List of the buried in the Wettiner crypt of the Catholic Court Church
The list of those buried in the Wettin crypt of the Catholic Court Church gives an overview of all members of the Albertine line of the House of Wettin and their members of European rulers who were connected by marriage and who found their final resting place in the crypt of the Catholic Court Church in Dresden .
history
Saxony has been Protestant since the Reformation . The ruling princes of the Albertine line of the Wettin family since Duke Heinrich found their final resting place in Freiberg Cathedral of St. Mary . Only when Friedrich August I converted to Catholicism in 1697 ended this tradition. In Dresden, the first Catholic court church was built in the empty Klengel opera house at the castle , in which a family crypt was also laid out. The first son of Friedrich August II and Maria Josepha found his final resting place here in 1721.
The Catholic Court Church with grave vaults was built from 1739 to 1751 and the donor's crypt was laid out under the sacrament chapel. Just four days later, the coffins of the three deceased children of the electoral couple were transferred to the crypt of the Catholic Court Church. From 1763, burials took place in the Great Crypt under the northwest aisle. In 1823, the master builder Christian Friedrich Schuricht expanded the church's crypt so that a total of three crypts was created. The fourth, New Crypt, was finally laid out around 1900 under the south-east aisle. A total of 49 members of the Albertine line of the Wettin family as well as their spouses and children found their final resting place in the Wettin crypt of the court church. The four crypts are connected to each other with corridors.
The most recent crypt to date is accessible from the New Crypt, which is not one of the Wettiner crypts: Since the Catholic Court Church was elevated to a cathedral in 1980, it has since served as a burial place for the bishops of the Dresden-Meißen diocese . In 1988, the bishop's crypt was therefore laid out, in which Gerhard Schaffran found his final resting place in a wall grave in 1996 . The bishop's crypt has a small altar.
During the Elbe floods in August 2002 , the crypts of the Catholic Court Church were also under water. The water washed the wooden coffins from the sarcophagi; only the heart capsule of Elector Friedrich August I remained undamaged. The crypts and sarcophagi were renovated from September 2003 for around 480,000 euros and returned to their intended use in March 2004. The Wettiner crypt can only be visited as part of a guided tour.
The crypts
- Founder's crypt or old crypt
The donor's crypt is located under the sacrament chapel in the south of the church. The rulers from 1694 to 1827 found their final resting place in it. A special feature is the capsule with the heart of Friedrich August I, which stands in a niche in the crypt. His body was buried in the royal tomb on the Wawel in Krakow .
There are a total of nine coffins and the capsule in this crypt, including the three children's coffins from the donor couple, the oldest coffins in the Wettin crypt. They were transferred from the first Catholic court church in Dresden in 1751. All coffins are simply made.
- Royal tomb
The regents of the period from 1830 to 1873 rest in the royal crypt under the cross chapel of the church. With only four coffins, it is the smallest room in the Wettin crypt, but the sarcophagi are the most ornate. They were made of bronze, weigh five tons each and are made in the neo-baroque style with putti and rich decorations. The representative sarcophagus of King John is adorned with the owl of Pallas Athene , a reference to his scholarship. The sarcophagus was cast in Lauchhammer in 1875 based on a model by Schäfer and Roch .
- New crypt
The kings of Saxony from 1873 to 1918, as well as the sons of the last Saxon king, rest in the New Crypt under the southeast side aisle. There are a total of ten sarcophagi in the crypt. The youngest grave in the Wettiner crypt is also among them: Georg von Sachsen died in 1943.
The New Crypt has an altar made of white marble. It is located in a niche on the front wall of the crypt; Front wall and niche are decorated with a glass mosaic in the Beuron style .
- Great tomb
The coffins of members of the electoral and royal dynasty from the period 1763 to 1898 are in the Great Crypt under the north-western aisle. A total of 25 coffins were displayed.
On the front wall of the crypt there is a simple sandstone altar with a crucifix, which was also made of sandstone.
Legend
- No .: The numbering is intended to facilitate the assignment of individual persons in the last column.
- Location : Indicates the vault in which the person was buried.
- Name : Indicates the name of the person.
- Portrait : Shows a picture of the person.
- Life dates : Indicates the life dates of the person. The column can be sorted by the date of death.
