Max Fabiani

Max Fabiani, 1902

Max Fabiani (born April 29, 1865 in Kobdilj ; † August 18, 1962 in Gorizia ) was a trilingual Austrian-Italian-Slovenian architect .

biography

Max Fabiani was born the eleventh of fourteen children into an Austrian-Italian-Slovenian notable family, the father was Anton Fabiani, the mother Charlotte nee. Kofler. After graduating from secondary school in Laibach , Max Fabiani studied at the Vienna University of Technology from 1883 to 1889 . From 1890 to 1892 he was an assistant at the Graz University of Technology . For his successful graduation he received the prestigious Ghega scholarship, which enabled him to study trips from 1892 to 1894 to Italy , Greece , Germany , France , Belgium and England . 1902 doctorate he was the first graduate in building construction at the Technical University of Vienna. On the mediation of Joseph Maria Olbrich , he joined Otto Wagner's studio for two years , where he worked on the construction of the Vienna light rail and the restoration of Konopischt Castle . From 1896 to 1912 he was an associate professor for art history at the Vienna University of Technology, and from 1910 to 1912 also for interior design and ornamental composition. He also worked as a freelance architect from 1896 to 1917 . The fact that he also employed Adolf Hitler as a technical draftsman before he dismissed him after three months due to work reluctance ("because of poor performance and because he was too weak") is only proven by an interview that Max Fabiani briefly gave gave before his death. He soon received important orders, such as the drafting of the general regulatory plan for the reconstruction of the city of Ljubljana , which was destroyed by an earthquake in 1895 and which still defines the structure of the city today. In addition to restless work as an architect, he wrote many theoretical essays.

In 1917 he was appointed full professor at the Vienna Technical University, but after the end of the war he returned to his homeland, what is now the Italian city of Gorizia , where he directed the reconstruction of the city from 1917 to 1922 and taught at the grammar school from 1924 to 1927.

In the mid-thirties he went back to Kobdilj (municipality of Štanjel , then San Daniele sul Carso, where he was mayor until 1945). There he designed the garden of the Villa Ferrari for his brother-in-law, the Trieste doctor Enrico Ferrari, with a complicated irrigation system, an artificial pond with islets and a Venetian bridge. After the end of the World War , when Štanjel became Yugoslav, he moved back to Gorizia, Italy. Fabiani continued to work as a freelance architect into old age, but fell into oblivion and died impoverished at the age of 97.

Fabiani married Francesca di Rochi (or del Rochi) in 1905, and the later divorcee had two children: Carlotta (1906–1987) and the agronomist Lorenzo Fabiani (1907–1973).

meaning

Fabiani is considered to be one of the fathers of modern architecture in Vienna. Otto Wagner's famous publication Modern Architecture probably goes back to Fabiani's transcript of his lectures. Even before he became Wagner's employee, he had designed pioneering buildings of functionalist modernism, such as the Portois & Fix office building on Ungargasse and the Artaria publishing house on Kohlmarkt . Fabiani demonstrated modernity and willingness to compromise in 1910 with the construction of the Urania , the perfect spatial organization including an observatory, the solution to an urban planning problem (narrow gusset plot on the Danube Canal) and a neo-baroque outer skin. The compromise was due to the proximity to the heir to the throne Franz Ferdinand , whose Konopischt castle he had restored as Wagner's assistant. In the period between the wars, his buildings show eclectic-historicizing tendencies that reflect Fabiani's preoccupation with Renaissance and Baroque architecture. His wide-ranging interests are shown in essays on Etruscan culture and technical inventions (a flying machine and a mini-submarine). With his extensive construction activities, his numerous writings and his teaching activities in Vienna (student among others Josef Frank , Oskar Strnad , Oskar Wlach and Walter Sobotka ) he had a formative effect on a whole subsequent generation of architects.

Awards (selection)

Ghega Travel Grant, 1892
Prize from the municipality of Vienna for an outstanding building, 1915 (Dreihufeisengasse office building)
Knight of the Franz Joseph Order
Knight of the Red Eagle Order , 1917
Knight of the Légion d'honneur
Knight of the Vatican Order of Merit
Commendatore des Ordine della Corona d'Italia
Member of the National Board of Directors of the Italian Chamber of Architects, 1927–1931
Honorary Inspector of the Italian Monument Protection, 1938–1962
Golden doctoral diploma from the Vienna University of Technology, 1952
In 1984 Fabianistrasse in Vienna- Simmering (11th district) was named after him.

