List of synagogues in Thuringia

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This list contains synagogues in the state of Thuringia .

As in other areas, the Jews mainly settled in the cities of Thuringia, where they can be traced back to the 12th century. However, there were some areas, especially in the east and north of the country, in which Jewish communities never emerged after the medieval expulsions, for example in Jena , Weimar and Altenburg . In the south-west of the country, on the other hand, some noble families "Schutzjuden" settled in small villages in the Rhön, in the Grabfeld and in the southern foreland of the Thuringian Forest. The area between the Rhön and Rennsteig in the south-west of the country remained the focus of the Jews' settlement in Thuringia throughout modern times. However, these communities lost most of their members in the second half of the 19th century, as they moved to the growing cities, for example to Eisenach, Erfurt, Fulda, Frankfurt or Meiningen.

The time of National Socialism put an abrupt end to Jewish culture in Thuringia, so that since then only the community in Erfurt has existed.

synagogue place Inventory time Location Community size Reference year Remarks
Old synagogue Arnstadt 1423-1466 Erfurter Strasse 17 (rear building) 53 1429
New synagogue Arnstadt 1913-1938 Krappgartenstrasse 47 128 1925
Aschenhausen synagogue Aschenhausen from 1765 ( profaned in 1936 ) Oberkätzer Strasse 16 103 1808 Settlement of protective Jews by the von Speßhardt knights from 1695
Bad Langensalza synagogue Bad Langensalza 1356-1436 Judengasse 4 80 1418
Barchfeld synagogue Barchfeld 1845-1938 Nürnberger Strasse 40 240 1887 from around 1550 onwards, settled Jews from the Würzburg monastery
Bauerbach synagogue Bauerbach 1824-1891;
from 1892 (profaned in 1930) 		Henneberger Strasse 58 126 1852 Settlement of protective Jews by the von Wolzüge from 1782
Berkach synagogue Berkach 1762-1854;
from 1854 (profaned in 1939) 		Mühlfelder Strasse 170 1851 Settlement of protective Jews by the von Stein family from 1628
Bibra synagogue Bibra from 1842 (profaned in 1939) Hauptstrasse 30 134 1885 Settlement of protective Jews by the Lords of Bibra from 1658
Synagogue Bleicherode Bleicherode 1882-1938 Obergebraer Strasse 151 1910
Thirty Sack Synagogue 30 acre 1822-1867 unknown 56 1833 Residence of the Meiningen Jews who were only allowed to move into the city from 1856
Eisenach synagogue Eisenach 1885-1938 Karl-Marx-Strasse 26 403 1925
Synagogue Ellrich Ellrich 1730-1938 Jüdenstrasse 25 146 1840
Old synagogue Erfurt from 1094 (1350 profaned) Michaelisstrasse 3/4
Small synagogue Erfurt from 1840 (profaned in 1885) At the city coin 5
Great synagogue Erfurt 1884-1938 Yuri Gagarin ring 1000 1930
New synagogue Erfurt from 1952 Yuri Gagarin ring 750 2007 only Jewish community in Thuringia
Synagogue housing Go out 1840–1975 (profaned in 1945) Mittlere Strasse 22 246 1826 Settlement of protective Jews by the Lords of Boyneburg from 1600
Geisa synagogue Geisa 1862-1940 Schlossberg 180 1861
Gera synagogue Gera 1885-1938 Leipziger Strasse / later in the Hotel Kronprinz 500 1925
Synagogue Equally designated Equally proven 1787-1938 Mittelgasse 233 1875 Settlement of protective Jews by the Lords of Bibra from 1680
New synagogue Gotha 1904-1938 Moßlerstrasse 1 494 1933
Heiligenstadt synagogue Heiligenstadt 1873–2011 (profaned in 1945) Stubenstrasse 14 100 1882
Hildburghausen synagogue Hildburghausen 1811-1933 Untere Marktgasse 4 146 1833
Marisfeld synagogue Marisfeld from 1832 (profaned in the 1930s) Themar Street 200 1865 Settlement of protective Jews by Messrs Ostheim from 1679
Old synagogue Meiningen approx. 1200-1349 Place at the chapel Devastated during the plague pogrom in 1349 and later used as a chapel
Synagogue Meiningen Meiningen 1883-1938 Synagogue Walk 470 1895 Seat of the state rabbi of Saxony-Meiningen
Old synagogue Mulhouse 1380-1513
New synagogue Mulhouse from 1842 (profaned in the mid-1950s) Jüdenstrasse 26 256 1890
Old synagogue Nordhausen approx. 1300-1550 unknown
New synagogue Nordhausen 1845-1938 Horse market 452 1910
Rüdigershagen synagogue Rudigershagen 1847–1994 (profaned in 1860) Karl-Marx-Strasse 75 1840 Settlement of protective Jews by the von Hagen family from 1808
Schleusingen Synagogue Schleusingen from 1881 (profaned in 1945) Walchstrasse 2 89 1871
Schmalkalden synagogue Schmalkalden 1622-1930; 1930-1938 Judengasse 5/7 110 1890
Schwarza synagogue Schwarza 1686–1980 (profaned in 1945) Irma-Stern-Strasse 17 287 1847 Settlement of protective Jews by the Counts of Stolberg from 1652
Sondershausen synagogue Sondershausen 1826-1938 Bebrastrasse 6 130 1880
Stadtlengsfeld synagogue Stadtlengsfeld 1945 profaned Amtsstrasse 8 800 1800 Settlement of protective Jews by the Lords of Boyneburg from 1600,
seat of the regional rabbi of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach
Synagogue Suhl Suhl 1905-1938 Street of the Victims of Fascism 150 1905
Themar synagogue Themar from 1877 (profaned in 1938) Ernst-Thälmann-Strasse 17 97 1898
Vacha synagogue Vacha 1777–1955 (profaned in 1938) Schulstrasse 24 90 1925
Synagogue Völkershausen Völkershausen 1816–? (Profaned in 1903) Friedensplatz 7 57 1861 Settlement of protective Jews by the Lords of Völkershausen from 1584
Walldorf synagogue (Werra) Walldorf 1789–1949 (profaned in 1939) At the Tanzberg 562 1851 Settlement of protective Jews by the three local lords from 1560,
temporarily the seat of the regional rabbi of Saxony-Meiningen

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