Department of the Navy
Department of the Navy is a special department with responsibility for naval matters . The chief is commonly called the Minister of the Navy . The two forms - military or civil - are occasionally referred to as the Ministry of the Navy and the Ministry of Commerce .
Today there is no longer a state with an independent naval ministry.
To the department
The ministries of naval affairs were important to all seafaring powers , especially in the 19th century . They were usually set up next to or together with the war ministries - which were primarily responsible for the land forces - or were administrative authorities in the vicinity of the Admiralty . And they were initially consistently alongside the Navy and for the Merchant Marine in charge, as well as other aspects of the maritime economy , in some places as Colonial Office (overseas possessions).
In the course of the 20th century, the military agendas were all subordinated to the comprehensive defense ministries, where they partly continue to exist as departments ( naval department, naval office , etc.), but partly have merged with the general administrative structure (such as personnel matters, procurement, logistics, etc.). A few merchant marine ministries have been set up for civilian agendas , otherwise these usually belong to a ministry of transport or a ministry of economics . There are also special fisheries ministries (with matters relating to fishing fleets) or general marine ministries (for all maritime matters, including ecological or natural resources).
List of historical naval ministries and offices
by country (predecessor states, territories and the like in today's states):
- Australia : 1915 Department of Navy (DON) ; 1973 the Department of Defense (DOD) assumed
- Chile : 1818 Ministerio de Guerra y Marina ( War and Navy, the former since 1811); 1924 Ministerio de Guerra and Ministerio de Marina ; Ministerio de Defensa Nacional briefly united in 1927, then both restored; In 1932 briefly (together with the Subsecretaria de Aviación , aviation )incorporated intothe Ministerio del Interior ( Ministry of the Interior ), then briefly Ministerio de Guerra y Aviación and Ministerio de Marina , then merged into today's Ministerio de Defensa Nacional
- Denmark : 1655 Admiralitetet ( Admiralty ), 1848 Marineministeriet ; 1905 merged with the Krigsministeriet to form the Forsvarsministeriet , finally 1950 • Head 1848–1905: Minister of the Navy
- Germany : German Empire : 1848–49 briefly Reich Ministry of the Navy ; Prussia : 1861 Ministry of the Navy ; Subordinated to the War Ministry in 1870; Empire : 1871 then as Imperial Admiralty • Head: Chief of the Kaiserl. Admiralty ; 1888–1919 Reichsmarineamt • Head: State Secretary in the Reichsmarineamt
- Ecuador : 1830 Jefatura de Guerra y Marina ( War and Navy Office); 1843 Ministerio de Guerra y Marina ; } /} / 1930 Ministerio de Guerra, Marina y Aviación (with aviation ); 1935 renamed Ministerio de Defensa Nacional ( Ministry of Defense )
- France : Kingdom of France : 1547 Secrétariat d'État de la Marine (war and merchant navy as well as colonial ; not until 1589 also a Secrétariat de la Guerre ); 1715–18 briefly as Conseil de la Marine (title: President / Chief ; Republics / Empires : 1790/91 Ministère de la Marine et des Colonies ; 1814–15 and again in 1830 briefly mentioned without colonialism); 1848 briefly Ministère de la Guerre et de la Marine (with all matters of war ); 1858–60 ( Algeria and colonies) as well as 1881/82, 1889–92 (each at the Ministry of Commerce ) again without colonial affairs, these finally independent as Ministère des Colonies / des Outre-mer (today's Overseas Ministry ) in1893; 1929 Ministère de la Marine marchande (merchant marine) and 1930 Ministère de la Marine militaire ; the former until 1958 (briefly again in 1940 together with the Ministère de la Marine marchande et militaire ) and the portfolio until 2007 at the Ministère de l'Équipement ( Ministry of Infrastructure, today no longer independent); the second briefly in 1932 together with the Ministère de la Guerre as Ministère de la Défense nationale , 1932 de la Marine , 1934 de la Marine militaire , 1935 Marine , 1938 Marine militaire , 1940 jointly de la Marine marchande et militaire , then again de la Marine ; from 1940 also Forces françaises libres (1941–44 official title Commissaire ); Finally in 1947 with the Ministère de la Défense [ national ] united
