Louis René Édouard de Rohan-Guéméné

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Louis Cardinal de Rohan

Louis René Édouard de Rohan-Guéméné (German also: Ludwig Renatus Eduard von Rohan-Guemene ) (born September 25, 1734 in Paris , † February 16, 1803 in Ettenheim ) was the last prince-bishop of the diocese of Strasbourg from 1779 . The Rohan family , who came from the French aristocracy , held the office of the Strasbourg bishops without interruption from 1704.

Life

After studying and ordaining Louis René Édouard de Rohan-Guéméné in 1756 Commendatarabbot of the Abbey of La Chaise-Dieu . On November 22, 1759 he was coadjutor of his uncle, the Strasbourg prince-bishop Louis César Constantin de Rohan-Guéméné and thus practically predetermined as the future Strasbourg bishop. The episcopal ordination as titular bishop of Canopus was donated to him on May 18, 1760 in the cathedral of Paris Christophe de Beaumont , the archbishop of Paris , co- consecrators were Jean-Georges Lefranc de Pompignan , Bishop of Le Puy , and Charles-Gilbert de May de Termont , Bishop of Blois .

The cardinal's coat of arms in the window of the Romanesque church Notre-Dame de la Nativité in Zabern

In 1772 de Rohan-Guéméné became the ambassador of France in Vienna , but was displeased with Empress Maria Theresa and her daughter Maria Antonia , who later became Queen Marie Antoinette of France. After his recall from Vienna in 1777 he was given the post of Grand Almosenier of France . Pope Pius VI On June 1, 1778, Rohan raised to cardinal dignity in absentia and accepted him into the class of cardinal priests . On October 11, 1779, the Cardinal became Prince-Bishop of Strasbourg, but continued to spend most of his time in Paris. From 1780 he had the magnificent Rohan Castle built in Zabern .

In the 1780s, de Rohan-Guéméné was involved as a major player in the collar affair directed against Marie-Antoinette , in which he played an extremely unfortunate and naive role that permanently damaged his reputation . In the course of the affair he was arrested on August 15, 1785 and only acquitted on May 31, 1786 by the Supreme Court ( Parlement ). He lost his state offices and had to retire to his monasteries.

In 1790 he fled from the French Revolution to the possessions of the diocese of Strasbourg on the right bank of the Rhine and from then on resided in Ettenheim , from where he planned a counter-revolution to expel the French revolutionaries. He also raised a regiment for the counterrevolutionary Corps Condé . De Rohan-Guéméné had to leave Ettenheim in 1796 because of the burdens this placed on the Ettenheim citizens and the danger of the expansion of the power of revolutionary France. In 1801 he was able to return to Ettenheim through the Peace of Lunéville , but lost the holdings on the left bank of the Rhine through the reorganization of the diocese of Strasbourg and shortly afterwards through the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss also the influence on the right bank offices of the old Strasbourg diocese, which in the course of the reorganization of Germany the Electorate of Baden fell.

De Rohan-Guéméné died of flu in 1803, heavily indebted . He was buried in the Ettenheim parish church.

literature

Web links

Commons : Louis René Édouard de Rohan-Guéméné  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Remarks

  1. ↑ the Oberkirch and Ettenheim offices were owned by the Strasbourg bishopric on the right bank of the Rhine


personal data
SURNAME Rohan-Guéméné, Louis René Édouard de
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Rohan-Guemene, Ludwig Renatus Eduard von (German)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION last prince-bishop of the diocese of Strasbourg
DATE OF BIRTH September 25, 1734
PLACE OF BIRTH Paris
DATE OF DEATH February 16, 1803
Place of death Ettenheim