Max pit

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Max Volkhart : Max Grube as Burleigh in Schiller's Maria Stuart , around 1880

Max Grube (born March 25, 1854 in Dorpat , † December 25, 1934 in Meiningen ) was a German actor , theater director and writer .

Life

The father, Adolph Eduard Grube , came to Breslau as a full professor of zoology in 1857 from the university in Dorpat (Russian department of Livonia) . Max Grube attended the Maria-Magdalenen-Gymnasium there . At the age of nine he saw Weber's opera Freischütz his first theater performance. And in his “Youth Memories of a Fortune Child” he writes: I was maybe twelve years old when I made the firm decision to become an actor, and this moment is ingrained in my memory .

When Max Grube was 14 years old, together with Eberhard Gothein , Friedrich Schottky and Heinrich Rosin , he founded a literary association called “Concordia”, which continued for many years. Grube had already been introduced to Karl von Holtei as a high school student . At the beginning of his career, the friendly relationship with the old theater man was of particular importance. His first engagement in the theater in 1872 at the Meiningen Theater shaped his artistic activity for the rest of his life in the sense of a “beautiful” historical realism. In 1876 he moved to the Detmold court theater. In 1879 Grube married the actress Marie Leisch in Breslau. The marriage remained childless.

Services

Max Grube (1), Heinrich Rupprecht (2), Georg Hacker (3), Karl Uhlig (4), Rheinische Goethe-Festspiele 1911, title page Düsseldorfer Theater-Woche

The Detmold court theater also played in Osnabrück , Pyrmont and Münster and went on tours to Bielefeld , Dortmund and Lübeck (1876/77). Even here he played great character roles and at times directed. In Berlin in 1874 he met the writer Julius Stettenheim , the playwright and journalist Paul Lindau (later director of the Meininger Theater) and the painter and graphic artist Paul Meyerheim . And on the recommendation of his friend Holtei, Grube in Lübeck quickly made contact with Emanuel Geibel . Max Grube's next stop was Bremen in 1878. Here the 24-year-old already played Shakespeare's “ Hamlet ” with great success and found close contact with Heinrich Bulhaupt , who was considered the “center of intellectual life in Bremen”.

Leipzig followed in 1882 and Dresden in 1884 . He returned to the Meiningen in 1886 and became the first character actor there. The Meininger Hoftheater, directed by Duke Georg II of Saxony-Meiningen , was the leading German theater at the time. The Meiningers traveled with their acclaimed theater performances across Europe, from London to Moscow and from Stockholm to Trieste . With the benevolent cry “Die Meiningen are coming”, the guest venues got in the mood for the internationally known theater ensemble. In 1888 Grube was hired as a performer at the Royal Theater in Berlin, where he was appointed chief director in 1890. Under him, Hermann Vallentin received his training as an actor in Berlin. In addition to classic dramas with a focus on Shakespeare's works, Grube staged the world premiere of Gerhart Hauptmann's drama Hanneles Himmelfahrt in 1893 . In his efforts to win the stage for the dramas by Friedrich Hebbel , he even found the support of the German Emperor Wilhelm II.

From 1898 Grube was also director of the Goethe Festival in Düsseldorf . He returned to Meiningen in 1909 to take over the first management of the new theater there until 1913. He brought Hans Thimig to Meiningen , among others . From 1913 to 1918 he headed the German Theater in Hamburg . Max Grube spent his old age in Meiningen. Most of his literary publications are intended for the theater or are devoted to topics related to the history of theater. Grube has received awards and medals from almost all German princely houses as well as from Denmark , Portugal , Romania and Russia . The exzar Ferdinand of Bulgaria, a great theater lover, held Grube in high regard and visited him in Meinigen several times from 1919 to discuss the art of theater with him.

After he completed a guest performance at the Lübeck Theater in the title role of Gotthold Ephraim Lessing's Nathan the Wise on February 21, 1923 , he was subsequently made an honorary member of the Lübeck City Theater .

After the seizure of power by the Nazis pit was among the 88 writers who in the October 1933 vow faithful allegiance to Adolf Hitler had signed.

literature

Web links

Commons : Max Grube  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hans-Joachim Böttcher: Ferdinand von Sachsen-Coburg and Gotha 1861-1948 - A cosmopolitan on the Bulgarian throne . Osteuropazentrum Berlin - Verlag (Anthea Verlagsgruppe), Berlin 2019, ISBN 978-3-89998-296-1 , p. 350 .
  2. ^ Rubric: Chronicle. In: Vaterstädtische Blätter , year 1922/23, No. 12, edition of March 11, 1923, p. 48
  3. ^ Ernst Klee : The culture lexicon for the Third Reich. Who was what before and after 1945. S. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2007, ISBN 978-3-10-039326-5 , p. 202.
personal data
SURNAME Pit, max
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German actor
DATE OF BIRTH March 25, 1854
PLACE OF BIRTH Dorpat
DATE OF DEATH December 25, 1934
Place of death Meiningen