- Haiti : 1st Emperor: 1804 Ministère de la Guerre et de la Marine , dissolved in 1806; 2. Kaiserr./Rep .: restored in 1843; Disbanded in 1916 (US invasion)
- Ireland : 1993-97 MoD Ministry for Defense and the Navy ( Defense and Navy)
- Italy : Sardinia-Piedmont : 1697 Segreteria di Stato e di Guerra , 1815 Segreteria di Guerra e di Marina , 1848 renamed Ministero di Guerra e di Marina (War and Navy); 1850 Spin- off from the War Ministry and merged with agriculture and trade to form Ministero della marina, dell'agricoltura e del commercio ; from 1853 to 1947 independent as Ministero della marina and at times also responsible for merchant marine; Kgr . : 1861 the Ministry of the Navy in Turin becomesresponsible for the territorially enlarged state, 1865 move to Florence , 1870 to Rome ; In 1916 it went to the Ministero dei Trasporti Marittimi e Ferroviari (Maritime Trade and Railways), 1920 to the Ministero dell'industria, del commercio e del lavoro (Industry, Trade and Labor), in 1922 back to the Ministry of the Navy, and in 1924 to the Ministero delle comunicazioni (Post, Communication), from 1943 to 1946 finally returned to the Ministry of the Navy; Rep. In 1947 the ministries for war, navy and aviation merged with the Ministero della Difesa (defense); as early as 1946 spin-off of the new Ministero della Marina Mercantile (merchant marine); 1993 merged with the Ministero dei Trasporti e dell'Aviazione Civile ( transport and civil aviation ) to the Ministero dei Trasporti e della Navigazione , this then in 2001 with the Ministero dei Lavori Pubblici ( public works ) to the Ministero delle Infrastrutture e dei Trasporti ( infrastructure and traffic ) merged, which is also responsible for the coast guard .
- Japan : Empire : 1872海軍 省 / Kaigun-shō , until 1885 still subordinate to陸軍 省 / Rikugun-shō (Ministry of the Army), abolished in 1945; Rep .: Naval Affairs at防衛 省 / Bōei-chō (Ministry of Defense) and today's国土 交通 省 / Kokudo-Kōtsū-shō ( MLIT , Ministry of Infrastructure and Transport) • Head:海軍 卿 / Kaigun-kyō ( 'Lord' ) until 1885 , then海軍 大 輔 / Kaigun daijin ( Minister )
- Yugoslavia : Kgr . : 1919 Ministerstvo vojske i mornarice / Министарство војске и морнарице (army and navy, before 1918 only army); 1941–1945 in exile Ministar vojske, mornarice i vazduhoplovstva / Министар војске, морнарице и ваздухопловства (army, navy and aviation ); then Rep .: again together from 1943 Poverenik / Повереник , 1945 Ministar narodne odbrane / Министар народне одбране (Commissioner / Minister for National / People's Defense) • Head: Ministar mornarice
- Canada : Dominion : 1867 Department of Marine and Fisheries / Ministère de la Marine et des Pêches (Navy and Fisheries ); 1884 only of Fisheries / des Pêches ; 1892 back to previous name; 1911 Department of Marine and Fisheries and the Naval Service / Ministère de la Marine et des Pêches et du Service naval (Merchant Navy, Fisheries and Navy) with a separate office of the Minister of the Naval Service / Ministre du Service naval ; 1921/22 again of Marine and Fisheries / de la Marine et des Pêches (merchant marine, fisheries), the Naval Services (Kriegsmarine) to the Department of Militia and Defense and the Naval Service / Ministre de la Milice et de la Défense et du Service naval ; this 1923 only Department of National Defense / Ministère de la Défense nationale ( Army , Navy , Air Force ); In 1930 the Department of Fisheries / Ministère des Pêches (so until 1969) and the Department of Marine / Ministère de la Marine separated ; 1935 the latter merged with the Department of Railways and Canals and the Civil Aviation Branch of the Ministry of Defense to form the Department of Transport / Ministère des Transports (Transport [ s ] Canada) (now Portfolio Transportation, Infrastructure and Communities , TIC); 1940–1946 (WW II) his own military Minister of National Defense for Naval Services / Ministre de la Defense national du Service naval ; Fishing - and also the Coast Guard (CCG) / Garde côtière (GCC , Coast Guard) - today at Fisheries and Oceans Canada the former Department of Fisheries and Oceans (Fisheries and Oceans Canada) / Ministère des Pêches et Océans (Pêches et Océans Canada , Ministry of Fisheries and the Sea )
