Mauchenheim (noble family)

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Family coat of arms of those of Mauchenheim called Bechtolsheim

The Mauchenheim family called Bechtolsheim is a German noble family.

Family origin

“The von Mauchenheim family called Bechtolsheim belong to the German nobility . It comes from the Rhine francs ( Wormsgau ) and a pin capable , ritterbürtiges sex that the direct imperial knight cantons of the Middle Rhine , Rhon-Werra , Steigerwald and the Wetterau belonged, "said forwards Hermann Freiherr von Mauchenheim gen. Bechtolsheim his 1975 compilation released via its Family known news.

The family found their first evidence with Mainhardus de Mauchenheim, who appeared as a witness in 1200 . The eponymous seat was in Mauchenheim , around six kilometers southwest of Alzey in what is now Rhineland-Palatinate . The village of Mauchenheim was divided into a northern Palatinate and a southern Bolanden half. When the share of the Lords of Bolanden fell to the Counts of Sponheim as a result of a feud , the Mauchenheimers left their headquarters and settled in Saulheim , Bechtolsheim and Bennhausen . In 1407 a family member appears for the first time as Wilhelmum de Mauchenheim d [ictum] Bechtolsheim , so called Wilhelm von Mauchenheim called Bechtolsheim. Bechtolsheim is located about ten kilometers northeast of Alzey in Rheinhessen , on the same tributary of the Rhine as Mauchenheim, on the Selz . The castle there was the seat of an inheritance to which seven other knight families belonged in addition to the Mauchenheim. The named name gradually developed into the main part of the family name, so that today the salutation baron or Mr / Mrs von Bechtolsheim is common.

history

Wilhelm von Mauchenheim called von Bechtolsheim (approx. 1436–1501) is the progenitor of the two branches of the family that are still flourishing today. His sons Heinrich (approx. 1475–1537) and Matthias (approx. 1501–1547) took over the paternal inheritance, but it was not until 1540 that Matthias and Heinrich's son Johann Heinrich came to an inheritance dispute.

Older line

Palais Bechtolsheim in Eisenach

Heinrich (approx. 1475–1537) founded the older line of the family, which initially relocated its property focus to Dexheim and Sörgenloch and Heldenbergen . The family also continues to appear as a member of the Bechtolsheim, Mommenheim and Schornsheim inheritance . While Philipp Ludwig Wilhelm (1666–1739) was still in the service of the Counts of Hanau as chief hunter , his son Friedrich Ludwig (1699–1744) entered the service of the ducal Saxon-Gotha ; he died in Gotha as the Prince of Saxony-Gothaischer Oberschenk . Johann Ludwig (1739–1806), one of Friedrich Ludwig's sons, became a privy councilor of Saxony-Weimar , Chancellor of the state government in Eisenach and consistorial president . His son Carl Emil, born in Georgenthal in 1775 , fought against Napoleon in the Prussian army and married the French Countess Katharina Duroux de Bueil in 1807. He died of typhus in 1810 on his Varennes estate in France . His widow finally moved to Germany and in 1827 acquired Bodenstein Castle near Nittenau in the Upper Palatinate, which remained the family seat until 1854.

Younger line

While the older line branched out into several, soon-to-be-extinct secondary lines - as a glance at the family tree shows - the younger line continued from one generation to the next for over three hundred years without two male rungs of the same generation entering into marriage. This fact finds its explanation in the custom of many catholic-imperial knighthood noble families without much own property to mark the sons from childhood for the entry into a spiritual monastery or cathedral chapter .

Hermann (1529–1593), the older son of Matthias von Mauchenheim called von Bechtolsheim, the founder of the younger line, appears in 1574 as the Electorate of Mainz " Walpode ". His younger son Johann Georg I (1567-1624) continued the line and is initially still in the service of the Electorate of Mainz, but later as a Nassau bailiff in Cleeberg , south of Wetzlar. The Thirty Years War took a terrible toll in blood on his sons ; only the youngest Johann Georg II. (1610–1675) survived the horrors of the war. After the Swedes handed over the Fulda Abbey to Landgrave Wilhelm V of Hesse in 1632 , Johann Georg II found himself in Fulda as a Hessian administrative clerk , stayed in Fulda after the prince abbots returned in 1640 and appeared in Fulda in 1642 as Oberschultheiß. Soon afterwards, however, he changed to the Würzburg service and from 1649 worked as a senior magistrate in Homburg an der Wern .

So the family had found their way into Franconia . The grandson of Johann Georg II, Reichard Philipp Anton (1683–1735), was appointed heir by his godfather and close relative, the Würzburg cathedral provost Johann Philipp Fuchs von Dornheim , and thus brought, in addition to a palace in Würzburg and possessions in Albertshofen and Mainstockheim , he owns the Mainsondheim Castle near Dettelbach, which is still inhabited by his descendants today.

Coat by Johann Siebmacher s crests (mirror) 1605

coat of arms

The family coat of arms shows two silver bars in black. On the helmet with black and silver covers, a closed flight, with three wings between the wings, on the Saxons with a silver ostrich feather, as the shield is labeled.

Known members

literature

  • Johann Gottfried Biedermann : Gender register of the Reichs-Frey immediate knighthood of Francken, praiseworthy place Steigerwald. Nuremberg 1748.
  • Hermann Frhr. v. Mauchenheim called Bechtolsheim: Compilation of the news known about the family of the Freiherrn von Mauchenheim called Bechtolsheim. 3rd edition published by Hubert Frhr. v. Mauchenheim called Bechtolsheim. Rattenkirchen 1975.
  • Ernst Heinrich Kneschke : New general German nobility lexicon . 1st volume. Leipzig 1859. pp. 250-252. 6th volume. Leipzig 1865. pp. 174-175.
  • Genealogical manual of the nobility , Adelslexikon. Volume VIII. Volume 113 of the complete series. Pp. 326-327. CA Starke Publishing House. Limburg (Lahn) 1997. ISSN  0435-2408

See also

Web links