Market Square (Lutsk)
| Marketplace | |
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 Market square in Lutsk |
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| Basic data | |
| place | Lutsk |
| District | Old town of Lutsk |
| Buildings | Building complex Lutsk Brotherhood |
The market square ( Ukrainian Майда́н Ри́нок Majdan Rynok ) in Lutsk is one of the oldest and historically most important squares in the Ukrainian city. The city administration held its meetings at this economic hub of the Lutsk society, which emerged in the late Middle Ages . Goods from many cities in Europe and the East were handled. The most prestigious and richest districts were located at the market .
The market square suffered from fire disasters several times . In the middle of the 18th century , when the town hall burned down , the market was also built on, as a result of which the market lost its importance. Trade was still carried out before the Second World War , but after the war its economic importance waned entirely. Today the market has been restored.
history
Beginnings
The beginnings of permanent settlement go back to the end of the 10th century . In the 12th century there was a brisk trade in which the population as well as traveling merchants participated. In the 13th century , with the growing political importance of the city, cooperation with Central European cities increased. The city was divided into quarters around the places of worship .
Magdeburg law
In 1432 the city was granted Magdeburg law by King Jogaila , which privileged the active middle class - the citizens - mostly craftsmen and merchants . They no longer settled in the city, but in a separate place behind the western wall of the Okolner castle. They were forbidden to do so. Still, some strove for a royal exemption. The clergy , board members , princes and magnates usually lived on the territory of the castle .
Magdeburg law strengthened and regulated the rights and duties of the petty bourgeoisie. The market square served as the center of all these processes, because the Magdeburg Law Office was based here. The market played an important role in the city's political and economic life. The townspeople chose their own government - the magistrate , which consisted of two chambers: the upper judiciary (headed by the Vogt ) and the lower council (headed by the mayor ). Its own trade measures were established. The market was used not only for trade, but also for social and political events. It served as a place of announcement of the royal and magistrate orders, was a place of execution and a meeting place. Justice was pronounced in the town hall, and conflicts with foreign merchants were also dealt with.
money
A two-week fair was approved three times a year . In the 15./16. In the 19th century, the market was rich in various currencies that reflected the orientation and political relationships of Volhynia : hryvnias of the Kiev and Novgorod types, coins and soms of the Golden Horde , Prague money , Lithuanian denarii , Polish coins. The Lutschesk (old name of Lutsk) had its own mint , where you 1385 - 1388 during the reign of Vytautas coined the coins of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
trade
The city of Lutsk maintained relations with the Hanseatic cities . In the middle of the 14th century , the goods in the Toruń Customs Register were imported. In 1374 , the Toruń councilor T. von der Linde transported a batch of Flemish material to Lutsk. A Torun merchant, a relative of Nicolaus Copernicus , died in Lutsk on a trade trip.
The lost and found items also include “Rheiner Steinwaren” from the Hanseatic cities, which were considered rare in Eastern Europe . In addition to the Hanseatic cities, Lutsk traded with other European cities and countries. From France were woolens and cotton , the wine , sugar , gold and precious things , herring , pharmaceuticals, brought. Wine, copper and knives from Hungary , cloth from Bohemia . Honey , wax , fish , bread , cattle , leather or tar were delivered to the west . For a few decades, Lutsk was the most important bread trading center in Volhynia. Trade with nearby cities such as Lublin , Kraków , Lemberg , Kamjanez-Podilskyj and others flourished . a.
In 1795 the Russian Empire annexed the Wolhyn area. Magdeburg law was abolished.
In the 1930s , people were still trading on the market square. Fixed rows were set up. During the Second World War the square served as one of the three Lutsk ghettos . In the 1950s and early 1960s , a bus stop was built on the site of the town hall. The swans fountain was in the middle of the market square.
today
Today, the market square, together with the Burgplatz, is a common place in the old town - there are no trade or other events here, the city authorities have distributed their headquarters to other parts of the city. There are mainly residential buildings here, some with cellars from the 16th to 17th centuries. Century. The pharmacy museum is also located here.
Views
Street
Old building
Pharmacy Museum
literature
- Терський С. Історія Луцька. Том 1. Лучеськ Х — XV ст. - Львів, 2006. - c. 65-83, 162-171 ISBN 978-966-553-660-4 .
- В.Пясецький, Ф.Мандзюк. Вулиці і майдани Луцька. - Луцьк, 2005. - с.31-32 ISBN 966-361-050-6 .
- Norman Davies : God's Playground. A History of Poland. Vol. 1: The Origins to 1795 , Vol. 2: 1795 to the Present . Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-925339-0 / ISBN 0-19-925340-4 .
Coordinates: 50 ° 44 '23.1 " N , 25 ° 19' 3.4" E