- Colombia : Greater Colombia 1821 Secretaría de Marina ; / New Granada from 1828 Secretaría de Guerra y Marina ( War and Navy); 1886 Ministerio de Guerra y Marina ; 1965 Ministerio de Defensa Nacional (Mindefensa) , civilian minister since 1991
- Mexico : 1821 Ministerio de Guerra y Marina ( War and Navy); 1884 Secretaría de Guerra y Marina (War and Naval Secretariat); since 1941 Secretaría de Marina (SEMAR) at the Secretaría de la Defensa Nacional (SEDENA)
- Netherlands : Batavian Republic : 1798 Uitvoerend Bewind van Marine (executive director for the navy); 1801 Staatsbewind van Marine (State Director); : 1813 Ministerie van Marine , 1928 together with the Ministerie van Oorlog (Ministry of War) as Ministerie van Defensie ; 1941 split up Ministerie van Oorlog, Ministerie van Marine (mostly joint office holder); from 1956 again Ministerie van Defensie
- Norway :: 1815 7. department ( Marinedepartementet , for the naval forces, fire and pilotage) from the 6th department spun off (military / war administration); : 1885 merger with the Department for landforsvaret (6th, Armédepartementet , land forces) to form today's Forsvarsdepartementet ( FD)
- Austria - no explicit naval ministry: empire / Austria-Hungary : 1854–1918 naval command / naval section , subordinated to the Reichs-Kriegsministerium / kuk joint war ministry
- Portugal : Kgr . : 1736 Secretaria de Estado dos Negócios da Marinha e Domínios Ultramarinos (also Secretaria de Estado da Marinha e Conquistas , State Secretary for Maritime Affairs and Overseas Territories ); /: At the end of the 19th century, increasingly called Ministério da Marinha e Ultramar ; Rep .: 1910 Ministério da Marinha e Colónias ; 1911 divided into a Ministério das Colónias and the Ministério da Marinha ; 1974 as ex-Ministério da Marinha subordinate to the Chefe do Estado Maior da Armada (CEMA , Chief of Staff of the Navy) with the rank of minister; 1982 then partly continued in the Sistema de Autoridade Marítima (Shipping Office), partlyincorporated intothe Ministério da Defesa Nacional (MDN) ; 1983–85 briefly a Ministério do Mar ( Ministry of the Sea ) • Head 1736–1974: Secretário / Ministro da Marinha
- Russia : Tsarist Empire : 1718 Адмиралтейств-коллегия / Admiraltejstew-Kollegija ( Admiralskollegium ); 1812 департамент министра морских (Ministry of the Navy), in 1815 together with the флоту канцелярия (Naval Office) as Морское министерство (Ministry of Navy); Soviet Russia : 1917 Комитет по военным и морским делам (Committee on Military and Navy Affairs), then Народный комиссариат по военным денам (Народный комиссариат по военным денам (Нароервом делам ) 1923 Народный комиссариат по военным и морским делам (People's Commissariat for Military and Navy Affairs); 1934 joint Народный комиссариат обороны (People's Commissariat for Defense); today Russ. Federation : Министерство обороны Российской Федерации / Ministerstwo Obrony Rossijskoj Federazii ( Миноборо́ны / Minobrony) • Head: 1802–17М минисрых. 1802–17М минисрых
- Sweden : 1840 [Kungliga] Sjöförsvarsdepartementet , merged with the Lantförsvarsdepartementet in 1920 to form the Försvarsdepartementet • Head: 1840–1920 Sjöförsvarsministrar (Sjöministrar) ; Department: Expedition Chief
- Spain : Kgr . : 1808 Despacho de Marina de España (Naval Chancellery, Office: Secretaría del Despacho de Marina ); 1851 Ministerio de Marina de España ; /: 1936 joint Ministerio de Guerra ; 1939 separated from Ministerio del Ejército, Ministerio de Marina, Ministerio del Aire (Army, Navy, Air Defense ); 1977unitedto the Ministerio de Defensa de España
- United States : 1798–1945 / 47 Department of the Navy (DON) , then merged with the Department of War (DOW) to form the Department of Defense (DOD, Pentagon) and Department • Head: Secretary of the Navy (SecNav)
-
United Kingdom - no explicit Ministry of the Navy: England / Great Britain / United Kingdom : as early as 1400 Admiral of England / Lord Admiral / Lord High Admiral ; 1546 Council of the Marine (Marinerat, later Navy Board ); 1628 Board of Admiralty (later just The Admiralty , Admiralty ); 1831 Navy Board abolished as an independent authority and transferred to the Admiralty; 1964incorporated intothe Ministry of Defense • Head: 1628–1964 First Lord of the Admiralty , 1621–1964 Lord Commissioner of the Admiralty (if the post of Lord High Admiral was not filled in person)
