Lifau

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Lifau
The Lifau Monument
The Suco Lifau is located on the north coast of the administrative office Pante Macassar. The place Lifau is in the west of the Sucos.
Data
surface 20.10 km²
population 2,505  (2015)
Chefe de Suco João da Costa
(election 2009)
Aldeias Population  (2015)
Nefobai 712
Oemolo 851
Tulaica 932
Lifau (East Timor)
Lifau
Lifau
Coordinates: 9 ° 13 ′  S , 124 ° 18 ′  E

Lifau ( Lifáo , Liphao , Leiffauw ) is an East Timorese place and Suco in the Pante Macassar administrative office ( Oe-Cusse Ambeno special administrative region ).

Surname

The name “Lifau” is derived from the Uab Meto of “lé'àl” ( German  people ) “nanfaun” ( German  many ). One source derives the name from liatnamfau neitin , which means "many friends who come to talk". Due to its importance as a trading port in the early colonial times, the place was nicknamed "énò naek", the great gate.

The place

The place is on the coast of the Sawu Sea , six kilometers west of the city of Pante Macassar, 287 km west of the state capital Dili as the crow flies . The altitude is 5  m . At Lifau there is a monument on the beach that commemorates the first landing of the Portuguese on Timor. Initially just a Padrão , the Lifau Monument has stood here since November 2015 , a replica of a Portuguese caravel with several life-size, golden figures that simulate the meeting of Portuguese and Timorese.

The Suco

Lifau
places position height
Kolam Cina 9 ° 12 ′  S , 124 ° 19 ′  E 0  m
Lifau 9 ° 13 ′  S , 124 ° 18 ′  E 5  m
Najalu 9 ° 13 '  S , 124 ° 17'  E 12  m
Nepobai 9 ° 14 ′  S , 124 ° 18 ′  E 48  m
Oemolo 9 ° 14 ′  S , 124 ° 19 ′  E 24  m
Postusika 9 ° 12 ′  S , 124 ° 19 ′  E 0  m
Taosero 9 ° 13 '  S , 124 ° 17'  E 0  m
Tulaica 9 ° 14 ′  S , 124 ° 18 ′  E 17  m
Rice fields in Oemelo

The Suco has 2505 inhabitants (2015), of which 1296 are men and 1209 women. The population density is 124.6 inhabitants / km². There are 469 households in the Suco. Almost 99% of the population list Baikeno as their mother tongue. A minority speaks Tetum Prasa .

Before the 2015 regional reform, Lifau had an area of ​​19.14 km². Now there are 20.10 km². The Suco is located on the north coast of the administrative office Pante Macassar. To the west is the Suco Taiboco , south of Lalisuc and east of the Suco Costa . West of the village of Lifau is a coherent settlement center made up of several districts, which are lined up along a road that leads from the coastal road inland. These are Taosero , Tulaica ( Tulaika ) and Nepobai . There is a primary school in Tulaica, the Escola Primaria Tulaica . To the east of the settlement center is the village of Oemolo , to the west of the coast is the town of Najalu . Further to the northeast, the Tono , the most important river of Oe-Cusse Ambeno, flows into the Sawu Sea. On the other side of the bank are the villages of Kolam Cina and Postusika . Here the Noefefan Bridge leads over the Tono.

The three Aldeias Nefobai , Oemolo and Tulaica are located in Lifau .

history

A padrão marks the place where the Portuguese first set foot on Timor
Map of Lifau Bay by William Dampier , 1699

On August 18, 1515, the Portuguese landed on Timor for the first time near today's Lifau . In 1515 the first Dominicans followed, who founded the Lifau settlement in 1556 to secure the sandalwood trade . During this time, the traders stayed in Lifau for only a few weeks and lived there in temporary accommodation. After the large-scale invasion of Inner Timor by the Portuguese in 1642, the Topasse immigration to Timor increased. The topasses were descendants of Portuguese soldiers, sailors and traders and women from Solor and Flores . The topasse determined the developments on Timor in the 17th and 18th centuries. They were supported by the Dominicans. The center of Topasse on Timor was Lifau, the main base of the Portuguese on Timor.

The number of Portuguese were never very numerous in the colony at that time. In 1689 there were just about 50 Portuguese in Lifau. In 1697, French pirates looted the place. Before that, they had raided the Dutch fortress in Kupang . A traveler reported in 1699 that the base, which was now the second most important port in Timor after Kupang, could set up 600 men with handguns and swords in a very short time, but lacked a fort and a weapons store. Of the three Portuguese on site, two were priests. The rest of the population consisted of topasse and a few Chinese traders . Contemporary reports describe the residents as cutthroats, including slave traders and hunters as well as deserters from various countries. The real power lay in the hands of the Topasse.