Exhibitions

1967 Max Fabiani , TH Vienna and Ljubljana
1982 Max Fabiani, Buildings and Projects , Vienna
1988 Max Fabiani, nuove frontiere dell'architettura , Trieste

Works (selection, chronological)

Map with all coordinates: OSM | WikiMap

photo	Construction year	Surname	Location	description	Metadata
	1896	Villa waiter	Hohe Warte 29, Vienna 19	destroyed
BW	1896	Official spa house	Stubište dr. Vande Ekl 1, Opatija , Abbazia, Coastal Land , Croatia Location
Yes	1897	Rental house	Preysinggasse 10, Vienna 15 location	changed The decor was knocked off.
BW	1898	Villa Baumann	Anton-Langer-Gasse 3, Vienna 13 location
	1898	Pavilion of the three commissions	Anniversary exhibition Vienna	destroyed
	1898	City regulation of Ljubljana	Ljubljana, Slovenia	Draft The draft was not implemented, but served as the basis for the later general plan.
	1898-1900	Apartment houses Rieß	Vienna 4, Starhemberggasse 40 Location	destroyed
BW	1898-1900	Girls school	Levstikov Trg 11, Ljubljana, Slovenia location
Yes	1899	Rental house u. Coffee Allegri	Ulica Barlickiego 1, Bielsko-Biała , Poland Location	Note: Also Café de l'Europe
	1899	City regulation of Bielsko-Biala	Bielsko-Biała , Poland	multiple objects
Yes	1899-1900	Portois & Fix office building BDA-ID: 7763 Wikidata	Ungargasse 59–61, Vienna 3 location
	1900	Villa Belar	Podhom, Spodnje Gorje, Bled, Slovenia Coordinates are missing! Help.
Yes	1900	Gutenberg Monument Vienna 1 BDA-ID: 447 Wikidata	Lugeck location	with the sculptor Hans Bitterlich
BW	1897-1901	Poor house - city utility	Japljeva 2, Ljubljana , Slovenia location
	1900	Reception salon of the Austrian pavilion	World Exhibition Paris	destroyed
Yes	1900-1902	Artaria commercial building BDA-ID: 24509 Wikidata	Kohlmarkt 9, Vienna 1 location
Yes	1901	House "Libertas"	Piaristengasse 20, Vienna 8 location	changed Note: facade decor chipped. Secessionist staircase lattice
Yes	1901	House Krisper	Miklošičeva 20, Ljubljana, Slovenia location
BW	1901-1902	Villa Schwegel	Ulica Maršala Tita 8, Opatija, Croatia location	Note: Today a branch of the Treasury
Yes	1902-1914	Construction management of Konopiště Wikidata Castle	Konopište 1, Benešov, Czech Republic Location
Yes	1902	House Petrocochino	Linzer Straße 371, Vienna 14 location
Yes	1902	Monument to Prešeren Wikidata	Ljubljana, Slovenia location
Yes	1902-1908	Miklošičev park Wikidata	Miklošičev park, Ljubljana, Slovenia location
	1903	Villa Max	San Daniele sul Carso, coastal area / Staniel, SLO coordinates are missing! Help.
	1903	Monument steles in front of the Technical University	Karlsplatz 12, Vienna 4 coordinates are missing! Help.
BW	1903-1905	Chamber of Commerce Trgovski dom	Corso Giuseppe Verdi 50 / Via Petrarca, Gorizia, Italy location
	1904	Rental house	Graf Starhemberg-Gasse 40, Vienna 4 location	destroyed
BW	1904	House Hribar	Tavčarjeva ulica 2, Ljubljana, Slovenia location
Yes	1904-1905	Sparkassa and Narodni Dum Wikidata	Via Fabio Filzi 14, Trieste , Italy location	Note: identical to Hotel Balkan , also managed by AZW in Gorizia	Max Fabiani
Yes	1905-1906	Rental house "Zum Roten Igel" BDA-ID: 90043 Wikidata	Wildpretmarkt 1, Vienna 1 location	changed
BW	1906	Bartoli House	Piazza della Borsa 7, Trieste , Italy location
BW	1906	House stable	Via Belpoggio 1, Trieste , Italy location
Yes	1906	Köchert tomb	Hietzinger Friedhof, Vienna 13, Maxingstrasse 15, location
BW	1906	Rectory of St. Jakob	Gornji trg 18, Ljubljana location
	1906	German bohem. Industrial exhibition	Liberec, Czech Republic	destroyed
BW	1907	Bamberg Palace	Miklošič street 16, Ljubljana, Slovenia location	Note: also Haus Kleinmayer
	1908	Renovation Hotel Europe	Salzburg	destroyed
BW	1908	Fiat works	Vienna 21, Brünner Strasse 72 location
BW	1908	Jakopič Pavilion Wikidata	Laibach, Krain / Ljubljana, SLO location
BW	1908-1910	Girls' College Wikidata	Laibach, Krain / Ljubljana, SLO, Presernova 25 location
BW	1909	Villa Riehl	Salzastraße 12, Windischgarsten, Upper Austria location
Yes	1909-1910	People's education center "Urania" BDA-ID: 40903 Wikidata	Vienna 1, Uraniastraße 1 location
BW	1910	Villa Faber	Aufham 1, Attersee am Attersee, Upper Austria location
	1910	Equipment of the club rooms d. Austrian trade association	Vienna	multiple objects
Yes	1911	Villa changer	Vienna 13, Trauttmansdorffgasse 26 Location
	1911	Equipment d. Club rooms of the ÖIAV	Vienna coordinates are missing! Help.
YesBW	1912-1913	Reithoffer office building	Vienna 6, Lehargasse 9–11 location
	1913	Betzler factory	Bozen, Tirol / Bolzano, I coordinates are missing! Help.
Yes	1917	Mur Bridge "Weinzöttl" BDA-ID: 76729 Wikidata	Wienerstraße, Graz location
BW	1920-1956	Sacre Cœur Church	Via Brigata Casale, 10, Via IX Agosto, Gorizia location	Parocchia del san Cuore
	1921-1956	various urban planning, restorations and more		multiple objects
	1922	Pellegrini house	Via Brigata Casale 10, Gorizia , Italy Coordinates are missing! Help.
BW	1933-1935	Parish Church of St. Laurenz	Lokavec, Ajdovščina location
BW	1925-1935	Remodeling u. Garden design Villa Ferrari Wikidata	Štanjel , Slovenia location
BW	1938	Casa del Fascio	Štanjel 59 a, Štanjel , Slovenia Location	Note: received?

