Lorenz Church (Leingarten)
The Lorenz Church in Großgartach , a district of Leingarten in the Heilbronn district , is a Protestant parish church built in 1913 according to plans by Martin Elsaesser in Art Nouveau style . The historic choir tower church was demolished, only the ground floor of the choir tower remained.
history
A church in the Leingarten district of Großgartach was first mentioned in a document in 1122. Emperor Heinrich V confirms to the Count of Lauffen the donation of their property in Großgartach - to which the church also belonged - to the Odenheim monastery . Emperor Friedrich I. Barbarossa testified to the foundation in 1161, mentioned the right of patronage again and added u. a. in addition, that the construction work for the tower and choir lies with the monastery. This Romanesque choir tower church, consecrated to St. Lawrence ("Lorenz"), was a predecessor of today's Lorenz Church. In Worms Synod of 1496 it was first mentioned by name. There were three altars in the nave (in front of the east wall). On the right side was the altar of St. Magdalena , on the left side the altar of the Virgin Mary and in front of the choir the altar of St. Elisabeth for the early mass chaplaincy founded by the community in 1379 with a courtyard in the Schluchtern district. The Odenheim Monastery had the right of patronage to fill the positions. The branch churches in Nordheim and Schluchtern belonged to the parish . The first Lutheran preacher in Großgartach is mentioned in 1531, four years before the congregation became Protestant with the introduction of the Reformation in the Duchy of Württemberg in 1535. With the restitution edict of Emperor Ferdinand II , Catholic worship was reintroduced in 1629 . Just two years later, the place was Protestant again, because King Gustav Adolf of Sweden enfeoffed his Colonel Bernhard von Schaffalizki with the part of Großgartach that belonged to the Odenheim-Bruchsal monastery. In 1634 the knight's monastery got its rights back and tried to prevent evangelical sermons. Without its own pastor (the right to fill the pastor's position lay with the knight's monastery), the Protestant congregation was a branch of the Dürrenzimmern parish from 1635 to 1641 and then of the Obereisesheim parish before it got its own parish again . A papal decree gave the Catholic Knight's Foundation the right to appoint the pastor for the Protestant community of Großgartach from the group of candidates who had passed the Protestant pastor's examination in Württemberg, who was then confirmed by the sovereign in Stuttgart .
Building history
The previous building of today's church, demolished in 1912, was originally a Romanesque choir tower church. Around 1470, in the late Gothic period, the church was enlarged or renovated. The nave got a painted wooden vault around 1670 and three galleries in 1725 after a renovation . After the church was in poor structural condition at the beginning of the 20th century, it was demolished in 1912, only the ground floor of the tower with the Romanesque chancel and the late Gothic sacrament niche remained from the medieval building. According to plans by Martin Elsaesser , a new building in Art Nouveau was built in 1913 under Pastor Julius Gmelin . The church was extended to the west by an entrance hall and it was given a further entrance on the north and south sides. The slight damage from the last days of World War II was soon repaired, but the interior was not renovated until 1965. The color scheme chosen by Martin Elsaesser was changed and some decorative elements were removed. The outside of the church was renovated in 1985 and the inside again in 1990, with a return to the architect's decorative ideas.
description
From the north and south, parallel to the west wall of the church, a few steps lead into the open vestibule. The doors lead through a narrow vestibule into the nave and the galleries. The part of the room outside the arcades of the northern gallery is vaulted with a wooden ceiling. On the east side of this area, the altar stands in front of a room-high wall with two ogival passages. To the left of the altar you come to a community room, to the right you look into the medieval tower choir, which now serves as a baptistery . It is characterized by a powerful cross-cap vault , the ribs of which stand on the capitals decorated with Romanesque columns. Above the door to the sacristy is the coat of arms of the Odenheim abbot Johann Schenk von Winterstetten (in office 1468 to 1472) with the year 1470. The sedile niche in the south wall and the richly decorated late Gothic sacrament niche in the north wall also belong to this period. The choir window with the year 1498 is also Gothic, but not the glazing. The six citizens donated baptismal font and the epitaph of bruchsalischen bailiff and mayor Johann Flinspach come from the years after the 1660th
The crucifixion group on the wall behind the altar was designed by Christian Scheufele for the new building. A circumferential gallery with a parapet decorated with paintings, banners and decorative elements has been drawn into the nave on the west and north sides. The organ purchased for the new building on the west gallery comes from the Walcker organ building workshop and has an automatic playing device.
literature
- Julius Fekete: Art and cultural monuments in the city and district of Heilbronn . 2nd Edition. Theiss, Stuttgart 2002, ISBN 3-8062-1662-2 .
- Leingarten home register . Heimatverein Leingarten, Leingarten 1982.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Heimatbuch Leingarten p. 363
- ↑ Friedrich von Weech: Das Wormser Synodale from 1496. In: Journal for the history of the Upper Rhine Vol. 27 (1875) P. 433f.
Web links
- Evang. Parish of Großgartach with information about the Lorenz Church
- The organ in Leingarten-Großgartach - Monumente Magazin, April 2019
Coordinates: 49 ° 8 ′ 35 ″ N , 9 ° 7 ′ 25 ″ E