- Other : Provides further information about the person, e.g. B. Function, status and relationship within the electoral or royal family.
list
No. | location | Surname | Portrait | Life dates | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
[1] | Donors' Crypt , Old Crypt |
Elector Friedrich August I. | 1670-1733 | Epithet "the Strong", Elector of Saxony, as Augustus II. King of Poland, in the tomb is only the heart, his body was in the royal crypt at the Wawel in Krakow buried | |
[2] | Donors' Crypt , Old Crypt |
Elector Friedrich August II. | 1696-1763 | Son of [1] and Christiane Eberhardine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth , Elector of Saxony, as August III. King of Poland, founder and builder of the Catholic Court Church | |
[3] | Donors' Crypt , Old Crypt |
Maria Josepha of Austria | 1699-1757 | Wife of [2], daughter of Joseph I , Archduchess of Austria, Electress of Saxony and Queen of Poland, founder of the Court Church | |
[4] | Donors' Crypt , Old Crypt |
Friedrich August | - | 1720-1721 | Son of [2] and [3], Royal Elector Prince of Saxony and Prince of Poland |
[5] | Donors' Crypt , Old Crypt |
Joseph | - | 1721-1728 | Son of [2] and [3], Royal Elector Prince of Saxony and Prince of Poland |
[6] | Donors' Crypt , Old Crypt |
Maria Margareta | - | 1727-1734 | Daughter of [2] and [3], royal electoral princess of Saxony and princess of Poland |
[7] | Donors' Crypt , Old Crypt |
Elector Friedrich Christian | 1722-1763 | Son of [2] and [3], Elector of Saxony | |
[8th] | Donors' Crypt , Old Crypt |
Maria Antonia of Bavaria | 1724-1780 | Wife of [7], Electress of Saxony, patron | |
[9] | Donors' Crypt , Old Crypt |
King Friedrich August I. | 1750-1827 | Nickname "the righteous", son of [7] and [8], as Friedrich August III. Elector of Saxony, from 1806 as Friedrich August I, first King of Saxony | |
[10] | Donors' Crypt , Old Crypt |
Amalie von Pfalz-Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld-Bischweiler | 1752-1828 | Wife of [9], Electress of Saxony, from 1806 first Queen of Saxony | |
[11] | Royal tomb | King Friedrich August II. | 1797-1854 | Son of [33] and [34], from 1836 King of Saxony | |
[12] | Royal tomb | Maria Anna of Bavaria | 1805-1877 | Wife of [11], daughter of King Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria , Queen of Saxony | |
[13] | Royal tomb | King Johann | 1801-1873 | The pseudonym "Philalethes", son of [33] and [34], brother of [11], from 1854 King of Saxony, translated Dante's Divine Comedy into German | |
[14] | Royal tomb | Amalie Auguste of Bavaria | 1801-1877 | Wife of [13], daughter of King Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria , from 1854 Queen of Saxony | |
[15] | New crypt | King Albert | 1828-1902 | Son of [13] and [14], from 1873 King of Saxony | |
[16] | New crypt | Carola of Saxony | 1833-1907 | Wife of [15], the last Queen of Saxony | |
[17] | New crypt | King George | 1832-1904 | Son of [13] and [14], brother of [15], married to [46], from 1902 King of Saxony | |
[18] | New crypt | King Friedrich August III. | 1865-1932 | Son of [17] and [46], last king of Saxony | |
[19] | New crypt | Mathilde | 1863-1933 | Daughter of [17] and [46], princess of Saxony | |
[20] | New crypt | Johann Georg | 1869-1938 | Son of [17] and [46], brother of [18], art collector, writer and politician | |
[21] | New crypt | Maria Isabella of Württemberg | 1871-1904 | Wife of [20], daughter of Duke Philip of Württemberg | |
[22] | New crypt | Albert | 1875-1900 | Son of [17] and [46], Duke of Saxony | |
[23] | New crypt | Crown Prince Georg | 1893-1943 | Son of [18] and Luise of Austria-Tuscany , last Crown Prince of Saxony, Roman Catholic priest, Jesuit, drowned in a bathing accident | |
[24] | New crypt | Sophie of Luxembourg | 1902-1941 | first wife of Ernst Heinrich von Sachsen , a brother of [23]; Ernst Heinrich von Sachsen rests in the Princely Hohenzollern house crypt in Sigmaringen - Hedingen | |
[25] | Great tomb | Franz Xaver | 1730-1806 | Son of [2] and [3], older brother of [7], Royal Prince of Poland and Prince of Saxony, Count of Lausitz, from 1763 to 1768 instead of the minor Crown Prince ([7]) Administrator of Saxony | |
[26] | Great tomb | Maria Elisabeth | 1736-1818 | Daughter of [2] and [3], Princess of Poland and Saxony, Lady of the Star Cross | |