literature

Andrej Hrausky, Janez Koželj: Maks Fabiani. Vienna / Ljubljana / Trieste . Hermagoras: Klagenfurt 2015, ISBN 978-3-7086-0861-7

Marco Pozzetto: Max Fabiani. An architect of the monarchy. Edition Tusch, Vienna 1983, ISBN 3-85063-124-9 .

Renate Gutjahr: Max Fabiani 1865–1962. An architect in his day (1895–1913). 2 volumes. Vienna 1988 (Vienna, university, dissertation, 1988).

Ákos Moravánsky: The Architecture of the Danube Monarchy . Ernst, Berlin 1988 ISBN 3-433-02037-X .

Annette Becker, Dietmar Steiner , Wilfried Wang (eds.): Austria (= architecture in the 20th century. Vol. 1). Catalog book on the occasion of the exhibition in the Deutsches Architektur-Museum, Frankfurt am Main (October 14, 1995 - January 14, 1996) and in the Architektur-Zentrum, Vienna (1997). Prestel, Munich 1995, ISBN 3-7913-1613-3 .

Hermann Fillitz (Hrsg.): History of the fine arts in Austria. Volume 6: Wieland Schmied (Ed.): 20th century. Prestel, Munich a. a. 2002, ISBN 3-7913-2516-7 .

Sources and Notes

↑ Geniewahn: Hitler and the art of Birgit Schwarz , Böhlau Verlag, 2009, pp. 64–65.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d http://www.architektenlexikon.at/de/119.htm
↑ published 1896, reprinted by A. Schroll & Co., Vienna 1902

Web links

Commons : Max Fabiani - collection of images, videos and audio files

Max Fabiani. In: arch INFORM .
Max Fabiani. In: Architects Lexicon Vienna 1770–1945. Published by the Architekturzentrum Wien . Vienna 2007.
Entry about Max Fabiani in the Austria Forum (biography)

personal data
SURNAME	Fabiani, Max
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	Austrian-Italian architect
DATE OF BIRTH	April 29, 1865
PLACE OF BIRTH	Kobdil
DATE OF DEATH	August 18, 1962
Place of death	Gorizia

[1] Geniewahn: Hitler and the art of Birgit Schwarz , Böhlau Verlag, 2009, pp. 64–65.

[Architektenlexikon-2] ttp://www.architektenlexikon.at/de/119.htm

[3] ublished 1896, reprinted by A. Schroll & Co., Vienna 1902