Max nun

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Max and Henny Nun, 1949

Carl Ludwig Ernst Max Nonne (born January 13, 1861 in Hamburg ; † August 12, 1959 in the Dwerkaten estate near Lütjensee ) was a German neurologist .

Life

family

His father Edwin Nonne was a businessman and manufacturer. Several of his ancestors had been schoolmasters. The paternal grandfather ( Ludwig Nonne ) reformed the educational system of the Duchy of Meiningen-Hildburghausen according to Pestalozzi's principles , set up a teachers' seminar and founded an “Institute for daughters of educated classes”.

Heye / Nun family burial site , Ohlsdorf cemetery

As a child, Nun experienced the national enthusiasm on the occasion of the establishment of the German Empire in 1871 after the Franco-German War . He then visited the Johanneum in Hamburg, which his maternal grandfather (Karl Kraft) had been director for 33 years. Nun had the ambition to complete this "school of scholars" as a Primus, which he achieved in 1879 with the best Abitur of the year.

In 1895 he married Henriette Dorothea "Henny" Heye, the daughter of a respected and wealthy glass manufacturer (today Heye International ). Three daughters came from the marriage, including Martha, who married Walter Rohland , who later became entrepreneur and functionary of the armaments and mining industry , in 1924 . The only son died on the Eastern Front in 1918 .

On the Ohlsdorf cemetery in Hamburg at Planquadrat V 20, (east of Chapel 2 on Nebenallee ), the family grave Heye / Nun , consisting of the grave wall (1893) by the German sculptor Engelbert Peiffer , the Christ statue (1919) for Hans Nonne the German Sculptor Georg Wienbrack (1877–1953) and several pillow stones.

education and profession

Nun decided to study medicine and spent the first four semesters in Heidelberg , where he also did his physics . Here he was a member of the Hamburg Society . From the summer of 1881 he studied in Freiburg , then in Berlin and again in Heidelberg, where he wrote his state examination took off and in 1884 with a thesis to etiology of portal vein thrombosis with summa cum laude doctorate . In the meantime he had become an assistant to Wilhelm Erb at the Medical Clinic in Heidelberg . After working as an assistant for two years, he made a scientific visit to France. He spent six weeks with Jean-Martin Charcot and during this time also visited the syphilidologist Fourier.

From 1888 to 1889 Nun was an assistant at the Hamburg-Eppendorf Hospital for two years and was appointed chief physician in an internal department in 1890. In 1896 he also became head of the 2nd internal department at Eppendorf Hospital, which was later renamed Neurological Clinic . Max Nonne stayed here until his retirement in 1933 (as part of a National Socialist “rejuvenation” of the teaching staff).

After retirement

Nonnes autobiography tells little about the time after the seizure of power by the Nazis in Germany. One of his students reports that Nun either stood up for his Jewish colleagues (e.g. BE Fränkel) or found them a job abroad (Wohlwill, Emden, etc.). On the other hand, after the end of the war he is said to have acted as an advocate for colleagues who were NSDAP members. In 1940 he was elected a member of the Leopoldina .

In contrast, it is known that Nun both knew about the killing of disabled children in Hamburg and, in a memorandum of 1942, unequivocally advocated these killings in connection with racial hygiene measures:

“At the moment, the idea of ​​relieving our national overload by releasing the destruction of the completely worthless spiritually dead is still met with contradiction. (...) However, reasonable enlightenment should be given the task of allowing the public to mature into the view that the elimination of the spiritually completely dead is not a crime, an immoral act, no emotional brutality, but a permitted, useful act. "

In 1946 he once again took a position as an expert witness in a preliminary investigation against the pediatrician Wilhelm Bayer and the psychiatrist Friedrich Knigge :

"In the cases of Dr. Knigge are all serious idiots (...) In the cases of Dr. Bayer, the material at hand was exactly the same (...) These are all cases for which I had wanted an interruption in my life for many years. "

power

Nun's scientifically most fruitful period is connected with his activity in Eppendorf. His work is characterized by several topics with clinical breadth extending to the entire neurology. So he discovered a hereditary form of the cerebellar disease (Nun-Marie disease). He increased knowledge of multiple sclerosis , alcoholic nerve diseases and peripheral nerve injuries. He compiled an abundance of syphilis-related syndromes of the nervous system and collected cases of pituitary damage and short stature caused by them . Nonne made significant progress in the diagnosis of syphilitic diseases through the introduction of the globulin reaction , which he had worked out with Apelt. He also coined the term pseudotumor cerebri for states of brain swelling with congestive papilla , the cause of which cannot be found.

From 1918 to 1924 Nonne took over the management of the German Society for Neurology and in 1926 the editing of the German Journal for Neurology .