[27] | Great tomb | Maria Kunigunde | 1740-1826 | Daughter of [2] and [3], princess of Poland, Lithuania and Saxony, last princess abbess of the free worldly imperial monasteries Essen and Thorn | |
[28] | Great tomb | Karl | 1752-1781 | Son of [7] and [8], Prince of Saxony | |
[29] | Great tomb | Joseph | - | 1754-1763 | Son of [7] and [8], Prince of Saxony |
[30] | Great tomb | King Anton | 1755-1836 | Nickname "der Gütige", son of [7] and [8], from 1827 King of Saxony | |
[31] | Great tomb | Marie Carolina of Savoy | 1764-1782 | from 1781 first wife of [30], Princess of Saxony | |
[32] | Great tomb | Maria Theresa of Austria | 1767-1827 | second wife of [30], Archduchess of Austria, Queen of Saxony | |
[33] | Great tomb | Maximilian | 1759-1838 | Son of [7] and [8], renounced the throne of the Kingdom of Saxony for his son (11) | |
[34] | Great tomb | Caroline of Bourbon-Parma | 1770-1804 | Wife of [33], mother of two kings ([11], [13]) | |
[35] | Great tomb | Maria Anna | 1761-1820 | Daughter of [7] and [8], princess of Saxony | |
[36] | Great tomb | Maria Augusta | 1782-1863 | Daughter of [9] and [10], first Saxon princess, heir to the Polish throne | |
[37] | Great tomb | Maria Ludovica | - | 1795-1798 | Daughter of [30] and [32] |
[38] | Great tomb | Friedrich August | - | 1796-1796 | Son of [30] and [32] |
[39] | Great tomb | Maria Johanna | - | 1798-1799 | Daughter of [30] and [32] |
[40] | Great tomb | Maria Theresa | - | 1799-1799 | Daughter of [30] and [32] |
[41] | Great tomb | Amalie | 1794-1870 | Daughter of [33] and [34], Princess of Saxony, popular comedy author (pseudonyms Amalie Heiter and A. Serena ) | |
[42] | Great tomb | Karoline Ferdinande of Austria | 1801-1832 | Wife of [11], Archduchess of Austria, Princess of Saxony | |
[43] | Great tomb | Maria Augusta | 1827-1857 | Daughter of [13] and [14], princess of Saxony | |
[44] | Great tomb | serious | 1831-1847 | Son of [13] and [14] | |
[45] | Great tomb | Sidonia | 1834-1862 | Daughter of [13] and [14], princess of Saxony | |
[46] | Great tomb | Maria Anna of Portugal | 1843-1884 | Wife of [17], Princess of Braganza and Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Infanta of Portugal | |
[47] | Great tomb | Marie Johanna Amalie | - | 1860-1861 | Daughter of [17] and [46] |
[48] | Great tomb | Elisabeth | - | 1862-1863 | Daughter of [17] and [46] |
[49] | Great tomb | Maria Alix Carola | - | 1898-1898 | Daughter of [18] and Luise of Austria-Tuscany |
See also
literature
- The crypt of the Wettins . In: Georg Dehio (Hrsg.): Handbook of German art monuments . Dresden . Updated edition. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich and Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-422-03-110-3 , pp. 126–127.
- The Wettiner crypts . In: Jürgen Helfricht : Dresden and its churches . Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig 2005, pp. 29–30.
- Gudrun Schlechte: The crypt of the Saxon royal house Wettin in the cathedral Sankt Trinitatis - Hofkirche zu Dresden . Janos Stekovics, Dößel 2004, ISBN 3-89923-055-8 .
- The Wettiner crypt . In: Siegfried Seifert : Catholic Court Church Dresden . Schnell & Steiner, Munich 1990, pp. 21-22.
- The Wettiner crypt . In: Siegfried Seifert, Clemens Ullmann (ed.): 250 years of the Catholic Court Church Dresden, cathedral of the diocese of Dresden-Meißen . benno, Leipzig 2000, ISBN 3-7462-1392-4 , pp. 44-45.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ See St. Trinitatis Cathedral (formerly Catholic Court Church). Section Crypt of Saint Trinitatis Cathedral . In: dresden-und-sachsen.de. Retrieved May 3, 2017 .
- ↑ Cf. Stefan Locke: Family scandal in the Wettiner crypt . In: sz-online, March 9, 2004, archive copy ( memento from September 14, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ).
- ^ Jürgen Helfricht: Dresden and its churches . Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig 2005, p. 29.
- ^ Siegfried Seifert, Clemens Ullmann (ed.): 250 years of the Catholic Court Church Dresden, cathedral of the diocese of Dresden-Meißen . benno, Leipzig 2000, p. 45.
- ^ Siegfried Seifert: Catholic Court Church Dresden . Schnell & Steiner, Munich 1990, p. 22.
Coordinates: 51 ° 3 ′ 12.6 " N , 13 ° 44 ′ 14.6" E