Le Kremlin-Bicetre

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Le Kremlin-Bicetre
Coat of arms of Le Kremlin-Bicêtre
Le Kremlin-Bicêtre (France)
Le Kremlin-Bicetre
region Île-de-France
Department Val-de-Marne
Arrondissement L'Haÿ-les-Roses
Canton Le Kremlin Bicêtre (main town)
Community association Métropole du Grand Paris and
Grand-Orly Seine Bièvre
Coordinates 48 ° 49 ′  N , 2 ° 21 ′  E Coordinates: 48 ° 49 ′  N , 2 ° 21 ′  E
height 45-115 m
surface 1.54 km 2
Residents 25,334 (January 1, 2017)
Population density 16,451 inhabitants / km 2
Post Code 94270
INSEE code 94043
Website kremlinbicetre.fr

town hall

Le Kremlin-Bicêtre is a French commune that borders Paris to the south and is located in the Val-de-Marne department in the Île-de-France region . It has 25,334 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017), who are called the Kremlinois . Le Kremlin Bicetre is known for its University Hospital Center Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Kremlin Bicetre and the existing at the same site before the hospital and prison Bicetre .

geography

Le Kremlin-Bicêtre is part of the Petite couronne , d. H. of the departments directly surrounding the capital Paris . It borders Paris to the north, Gentilly to the west, Arcueil to the south-west, Villejuif to the south and Ivry-sur-Seine to the east .

The urban area occupies the northernmost branch of a plateau, which is bounded to the east by the valley of the Seine, which flows here roughly to the northwest, and to the west by that of the north-running Bièvre , a tributary of the Seine that has been in this section since the early 20th century is condemned .

Le Kremlin-Bicêtre is separated from Paris, which borders the city to the north, by the Boulevard périphérique city ​​motorway at the level of the Porte d'Italie . The western city limits to Gentilly and Arcueil are formed by the eastern branch of the A 6 motorway , which runs in the Bièvretal, and the A 6b, which runs largely in a tunnel.

Le Kremlin-Bicêtre belongs to the arrondissement of L'Haÿ-les-Roses . Until the territorial reform of the greater Paris area in 1968, the city belonged to the Seine department . Today it is located in the north-west of the Val-de-Marne department .

history

In 1286, Jean de Pontoise, Bishop of Winchester, acquired a farm called La Grange-aux-Queulx and the land belonging to it, which was built in the Bièvre valley at the beginning of the 13th century during the reign of Louis VIII of France . In the place of the farm, the new owner built a country house named after the diocese of its owner, whose name in French was first Vincestre , then Bichestre, Bicestre and finally Bicêtre .

At the end of the 14th century, the Duke of Berry had the ruined castle rebuilt; shortly before his death in 1416 he bequeathed it to the bishops of Notre-Dame-des-Champs. In 1519, François I confiscated the castle, which had been badly damaged in the Hundred Years War, and from 1520 had it cannibalized as a quarry. In 1632, Cardinal Richelieu ordered the final demolition with the aim of building a facility for war veterans on the site. The project was after the deaths of Richelieu and King Louis XIII. not completed, but the dedication of the place as a hospice was justified.

After Louis XIV had issued a decree on the imprisonment of beggars and vagabonds in 1656 and those arrested as a result were housed in Bicêtre, among other places, the facility served as a prison from then on. In the 17th and 18th centuries, shops opened up on the road to Paris.

After Napoleon's Russian campaign in 1812 , the hospice took in numerous war veterans. A cabaret opened nearby, the owner of which named the establishment Au sergent du Kremlin , alluding to the Moscow Kremlin . As a result, the neighborhood gradually came to be called the Kremlin . The name officially appeared for the first time on a general staff card from 1832.

By law of December 13, 1896, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre was split off from Gentilly and became an independent municipality. The socialist Eugène Thomas was elected the city's first mayor in 1897; He was followed by Georges Gérard (1919–1944), Gabriel Brion (1945–1947), Antoine Lacroix (1947–1983), Claudine Décimo (1983–1995), Jean-Luc Laurent (1995–2016) and 2016 Jean-Marc Nicolle.

education

Attractions

Personalities

  • Lucien Faucheux (1899–1980), track cyclist
  • Lazare Ponticelli (1897-2008), the last French veteran of the First World War, spent a large part of his life in Le Kremlin-Bicêtre.
  • Kamelancien ( Kamel Jdayni Houari ) (* 1978), rapper

literature

  • Le Patrimoine des Communes du Val-de-Marne . 2nd Edition. Flohic Editions, Charenton-le-Pont 1994, ISBN 2-908958-94-5 .

Web links

Commons : Le Kremlin-Bicêtre  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Vœux aux Kremlinois 2020. In: kremlinbicetre.fr. Municipality of Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, accessed on January 16, 2020 (French).
  2. ↑ a b c d Le Kremlin-Bicêtre here. In: kremlinbicetre.fr. Municipality of Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, accessed on January 17, 2020 (French).