Métropole du Grand Paris

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Métropole du Grand Paris
Region (s) Île-de-France
Department (s) Essonne (6 communes)
Hauts-de-Seine (36 communes)
Paris (1 commune)
Seine-Saint-Denis (40 communes)
Val-de-Marne (47 communes)
Val-d'Oise (1 commune)
Establishment date January 1, 2016
legal form Metropolis
Communities 131
president Patrick Ollier
SIREN number 200 054 781
surface 814.67 km²
Residents 7,020,210 (2015)
Population density 8,617 inhabitants / km²
Website http://www.metropolegrandparis.fr/

Location of the association of municipalities
in the Île-de-France region

The Métropole du Grand Paris is a French association of municipalities with the legal form of a Métropole in the departments of Essonne , Hauts-de-Seine , Seine-Saint-Denis , Val-de-Marne , Val-d'Oise and Paris in the Region Ile-de -France , to which besides Paris 130 other cities and municipalities belong.

Historical development

For the metropolitan area of Grand Paris , which extends over eight departments, there is no common administrative structure except for the Île-de-France region , which also includes numerous rural areas. This territorial fragmentation makes government and administration more difficult, which is also criticized by local actors. For example, the Paris Chamber of Commerce and Industry demanded on the occasion of the 2012 presidential elections : "In order to efficiently master the challenges of developing the capital region, a unified government is required."

In March 2009 , the Comité pour la réforme des collectivités locales (Local Government Reform Committee) published its report, which became known as the “ Rapport Balladur ” (Balladur Report). In this, the merger of Paris with the adjacent departments (Hauts-de-Seine, Val-de-Marne and Seine-Saint-Denis) is proposed with a time horizon of 2014. This project was also supported by Senator Philippe Dallier , Vice-Chair of the Senate Committee on Local Authorities and Decentralization, and Claude Bartolone , President of the Seine-Saint-Denis Regional Council . However, it was not included in the 2010 Law on Reforming French Local Authorities and the issue of reorganizing Greater Paris was postponed.

After the change of government in 2012, a merger of the departments was not pursued any further. In a bill the government Ayrault decentralization instead a is polycentric approach is taken: The municipalities of the three departments of the Petite Couronne should - without Paris - are united in a community association. The questions that affect the entire agglomeration should be discussed by an association of the general councils of the départements and the region, which should be given competencies especially in questions of housing construction.

The National Assembly vote in July 2013 on a draft law with which the Métropole a new form should be created by administrative unit would have been managed in the big cities, together with their surrounding areas. The Métropole de Paris was to be created on January 1, 2016 and should include the area of ​​the unité urbaine . The competence of the metropolis was mainly in the area of ​​residential construction. However, the bill was rejected in the Senate and then modified. An amended draft law, which provided for the creation of the Métropole du Grand Paris as a municipal association comprising the city of Paris and the municipalities of the three surrounding departments, on January 1, 2016, was finally passed in December 2013. With the establishment of the metropolis , all of the community associations previously existing on its territory were dissolved.

tasks

The Métropole du Grand Paris has over 6.5 million inhabitants and is supposed to take over competences from the participating municipalities, especially in the areas of urban planning, infrastructure and environmental protection, while responsibility for local transport remains with the region. The Metropole is one of Metropolenrat ( Conseil the metropole directed), sends a representative as well as one additional representative for each full 25,000 inhabitants in the each member of the community. The number of representatives from Paris is limited to 90. Community associations with more than 200,000 inhabitants are to be created around the metropolis .

The metropolis is subdivided into eleven Établissements publics territoriaux . These are subordinate municipal associations that are supposed to decentralize local government in certain areas.

See also

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  1. ^ The association of municipalities on www.insee.fr, the INSEE website .
  2. ^ Métropole du Grand Paris (SIREN: 200 054 781) in the Base nationale sur l'intercommunalité (BANATIC) of the French Ministry of the Interior (French)
  3. ^ Conforter le positionnement mondial de la région capitale. (PDF, 38 KByte) Chambre de commerce et d'industrie de Paris , January 2012, accessed on May 8, 2019 (French, original quote: “  Pour être traités efficacement, les grands enjeux du développement de la métropole capitale exigent une governance unique.  »).
  4. ^ Jean-Baptiste Forray: Vers un big bang intercommunal en petite couronne. In: La Gazette des communes. October 2, 2012, accessed February 9, 2013 (French).
  5. ↑ L'Assemblée nationale vote la création d'une métropole du Grand Paris. In: lepoint.fr . July 19, 2013, accessed June 15, 2014 .
  6. ^ Métropole du Grand Paris: une minirévolution institutionalnelle. In: lemonde.fr . July 20, 2013, accessed June 15, 2014 (French).
  7. ↑ a b LOI n ° 2014-58 from January 27, 2014 de modernization de l'action publique territoriale et d'affirmation des métropoles (1). Retrieved June 15, 2014 .
  8. ↑ La métropole du Grand Paris est votée, mais loin d'être achevée. In: liberation.fr . December 3, 2013, accessed June 15, 2014 (French).

Coordinates: 48 ° 52 '  N , 2 ° 21'  E