Lukmanier management
 
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End points of the Lukmanier line |
The Lukmanier line is a 380 kV three-phase - high voltage line over the Lukmanier Pass in Switzerland . The overhead line , which is around 100 kilometers long , was built between 1948 and 1949. Like the entire Swiss extra-high voltage grid, it is operated by the Swissgrid company.
Lines and construction
The entire route leads from Mettlen near Inwil to Lavorgo . On the 52 km long section to Amsteg which extends generally parallel to Gotthard line . Between Mettlen and Amsteg, three power circuits are attached to the same mast, which end in the Amsteg substation.
From Amsteg the Lukmanier line goes its own way. After the path through the lower area of the Maderanertal and through the Etzlital , it reaches the highest point at 2,487 meters west of the Chrüzli pass near Mittelplatten. The line leads through the Val Milà down to Sedrun in the Surselva and follows the northern valley slope over the Vorderrhein to Mumpé-Tujetsch above Disentis . It crosses a substation of the Vorderrhein power stations , with which it is not connected. Then the Lukmanier line leads through the Val Medel and crosses the Lukmanier pass . Through the western municipality of Blenio, it goes up to the mountain range between Pizzo di Campello and Poncione di Mezzo, which it reaches at around 2380 m above sea level. M. crossed above the Rifugio Gana Rossa . Then it runs steeply through the valley of the Croarescio stream in the Leventina valley to the substation near Lavorgo.
More than 160 masts are used: At the Mettlen station, a few Danube masts and then up to Amsteg exclusively barrel masts , mostly of the type typical for the Central Swiss Power Plants (CKW). At the level of Erstfeld , the barrel masts are identical to the 380 kV support masts from Axpo AG , a partner company of CKW. For the 53 kilometer long line section between Amsteg and Lavorgo over the Lukmanier Pass, 145 lattice masts ( delta masts ) were erected for a circuit in a one-level arrangement. Their mean height is 30 meters.
The mean span of the line is 350 meters, the largest span between two masts is 890 meters. Two and three bundles from Aldrey with a cross section of 550 mm² are used as conductors . The diameter of each part rope is 30.5 mm. Two steel cables with a diameter of 11.5 millimeters and a cross-section of 80 mm² are used as the earth wire .
The guy mast located at 46 ° 34'21 "north latitude and 8 ° 47'23" east longitude in the reservoir of Santa Maria (Rhaeto-Romanic Lai da Sontga Maria ) in the area of the municipality of Medel is a 75 meter high guy mast that stands at 28 meters high concrete pedestals in the floods of the reservoir in the Swiss canton of Graubünden . It was erected in 1949 as a normal guy mast. During the construction of the dam at Santa Maria in 1957, it was placed on the present 28-meter-high concrete base, which protects its construction from the floods of the lake and the ice drift in winter.
History of use and expansion
The Lukmanier line was completed in 1949 as the second north-south transversal by Aare-Tessin AG for electricity . It was initially operated with a voltage of 220 kV.
On February 25, 1999, the pipeline in the lower part of Val Medel was damaged by a snow avalanche over a length of around 500 meters , with a mast being knocked down.
On September 28, 2003, a serious incident occurred in the Schränggigen area in the Ingenbohl community . An arc ran between the wire and a pine tree . The associated failure of the Lukmanier line led to several chain reactions, which resulted in a total power failure throughout Italy. In Switzerland, in addition to the city of Geneva , Ticino , Misox and the Upper Engadine were also affected by the blackout.
From 2003 to 2009, Alpiq (then Atel ) carried out a field test for overhead line monitoring (FLM) on the Lukmanier line together with Swissgrid . Various FLM methods were tested at the three measuring stations in Erstfeld , Rueras and Cugnasco . The decisive factor for the selection of the Lukmanier line for the experiment was its course through three different climatic zones ( moderate , alpine and Mediterranean ), since overhead line monitoring increases the transmission capacity of overhead lines by taking advantage of the climatic conditions.
Since January 3, 2013, the line, like the entire Swiss extra-high voltage grid, has been owned by Swissgrid, which took over operation a few years earlier.
The masts of the Lukmanier line are particularly prone to corrosion due to their old age . As a result, the current operator of the Energiestrasse, Aare-Tessin AG für Elektrizität , feels compelled to replace the previous supporting structures with new masts that meet today's standards.
The 380 kV circuit of the Lukmanier line ended provisionally in 2006 in the Amsteg substation . The section in Urner Reuss Valley and on Lake Uri was partially expanded for 400 kV. The new 400 kV structures are identical to the 380 kV masts of the NOK . Between May and October 2006 17 masts were also replaced between Sisikon and Ingenbohl . Further expansion stages are planned.
literature
- Gerhard Schwickardi: electrical energy technology. Energy transmission, networks, energy distribution, overhead lines, cable lines, switchgear, switchgear, energy conversion, instrument transformers, transformer stations, substations, automation of control rooms , Volume 2, Aarau, Stuttgart 1979 ISBN 3-85502-032-9
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ History of ATEL ( Memento of the original from May 11, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Avalanche-buried high-voltage line ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . ATEL AG press release of February 26, 1999.
- ↑ Power failure paralyzes Italy ( Memento of December 8, 2008 in the Internet Archive ). In: NZZ of September 29, 2003.
- ↑ Walter Sattinger, et al .: Conductor rope temperature measurement on the Lukmanier . In: Electrosuisse Bulletin SEV / VSE , No. 5/2010, pp. 45–49.
