1575 only three sisters lived in the monastery, who finally moved to the nearby Marienhausen monastery of the Cistercians near Aulhausen . Augustinian choir women fleeing from St. Peter near Bad Kreuznach were able to move into the Eibingen monastery before the Reformation . In 1603, the abbess of Rupertsberg Monastery, Cunigundis Freiin von Dehrn , had the monastery returned. Since then, the abbesses have carried the title "von Rupertsberg and Eibingen".
After the Rupertsberg Monastery was destroyed by the Swedes in the Thirty Years' War in 1632 , the nuns moved to Eibingen in 1641, after stopping off in Cologne and Mainz. Abbess Anna Lerch von Dirmstein was able to save the relic of St. Hildegard and Hildegard's treasure in the Eibingen monastery. Various manuscripts, including the book of Scivias of St. Hildegard, were saved.
The church and monastery were partially rebuilt in 1681–1684 by Giovanni Angelo Barella from Mainz under the Abbess Scholastica von Manteuffel and 1736–1752 by Johann Valentin Thomann , also from Mainz. The basement and stable masonry from Hildegard's time have been preserved. In 1802 the monastery was closed and in 1814 it was cleared by the government of Nassau . The entire interior was sold to the recently rebuilt Rochus Chapel near Bingen . Most of the relics of St. Rupert von Bingen and his mother St. Berta von Bingen went there. The collection of the reliquary treasure collected by Hildegard, known as the Eibinger reliquary, remained in the Eibingen church. The rising parts of the south and west wings of the monastery were demolished in 1817. In 1831 the monastery church became a Catholic parish church . It replaced the dilapidated village church, from which the patronage of John the Baptist was taken over.
New building
After a fire on the night of September 3rd to 4th, 1932, the church was not rebuilt in the old, baroque style. The result was a barrel-vaulted brick building in contemporary form with an exterior altar based on designs by the Frankfurt architects Hans (1872–1952) and Christoph Rummel (1881–1961), which was built on the foundation walls of the old monastery. Style elements of the former monastery church have been adopted. The inauguration took place in 1935. The east wing of the former monastery has served as the rectory and the historic cellar as the episcopal winery of the Limburg diocese.
The Hildegard sculpture on the outer south corner of the church made of Franconian shell limestone from 1957 comes from Franz Bernhard from Frankfurt. It is intended to commemorate the pilgrimage that has been carried out on September 17th on the feast of St. Hildegard since 1857 .
Furnishing
Nothing is left of the original baroque church furnishings today. Four wooden figures from the former high altar by Johann Georg Biterich are now in the Catholic parish church of St. Bartholomew in Fehlheim .
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| Church window by Ludwig Baur , Telgte | |||||
The relic of St. Hildegard has been kept since 1929 in a reliquary made of gold-plated copper, which was made by the goldsmith Josef Kleefisch from Cologne based on a design by the Benedictine Radbod Commandeur from Maria Laach . In the anniversary year of 1998, after extensive interior renovations, the Hildegardis shrine was relocated to the choir.
The two side altars, with the terracotta groups Maria and Josef, were created by the famous Munich painter and sculptor Professor August Weckbecker (1888–1939), who grew up in Lorch , in 1939, the year of his sudden death.
The interior of today's church with the altarpiece, pebble stone mosaics and the windows was made by the artist Ludwig Baur from Telgte. The glass paintings created in 1961 show three windows on the left side of the church, each with 7 depictions of plants, which Hildegard von Bingen described as particularly effective. The six windows on the right are freely created according to your visions. They show the creation, redemption and completion of the world. The windows were manufactured by Hein Derrix from Kevelaer. The template for the mosaic of the altarpiece, created in 1965 for the 800th year of the monastery 's foundation, was panel 11 of the Scivias Codex " The original source of life - the true trinity in true unity ". The three-part mosaic " Vita St. Hildegardis " with scenes from the life and work of the saints dates from 1969.
Altarpiece mosaic by Ludwig Baur from 1965
Mary with baby Jesus and grape on the St. Mary's altar created by August Weckbecker
Joseph Altar of August Weckbecker
St. Hildegard figure by an unknown artist
organ
The organ was made in 1964 by the Bonn organ builder Johannes Klais . The instrument has 25 registers (1714 pipes ) on two manuals and a pedal .
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- Coupling II / I, I / P, II / P
The old Eibingen monastery and the St. Hildegard abbey
In the tradition of the old monastery, the St. Hildegard Abbey was built above Eibingen between 1900 and 1904 and settled by Benedictine nuns from the St. Gabriel Abbey in Prague. Eibingen is home to the old and the new monastery of St. Hildegard.
literature
- W. Krammes, B. Jakobs, H. Gräff (Hrsg.): The churches in the Middle Rhine Valley. Guide to the buildings of the UNESCO World Heritage Middle Rhine. Michael Imhof Verlag, Petersberg 2008, ISBN 978-3-86568-237-6 .
- Werner Schäfke : The Rhine from Mainz to Cologne. Dumont art travel guide. DuMont Buchverlag, 1995, ISBN 3-7701-1142-7 .
- Heike Koschyk: Hildegard von Bingen. A life in the light. 4th edition. Aufbau-Verlag, 2011, ISBN 978-3-7466-2522-5 .
- Hildegard von Bingen. Places of work. Series hagiography / iconography / folklore. 4th edition. Schnell & Steiner publishing house, Regensburg 2008, ISBN 978-3-7954-8000-4 .
- St. Hildegard Rüdesheim-Eibingen , Schnell Art Guide No. 2308, 2nd edition, Verlag Schnell & Steiner, Regensburg 1999, ISBN 3-7954-6070-0 .
- Matthias Schmandt: Hildegard von Bingen and the Eibingen monastery. Revision of a historical tradition. In: Nassauische Annalen 125 (2014), pp. 29–52.
Individual evidence
- ↑ https://heilig-kreuz-rheingau.de/beitrag/die-13-kirchorte-der-pfarrei-heilig-kreuz-rheingau/
- ^ Regina Elisabeth Schwerdtfeger et al .: The Benedictine monastery and nunnery in Hesse. 2004, p. 139.
- ↑ Saint Hildegard, St. Hildegard Abbey: Hildegard von Bingen. Prophetess through the ages. 1997, p. 505 books.google.de .
- ↑ Dr. Karl Busch: August Weckbecker 1888–1939. Schnell & Steiner, Munich - Zurich 1963 / page 26 - catalog raisonné
Web links
- Archives about Eibingen Monastery in the Hessian Main State Archive, Wiesbaden
- Parish St. Hildegard, Eibingen ( Memento from July 23, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
- Church fire - The old parish church of St. Hildegard ( Memento from December 30, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
- Eibingen Monastery / St. Hildegard Abbey on rheingau.de
Coordinates: 49 ° 59 ′ 9.2 " N , 7 ° 55 ′ 41.6" E