From 1702 Lifau was the capital of the colony with Governor António Coelho Guerreiro, who resided in Timor for the first time from Portugal . The map of Lifau commissioned by him already shows a complex settlement structure with military and civil facilities, such as the Ermida de St. Antonio and a hospital.

In 1719 the Cailaco Rebellion began. First local rulers rebelled, then Topasse too. Lifau was besieged by them several times. In 1738, Timor's first seminary was founded in Lifau. Three bishops of Malacca resided here: Manuel de Santo António (1701–1722), António de Castro (1738–1743) and Geraldo de São José (1749–1760). Manuel was banned from the island by the governor in 1722, António and Geraldo died in Lifau.

In 1759 the Portuguese governor Vicento Ferreira de Carvalho (1756 to 1759) sold Lifau to the Dutch, but they were prevented from taking over Topasse in 1760. On August 11, 1769, the Portuguese governor António José Teles de Meneses was urged to leave Lifau through the Topasse. Dili became the new capital of the Portuguese on Timor . Lifau itself became less important because the Topasse rulers resided in the nearby Pante Macassar. Topasse's offer to the Dutch to take over Lifau was turned down after careful consideration.

The Topasse Empire of Ambeno has been based in Tulaica since the failed rebellion against the Portuguese in May 1912. It is still run by the Cruz family dynasty , but since their defeat in the revolt they have been subordinate to the Costas, the traditional rulers of Oe-Cusse.

Culture

Every year a Good Friday procession (Procissão do Ama Senhor Morto) takes place in Lifau, to which more than a thousand Christians come, including from the Indonesian West Timor. The crucifixion of Jesus is re-enacted in a play.

politics

In the 2004/2005 elections , Xistu Gomes Bano was elected Chefe de Suco. In the 2009 elections , João da Costa won .

Web links

Commons : Lifau  - collection of images, videos and audio files

supporting documents

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Direcção-Geral de Estatística : Results of the 2015 census , accessed on November 23, 2016.
  2. ↑ Laura Suzanne Meitzner Yoder: Custom, Codification, Collaboration: Integrating the Legacies of Land and Forest Authorities in Oecusse Enclave, East Timor , p. 57 ( Memento of March 7, 2007 in the Internet Archive ), Yale University 2005 (PDF file; 1.46 MB)
  3. ↑ Facebook presence of the Zona Spesial Ekonomia Sosial no Merkadu - Oe-Cusse: Presidente Autoridade Dr. Mari Alkatiri mai hare Ro'o Caravela to'o dadauk ona iha Monumento Lifau ... from Syeilla Ricardo, November 5, 2015 , accessed on November 6, 2015.
  4. ↑ Fallingrain.com: Directory of Cities, Towns, and Regions in East Timor
  5. ↑ Results of the 2010 census for the Suco Lifau ( tetum ; PDF; 8.3 MB)
  6. ↑ Direcção Nacional de Estatística: Population Distribution by Administrative Areas Volume 2 English ( Memento of the original from January 5, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (2010 census; PDF; 22.6 MB) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / dne.mof.gov.tl
  7. ↑ a b Timor-Leste GIS Portal ( Memento from June 30, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
  8. ↑ UNMIT card from August 2008 ( memento of the original from December 3, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 401 kB) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / unmit.unmissions.org
  9. ↑ List of polling stations for the parliamentary elections in East Timor 2007 (PDF file; 118 kB)
  10. ↑ ZEESM: Noefefan Bridge Inaugurated , June 10, 2018 , accessed August 25, 2018.
  11. ↑ Jornal da Républica with the Diploma Ministerial n. 199/09 ( Memento of February 3, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) (Portuguese; PDF; 323 kB)
  12. ↑ Forum Hakesuk: Confêrencia nas Celebrações do Primeiro Centenário do Nascimento do Senhor Dom Jaime Garcia Goulart , May 28, 2008 , accessed on November 23, 2017.
  13. ↑ Forum Hakesuk: 1769 O Onzo de Agosto na História de Timor-Leste , accessed on 23 November 2017th
  14. ↑ Laura Suzanne Meitzner Yoder: Custom, Codification, Collaboration: Integrating the Legacies of Land and Forest Authorities in Oecusse Enclave, East Timor, pp. 58 & 98, Dissertation, Yale University, 2005 ( PDF file; 1.46 MB ( Memento of March 7, 2007 in the Internet Archive )).
  15. ↑ Pictures of the Passion Play on the ZEESM Facebook account , accessed on June 11, 2014.
  16. ↑ Secretariado Técnico de Administração Eleitoral STAE: Eleições para Liderança Comunitária 2004/2005 - Resultados ( Memento of August 4, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
  17. ↑ Secretariado Técnico de Administração Eleitoral STAE: Eleições para Liderança Comunitária 2009 - Resultados ( Memento of August 4, 2010 in the Internet Archive )

f1Georeferencing Map with all coordinates: OSM | WikiMap