When the nun retired at the age of 73, he accepted an invitation to South Africa, visited his former students on numerous trips and was shown their new research results. Up to the age of 95 he also gave individual public lectures on such occasions that were amazingly fresh and lively. At the invitation of Gustav Bodechtel (1899–1983) , he gave his last lecture on July 18, 1956 in front of the Munich clinic about the nature and manifestation of neurosis .

Honors

Max Nunne was an honorary member of 21 international neurological societies. He was the holder of the Möbius medal and the Erb commemorative coin.

Discussion about the street name in Hamburg-Langenhorn

A street in the Hamburg district of Langenhorn was named after him. In 2013, Max Nunne's proximity to National Socialism was noticed. On November 13, 2015, the Hamburg-Nord district assembly unanimously passed the resolution "[...] to develop a city-wide concept for dealing with street names after people exposed to Nazi stress." The Langenhorn-Fuhlsbüttel-Ohlsdorf-Alsterdorf-Groß Borstel regional committee was charged with it.

On April 20, 2015, the regional committee unanimously approved an intergroup motion to rename the streets “Max-Nonne-Straße” and “ Konjetznystraße ”. Two submissions from guarantors were also noted at the meeting. Among other things, the White Rose and Ursula de Boor were proposed as new namesake .

In 2016, “Max-Nonne-Strasse” was renamed “Ursula-de-Boor-Strasse” and “Konjetznystrasse” was renamed “ Annie-Kienast-Strasse ”.

Quote

"The best are sacrificed, the physically and mentally inferior, useless and pests are carefully preserved, instead of a thorough catharsis taking place on this favorable occasion, which moreover would have transfigured the parasites that drain the people's strength through the halo of heroic death."

- Max Nun : 1922 on the First World War

Nun eponyms

  • Nonne-Apelt reaction: sensitive, qualitative method for the detection of globulins in the cerebrospinal fluid
  • Nun-Marie disease: hereditary disease of the nervous system with ataxia caused by cortical cerebellar atrophy
  • Nun-Milroy-Meige syndrome: chronic hereditary lymphedema of the legs

Publications (selection)

  • On the aetiology of portal vein thrombosis. In: German archive for clinical medicine. Volume 37, 1885, pp. 241-264 ( archive.org ).
  • Four cases of Elephantiasis congenita hereditaria. In: Archives for pathological anatomy and physiology and for clinical medicine . Volume 125, Issue 1, July 1891, pp. 189-196, doi: 10.1007 / BF01970303 .
  • together with Eduard Arning : Further contribution to the clinic and anatomy of neuritis leprosa. In: Archives for pathological anatomy and physiology and for clinical medicine. Volume 134, Issue 2, November 1893, pp. 319-330, doi: 10.1007 / BF01925072 .
  • The problem of the therapy of syphilogenic nervous diseases in the light of recent research results. In: Munich medical weekly. Vol. 62, 1915, pp. 296-300.
  • About successful suggestive treatment of hysteriform disorders in war neuroses. In: Journal for the whole of neurology and psychiatry. Volume 37, 1917, pp. 191-218.
  • Beginning and goal of my life. Memories. Christians, Hamburg 1971.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Die Maus, Gesellschaft für Familienforschung e. V. Bremen: Local family book Bremen and Vegesack: ROHLAND, Walter Paul . Retrieved November 25, 2019.
  2. ↑ Max Nun: Beginning and goal of my life. Memories. Hamburg 1971.
  3. ^ Georges Schaltbrand: Max Nonne (1861–1959). In: Kurt Kolle (Hrsg.): Grosse Nervenärzte. Thieme, Stuttgart 1963.
  4. ↑ a b Hendrik van den Bussche , Christoph Mai, Friedemann Pfäfflin: Continuity, adaptation and opposition: the medical faculty in the “Third Reich”. In: Ursula Weisser (Ed.): 100 Years (1889–1989) University Hospital Eppendorf. Tübingen 1989, p. 221.
  5. ↑ University of Hamburg: Honorary Senators of the University of Hamburg . Retrieved November 25, 2019.
  6. ↑ taz.de
  7. ↑ Sitzungsdienst-hamburg-nord.hamburg.de
  8. ↑ Sitzungsdienst-hamburg-nord.hamburg.de
  9. ↑ Sitzungsdienst-hamburg-nord.hamburg.de
  10. ↑ hamburg.de
  11. ↑ Max Nonne: Therapeutic experiences on the war neuroses in the years 1914 to 1918. In: Otto von Schjerning (Ed.): Handbook of the medical experiences in the world wars 1914/1918. Volume 4: Mental and Nervous Diseases. Karl Bonhoeffer, Leipzig 1922, pp. 102–121, on p. 112.
personal data
SURNAME Nun, Max
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Nun, Carl Ludwig Ernst Max (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German neurologist
DATE OF BIRTH January 13, 1861
PLACE OF BIRTH Hamburg
DATE OF DEATH August 12, 1959
Place of death Hamburg