Lubin (Wolin Island)

Lubin
	Lubin
	Lubin
Basic data
State :	Poland
Voivodeship :	West Pomerania
Powiat :	Kamień Pomorski
Gmina :	Międzyzdroje
Geographic location :	53 ° 52 ' N , 14 ° 26' E Coordinates: 53 ° 52 '6 " N , 14 ° 25' 53" E
Residents :	340
Postal code :	72-500
Telephone code :	(+48) 91
License plate :	ZKA
Economy and Transport
Next international airport :	Szczecin-Goleniów
	; ;

Lubin (German Lebbin ) is a village on the island of Wolin ( Wollin ); it belongs to the Gmina Międzyzdroje ( Misdroy ) in the powiat Kamieński of the Polish West Pomeranian Voivodeship .

Geographical location

Lubin and the Lubin-Wapnica hills (view from the west)

Lubin, the Great Vietziger See and the Swine Delta (view from the east from the "Zielonka" hill)

The village is located on the island of Wolin at the southwest end of the Misdroy-Lebbiner terminal moraine , which is up to 90 m high and in places drops steeply to the west to Wicko Wielkie (German: Großer Vietziger See ), a bay in the Szczecin Lagoon . It is located directly at the exit of the Alte Swine from the Stettiner Haff. To the west of the village lies the island of Wielki Krzek ( Große Kricks ) in the lagoon .

history

The Lubin ramparts from the Bronze Age are a sign of early settlement in the area. A Slavic castle was built on this older rampart, which was destroyed by the Danes in 1173. The Slavic ramparts were part of a larger settlement that was very important next to Wollin (Jumne-Vineta) and dominated the northern lagoon.

Bishop Otto von Bamberg visited the place, which was already of particular importance at this time because of its favorable location, on his first missionary trip to Pomerania in 1124. Excavations in 2009 uncovered the remains of a church within the castle ramparts, which probably dates from 1124 Otto von Bamberg was consecrated. Furthermore, a cemetery from the 12th to 13th centuries and the foundations of a residential tower from the 15th to 16th centuries were discovered.

Duke Bogislaw I of Pomerania († 1187) gave Lebbin together with a large part of the island of Wollin to the diocese of Cammin in 1186 , which then set up a bailiwick in Lebbin. The Vogt levied customs duties on the ships that passed through the Swine.

Port of Lubin (2013)

Ruin of Johannes Quistorps "Arbeiter-Bildungsinstitut" in Lebbin

The Lubin or Lubbin Castle used to be near the village of Lebbin, on the Wolliner Werder . The castle, which at that time belonged to the Dompropstei Wollin, was exchanged with its goods by the Pomeranian Duke Johann Friedrich for part of the village of Kucklow in 1578/9 , and Lebbin was assigned to the Pomeranian office of Wollin .

The Oberturon chalk that emerged in the area has been used since around 1600 . The Szczecin entrepreneur Johannes Quistorp had it dismantled for his Portland cement factory, founded in 1855 north of the village on the shores of the Great Vietziger See , which was the second in Germany and at times the largest in Europe. By 1890 it had around 600 employees. Quistorp had around 150 company apartments and other social facilities (e.g. school, widow's house, workers' educational institute, cooperative department store) built for his employees in Lebbin . The chalk pits were in the neighboring town of Kalkofen (incorporated into Lebbin on April 1, 1937). When the local chalk mining was no longer sufficient for cement production, his son and heir Martin Quistorp had chalk delivered from the island of Rügen in his own ships like the Lebbin II via the Lebbin factory port. Chalk was still extracted from the pits until almost the end of the Second World War. Then they were left to nature and, after attempts to quarry chalk on a large scale from 1948 to 1954, were full of water. The approximately 400 × 250 m chalk quarry of Kalkofen is now known as the " Turquoise Lake " ( Jezioro Turkusowe ) and is a popular destination in the Wolin National Park ( Woliński Park Narodowy ). In the lake, the light breaks in a peculiar way, which gives it a turquoise shimmer.

Until 1945 the rural community Lebbin belonged to the district of Usedom-Wollin in the administrative district of Stettin in the province of Pomerania . Until 1937 there were no other places to live in the rural community. In 1937 the previous communities of Kalkofen , Stengow and Vietzig were incorporated into Lebbin.

At the end of the Second World War , Lebbin was occupied by the Red Army at the beginning of May 1945 and then, with all of Western Pomerania , placed under Polish administration. The factories were dismantled in 1945 and transported to the Soviet Union as reparations . The immigration of Polish civilians began, who were settled in the village. The factory halls and the port were used for fishing and fish processing .

Attractions

Church of the place

Church from 1861, with a neo-Gothic tower and stepped gables
Memorial cemetery with a memorial stone, "In memory of the former residents" in German and Polish and with a lapidary of German gravestones, laid out in 2007
Viewpoint "Zielonka" from the Lebbiner Mountains to the backflow delta of the Swine, view of the islands of the delta
Jezioro Turkusowe ("turquoise lake") in a lime kiln, approx. 400 × 250 m former chalk quarry

literature

Johannes Hinz : Pomerania guide through an unforgettable country. Adam Kraft Verlag, Würzburg 1991, ISBN 3-8083-1195-9 , p. 212.
Gustav Malzahn: The beautiful Lebbin . In: Pommersches Heimatbuch 2008 . Pommersche Landsmannschaft , Lübeck 2008, pp. 115–122 ( memories of visits to Lebbin in the period before the Second World War ).
Heinrich Berghaus : Land book of the Duchy of Pomerania and the Principality of Rügen . Part II, Volume 1, Anklam 1865, pp. 641-647 ( online ).
Friedrich Bartels: Everything depends on God's blessing: Lebbin - a topography of blessing. (with many photos)

Web links

Commons : Lubin (powiat kamieński) - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Footnotes

↑ Tourist Map - Wollin Island and Surroundings, Warsaw 2012

↑ Marian Rębkowski: Archaeological witness the first missionary journey Bishop Otto in Pomerania . In: Felix Biermann , Fred Ruchhöft (ed.): Bishop Otto von Bamberg in Pomerania . Contributions to a conference on the occasion of the 875th anniversary of the death of the Pomeranian missionary from June 27 to 29, 2014 in Greifswald (= Studies on the Archeology of Europe , Volume 30), pp. 149–161.

↑ Information boards at the excavation site, as seen on September 7, 2018.

^ Christian Friedrich Wutstrack : Short historical-geographical-statistical description of the royal-Prussian duchy of Western and Western Pomerania . Johann Samuel Leich, Stettin 1793, p. 428.

↑ Friedrich Bartels: Everything depends on God's blessing: Lebbin - a topography of blessing.