- Scotland :
Web links
Existing authorities:
- ↑ Secretariat of the Navy semar.gob.mx
- ↑ United States Department of the Navy navy.mil
Individual evidence
- ↑ → es: Ministerio de Defensa Nacional de Chile , with Listado de Ministros de Guerra y Marina de Chile (incompleto)
- ↑ Forsvarsministeriets historie , fmn.dk; → there: Forsvarsministeriet
- ^ → there: Marineministre fra Danmark
- ↑ Historia del Ministerio , defensa.gob.ec; → es: Ministerio de Defensa Nacional de la República del Ecuador (without list, 1/2014)
- ↑ Jean-Philippe Zanco, Dictionnaire des Ministres de la Marine 1689-1958 , Kronos N ° 58, SPM Kronos, Paris 2011, ISBN 978-2-901952-83-1 ( web link , editions-harmattan.fr); Ministère de la Marine , in The Canadian Encyclopedia online; → fr: Ministère de la Défense (France) #Historique , fr: List des ministres français de la Marine et des Colonies , en: Ministre de la Marine
- ↑ → fr: Ministère des Outre-mer
- ↑ Les métiers de la mer, un secteur qui recrute: Métiers de la Marine marchande , Ministère de l'Ecologie, du Développement durable et de l'Energie , developpement-durable.gouv.fr, May 25, 2011, accessed January 10 2014; → fr: List des ministres français de la Marine marchande , Category: Ministers of Commerce (France)
- ↑ Historique , md.gouv.ht, accessed January 30, 2014
- ^ → en: Department of Defense (Ireland) ; en: Minister for Defense (Ireland) , with list
- ↑ State Secretaries for War existed as an independent authority even before the State Secretariat was established (probably 1697); Archivio di Stato di Torino: Segreteria di Stato e di Guerra , accessed on January 18, 2014
- ↑ Ministero della marina, Roma on maas.ccr.it (State Archives) , accessed on January 18, 2014
- ↑ → yes: 海軍 省 (with list), ja: 海軍 大臣 (detailed list), en: Ministry of the Navy of Japan (with list of Ministers of the Navy of Japan ), Category: Minister of the Navy (Japanese Empire)
- ↑ → en: Yugoslav government-in-exile
- ↑ → sr: Списак министара одбране Југославије / Spisak ministara odbrane Jugoslavije , en: Ministry of Defense (Yugoslavia)
- ↑ → en: Fisheries and Oceans Canada #History and #Departmental name changes
- ↑ → en: Department of Marine and Fisheries and the Naval Service , List: en: Minister of the Naval Service (Canada)
- ↑ → en: Minister of National Defense for Naval Services (Canada)
- ^ → es: Ministerio de Defensa de Colombia , with a list of Ministros
- ↑ → no: 6. department
-
↑ Austria never had a naval minister, the Austrian navy was subordinate to the war ministry. In the Austro-Hungarian dual monarchy , the establishment of a joint naval ministry was reconsidered, but never implemented. Emperor Franz Joseph I appointed Vice-Admiral Wilhelm von Tegetthoff on February 25, 1868 as naval commander and head of the Reich Ministry of War, naval section.
Today's Republic of Austria as a landlocked country does not have a marine resort. The Ministry of Defense is responsible for the few patrol boats that report to the pioneers . Civil shipping is dealt with at the Ministry of Transport and within the Danube Commission - ↑ a b → Portuguese Empire #The management of colonies ; pt: Ministério da Marinha e Ultramar ; pt: Ministério da Marinha (Portugal) , with list of ministers
- ↑ → pt: Sistema de Autoridade Marítima
- ↑ → pt: Ministério do Mar
- ↑ → ru: Адмиралтейств-коллегия , en: Admiralty Board (Russian Empire)
- ↑ → ru: Морское министерство Российской империи
- ↑ → ru: Народный комиссариат по военным делам РСФСР
- ↑ → ru: Народный комиссариат по военным и морским делам СССР
- ↑ → ru: Народный комиссариат обороны СССР
- ↑ → en: List of heads of the military of Imperial Russia #Ministry of Sea Forces and #Ministry of the Navy
- ↑ → sv: Sjöförsvarsdepartementet
- ↑ → sv: Sjöförsvarsdepartementet (with list of expedition chiefs ), sv: Sveriges försvarsminister (with list of Sjöförsvarsministrar )
- ↑ → es: Historia de los ministerios de Defensa de España ; Category: Minister of the Navy (Spain)
- ^ → en: List of the First Lords of the Admiralty
- ↑ → en: Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty , en: List of Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty
- ↑ → en: Lord High Admiral of Scotland