Lorettoberg (Freiburg im Breisgau)
| Lorettoberg | ||
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 Lorettoberg with Schönberg in the background |
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| height | 384.5 m above sea level NHN | |
| location | Baden-Württemberg | |
| Mountains | Black Forest | |
| Coordinates | 47 ° 58 '30 " N , 7 ° 50' 22" E | |
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| particularities | - Hildaturm ( AT ) - Loretto Chapel - Castle Café |
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The Lorettoberg , also called Josephsbergle in Freiburg , is a ridge in the southwest of the Wiehre district in the city of Freiburg im Breisgau . At its highest point it is forested and 384.5 m above sea level. NHN high. It divides the Unterwiehre-Süd district and borders on the Vauban district to the west . 500 m north of the "summit" is a 348 m above sea level. NHN high mountain spur ( ⊙ ), near which is the eponymous Loretto Chapel : the name is derived from the second most important Italian ( Marian ) pilgrimage site after St. Peter's Basilica in Rome, Loreto . With the Schloss-Café , which is also located at the top, Lorettoberg is a popular destination for excursions, walks and local recreation .
The eastern main edge fault of the Upper Rhine Graben runs through the Lorettoberg ; The Loretto Tunnel, the Höllentalbahn , leads through the mountain . When lining the tunnel, a "geological window" was left open, in which the fault can be seen and the further sinking of the Upper Rhine Rift can be measured.
Buildings
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On the mountain spur north of the summit stands the approximately 22.6 meter high Hilda Tower from 1886. It is built in the style of a medieval keep and is intended to commemorate the day on which Hilda of Nassau , the last Grand Duchess of Baden , after her marriage moved into Freiburg with the Hereditary Grand Duke Friedrich II of Baden . During the Second World War it served as a base for aerial surveillance and observation. In the summer months, the 19.86 meter high viewing platform can be climbed on selected days of the week.
A little to the north of the Hilda Tower is the Loretto Chapel, which consists of three single chapels built next to each other and donated by Freiburg citizens in 1657 . It reminds of bloody battles for the Lorettoberg 1644 ( Battle of Freiburg im Breisgau ), which u. a. described by the poet Reinhold Schneider , who lived on Lorettoberg. Next to it is the “Schloss-Café” in the Art Nouveau building built in 1902 as the “Gasthaus Lorettoberg ”. The so-called “brother house”, which was built in the 19th century, stood in the same place, but in the end it had become too small to cater to the large number of visitors and finally had to give way to today's building.
From this point the French King Louis XV observed in 1744 during the War of Succession . the bombardment of Freiburg by his troops. A cannonball that almost hit him is walled in at the Loretto Chapel. A little to the northwest of it, on the west side, is a former quarry , which can still be seen , where stones were quarried for the Freiburg Minster in the Middle Ages . Other quarries and clay pits are known on the Lorettoberg, some of which were already in use in the Middle Ages. A residual pit is, for example, the lower Schlierbergweiher, which was a clay pit. When it was blasted in 1896, the water-bearing layer was damaged and the pit overflowed, after which its use was abandoned.
On its eastern flank, the Lorettoberg is loosely built, mostly with Wilhelminian style villas that were built between 1870 and 1914. On the west side, which is partly called Schlierberg , the density of buildings is lower and mostly dates from the second half of the 20th century . There are also vineyards that belong to the Freiburg State Wine-Growing Institute , recently also the House of Farmers , the main office of the Baden Agricultural Association (BLHV) in its neighborhood on Merzhauser Strasse at its foot in an unusual, multi-storey wooden passive house .
Some of the villas on the Lorettoberg are houses of student associations . On the east side is the Catholic Loretto Hospital and at the foot of the hill is the Lorettobad , an outdoor pool with a "ladies' pool" only accessible to women and children, probably one of the last open-air pools in Germany only accessible to women. From there (corner of Loretto- / Mercystraße ) a footpath, the so-called Bergleweg, leads up to the chapel. The Jakobsweg and the Zähringer hiking trail run along it . Before the ascent, on the right, is the Chalet Widmer , a prefabricated house in Swiss style from 1887, which was shown at the Upper Rhine industrial exhibition in the same year and is now a listed building. Further south is the Baden-Württemberg Forest Research and Research Institute and the “Waldhaus”, an education and information center on the topics of forests and sustainability run by a non-profit foundation .
At the southwestern foot stands the heliotrope by the architect Rolf Disch , who also planned the nearby solar settlement in the Vauban district .
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Others
In the detective novel Lorettoberg by Volkmar Braunbehrens , two people are murdered in the villa area on the eastern slope of the Lorettoberges.
Since 1953 there has been a Christmas Mass on the last Sunday before Christmas. The piece, written by Wilhelm Fladt , is based on old Black Forest traditions and is performed in Alemannic dialect by an amateur play group of the Federation “Heimat und Volksleben” . The performance begins at the lower end of the Bergleweg and ends at the Loretto Chapel.
literature
- Franz Laubenberger: The Freiburg Lorettoberg . In: Alemannisches Jahrbuch, vol. 1973/75, pp. 572-589.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
- ↑ Deutschlandviewer on onmaps.de (scale 1: 500)
- ↑ Karlheinz Scherfling: The earth shakes again and again - also in the Black Forest. (PDF; 4.3 MB) In: The Black Forest 1/2005. Black Forest Association, 2005, accessed on June 13, 2013 .
- ↑ Hildaturm - opening times and construction drawing on hildaturm.de
- ↑ Friedrich Kempf: Public fountains and monuments . In: Baden Architects and Engineers Association, Upper Rhine District (Ed.): Freiburg im Breisgau. The city and its buildings . HM Poppen & Sohn, Freiburg im Breisgau 1898, p. 496 ( Scan - Wikisource ).
- ↑ Peter Kalchthaler , badische-zeitung.de: The Hildaturm on the Lorettoberg . Badische Zeitung , October 1, 2012
- ↑ lexikon-der-wehrmacht.de: Kampfgeschwader 51 "Edelweiss"
- ↑ Schloss-Cafe Lorettoberg on badische-seiten.de
- ^ Schlierbergweiher ( memento of October 28, 2014 in the Internet Archive ), Bach sponsorship project of the city of Freiburg, accessed on October 28, 2014; Unterer Schlierbergweiher , Badische Seiten, accessed on October 28, 2014.
- ↑ Simone Lutz: badische-zeitung.de: "House of the farmers": Elegant things made of wood and glass . Badische Zeitung , May 18, 2014
- ↑ Private buildings . In: Baden Architects and Engineers Association, Upper Rhine District (Ed.): Freiburg im Breisgau. The city and its buildings . HM Poppen & Sohn, Freiburg im Breisgau 1898, p. 642 ( Scan - Wikisource ).
- ^ Freiburg: 1000 years of Wiehre: 20 associations - talk of the town fudder. Archived from the original on September 12, 2013 ; Retrieved June 13, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ waldhaus-freiburg.de
- ↑ Traditional Christmas Mass on the Lorettoberg , Badische Zeitung, December 16, 2017, accessed December 16, 2017
- ↑ "Heimat und Volksleben", Chronicle , accessed December 16, 2017
