Knutons
The knights Knuth or Knutonen were an old knightly family in Thuringia and Saxony . They are often mentioned in documents, mostly as witnesses. In the 17th century the Thuringian families Knuth / Knaut died out. The noble families " von Knut (h) " occurring in the north of Germany partly have common ancestors in the Knutonen, but their lines separated as early as the 13th century.
Origin and variants of names
Alfred Schmekel suspected in his book "Historisch topografische Beschreibung des Hochstiftes Merseburg" from 1858 that the name Knute could be derived from the Middle High German adjective "knuz", which means something like "combative".
They are written: Knuth, Knuten, Knute, Knůt, Knyt, Knuit, Knuto, Knutho, also with the nickname of divorces, family name: Knutonen, Knutones, Cnutones. The difference in spelling with and without the “h” behind the “t” is irrelevant. Knaut , Knauth , Canutus, Cnaut are Latinized spellings of Knuth and are identical to them. The spellings Kunitz, Kunich, Kuradt could previously be original. not occupied or assigned to the family.
The Knutsche sex only rarely put the nobility prefix “von” in front of the family name. As a rule, it refrained from mentioning the title of nobility, as its nobility was generally known.
history
First mentioned in 1140 with Hainrich Knot and in 1174 in Merseburg documents. During the rainy season of the Thuringian Landgrave Albrecht and his son Friedrich the Bitten, the Knutonen were their counselors and were highly regarded at the court.
The Knutonen also settled in the county of Groitzsch , south of Leipzig . The places Knauthain , Knautnaundorf and Knautkleeberg (manor 1190) as well as Knöteberg (Knateberg, wüst ) were in their possession and owe their names to the Knaut family.
The Thuringian family Knut (h) / Knaut (h), which belonged to the Stiftsvasallen ( nostri fideles ) of the diocese of Merseburg and the Thuringian Landgraves, owned goods in central Germany in the 13th and 14th centuries, in the middle Saale and lower Unstrut . They were among others castellans of the castles Burgscheidungen , Allstedt , Sachsenburg , Beichlingen , Kelbra , Weißenfels and probably also from Leipzig . They also added the places they owned or where they had family residences to their names, including Scheidingen, Bottendorf, Teuditz, Hayn / Indagine, Markwerben (1312–1315), Breitenbuch, Weißenfels, Zwenkau and Cornere (?).
The family owned goods in Agnesdorf (1463–1670), Bischofrode (1463), Burgscheidungen (1230–1294), Borxleben (1324–1364), Bedra (1260–1321) in Thuringia and Meißen, on the middle Saale and lower Unstrut , Bad Bibra (1315–1388), Braunsdorf, Breitungen , Gehofen (1346–1525), Großkorbetha (1290), Kachstedt (1525–1553), Kämmeritz, Kelbra (1478–1486), Kirchscheidungen (1294–1425), Landgrafroda , Langendorf (1230–1315), Möckerling, Muttlau (near Langendorf, 1290–1298), Mönchpfiffel (1279), Neumark, Niederbösa , Ober- and Untergreißlau (1275–1290), Oeglitzsch (1286), Ostramondra (1461–1596 / 1612 ), Penrik (1416, Pennrich), Pulschitz (1292–1302, desert near Weißenfels ), Questenberg (1453–1670), Ringleben (1440–1448), Thal- and Bergwinkel, Sachsenburg near Oldisleben (1279–1312), Teuchern ( 1349), Teuditz (1244–1322, belongs to the municipality of Tollwitz since 1937 ), Thalheim (1496), Voigtstedt (1453), Wickerode (1463–1585), Winkel, Wulferode (1463), Zorbau (1290), Weißenfels (1288– 1308). (Kämmeritz, Möckerling, Neumark and Zorbau fell victim to lignite mining in Geiseltal at the beginning of the 20th century and no longer exist today.) It was also in Saxony, Mecklenburg, Brandenburg, Hesse, Pomerania, Prussia, Anhalt, Schwarzburg and im Stolberg is home to and wealthy.
Important representatives
- Knaut, knight, captain of Allstedt Castle in 1260
- Herman Knaut, 1295 councilor of the Thuringian Landgrave Friedrich
- Konrad Knaut, 1325 canon in Bamberg
- Albrecht Knaut, 1347 to 1367, provost in Bautzen and canon of Meißen
- Konrad Knaut, 1366 to 1385 cathedral vicar in Meissen
- Friedrich Knaut, 1400 canon and from 1410 to 1434 dean of Halberstadt Cathedral of St. Stephen
- Albrecht Knaut, brother of the Teutonic Order in Golub in 1436
- Hans Knauth the Elder († around 1485), knight, bailiff of Sangerhausen and feudal man of the Counts of Stolberg
- Hans Knaut, sat on the Eichsfeld, bailiff for (Giesel-) Werder, 1505–1511 councilor of Landgrave Wilhelm d. Ä. of Hessen
coat of arms
The coat of arms is divided three or four times by silver and black. Different helmet decorations: 1.) open flight, like the shield drawn and tinged, 2.) a peacock mirror. 3.) two, as the shield indicated, buffalo horns. Ceilings: black and silver.
The branch of the family later living in the Harz region uses silver-red instead of silver-black.
Historical coat of arms variants
Coat of arms of Knuth Knuth in Siebmacher's coat of arms book from 1605
Knaut coat of arms in Siebmacher's coat of arms book from 1884
Knaut coat of arms in Siebmacher's coat of arms book from 1908
literature
- Rüdiger Bier: 1500 years of history and stories of the manorial seats for church divisions and castle divisions , self-published by Rittergut Kirchscheidungen 2009
