Melbach

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Melbach
Community Wölfersheim
Coordinates: 50 ° 22 ′ 50 ″  N , 8 ° 48 ′ 30 ″  E
Height : 150 m above sea level NHN
Area : 10.19 km²  [LAGIS]
Residents : 1250  (Dec. 31, 2013)
Population density : 123 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : December 31, 1970
Postal code : 61200
Area code : 06036

Melbach is a district of the municipality of Wölfersheim in the Wetterau district in Hesse .

Geographical location

Melbach is located south of Wölfersheim, the largest part of the municipality of the same name. The place is on the federal highway 455 and on the railway line Friedberg – Wölfersheim – Södel (former railway line Friedberg – Mücke ) with its own train station.

history

First mention and place names

The name Melbach is derived from Old High German malan = black. " The river name Schwarzbach is common. "

Between 802 and 817, during the term of office of Abbot Ratgar , the place was first called " Melbbach ". " Walthere tradidit sancto Bonifacio bona sua in Melbbach. " (Translation: Walter gives St. Bonifatius his goods in Melbach). During this time, Berstadt and Grund-Schwalheim were mentioned for the first time , which will also celebrate their 1200th anniversary in 2017. According to Kropat, today's Melbach can be identified with Melbbach . The dating to the term of office of Abbot Ratgar is based on Stengel. This donation is also evidence of early ownership of the Fulda Monastery in Melbach.

Other historical forms of the place name in the High Middle Ages are:

  • around 1090 to 1150 " Melpah "
  • 1206 " Melpach "

Melbach court and court book

The free imperial village had its own court, which was initially pledged by the empire to the Lords of Carben and later to the Burggrafschaft Friedberg . To the southwest in front of the church wall stood the court linden tree and the court table . Huben courts have been held here since 1341 . The court linden tree has been felled, the stone court table is on the Hague today . The Rode desert near Wisselsheim also belonged to the Melbach court . 1419: " to the Roide by Wissensheim in the Melpächer court ", 1420: " by the Rode in Melpechir courts ." The original of the court book, begun in 1475, is in the Wölfersheim municipal archive. The content was published in regesta form by the former pastor Hermann Knodt. The title of the court book is: " Insatze des gerichts anno domini 1475. " In addition to the festivities, the court book contains the court rules as well as the lay judge's and neighbor's oath of 1475.

Modern times

During the Seven Years' War and the Napoleonic Wars, the town's large estates in particular were obliged to provide haulage services and taxes.

In 1806 Melbach was owned by the von Wetzel family called von Carben . In that year, Melbach fell to the Grand Duchy of Hesse as a result of the Rhine Confederation Act , which incorporated the town into the Principality of Upper Hesse (from 1816: Province of Upper Hesse ). The patrimonial jurisdiction of the Wetzel called von Carben continued to exist.

Between 1820 and 1822 there was an administrative reform in the Grand Duchy. With it, jurisdiction and administration were separated at the lower level . District districts were created for administrative tasks , and district courts for the first instance jurisdiction. Melbach was incorporated into the Butzbach district administration in 1821 , but "with the reservation of the patrimonial police powers". With regard to jurisdiction, Melbach was now assigned to the Friedberg district court .

During the Upper Hessian Potato War in September 1830, the farmers and citizens of Melbach, Södel and Wölfersheim loyal to the authorities beat back the rebels in the field near Melbach and arrested the leaders. Due to a misunderstanding, Hessian soldiers who had come from Butzbach then caused the Södel bloodbath .

The modern Melbach

In Melbach, in the northeast of the village, there is one of the oldest Hessian village community centers. The “Räuberhöhle” day care center was also built. In the center, west of the church, is the modern fire station. On the eastern edge of the village in the direction of Weckesheim, Melbach has a large sports area.

As part of the regional reform in Hesse, Wölfersheim merged on a voluntary basis on December 31, 1970 with the places Melbach, Södel and Wohnbach to form the large community of Wölfersheim.

Culture and sights

Buildings

Evangelical Lutheran Church in Melbach
Waterworks

Clubs and organizations

  • 1. Melbach Carneval Club
  • Ev. Trumpet Choir Södel / Melbach
  • Melbach volunteer fire brigade
  • Choir "Liederkranz Melbach" 1919 e. V. The choral society was very likely founded as early as 1815, making it the oldest in Melbach. A club flag from the 19th century has been preserved. It bears the inscription "Gesangverein Melbach 1861" under a lyre. On the other hand, the flag shows a double-headed eagle.
  • Rural women's association Melbach
  • Local farmers' association Melbach
  • Seniors Club Melbach
  • SG 1927 Melbach (soccer)
  • SPD Melbach district
  • Table tennis club 1978 Melbach
  • Gymnastics community in 1891 Melbach
  • VdK local association Melbach
  • Association of Melbach

Personalities

  • August Görtz (1795–1864), Hessian civil servant and politician
  • Christoph Keil (1805–1872), Hessian member of parliament and mayor of Melbach from 1843 to 1872
  • Georg Caspar Leopard (1749–1834), Solms-Braunfels administrator, estate owner, author of scientific works on agriculture.

literature

  • Christian Aledter: The historic community of Melbach until it was incorporated into the large community of Wölfersheim in 1970. Wölfersheim in 1980.
  • Hermann Knodt: The Melbach Court Book. In: Wetterau history sheets. 9, 1960, pp. 45-78.
  • Manfred Preiß: Family book of the evangelical church community Melbach. Friedberg 2018.
  • Eugen Rieß: Church history of Melbach in the Wetterau. Friedberg 2016.
  • Eugen Rieß: Melbach - Meelbach - Melpach - Melbbach. 1200 years in the middle of the Wetterau. A local history . Wölfersheim 2018.
  • Dieter Wolf : Village fortifications: grove, fences and fixed gate structures . in: Eugen Rieß, Melbach , pp. 285-316.
  • Literature about Melbach in the Hessian Bibliography

Web links

Commons : Melbach  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Population figures HW. In: Internet presence. Wölfersheim community, archived from the original on August 26, 2016 ; accessed in November 2018 .
  2. ^ Jürgen Steen: Kings and nobility in the early medieval settlement, social and agricultural history of the Wetterau. , Frankfurt am Main 1917 (= writings of the Historisches Museum Frankfurt am Main . 14). 1979, ISBN 3-7829-0223-8 , p. 175.
  3. ↑ Heinrich Meyer to Ermgassen: Codex Eberhardi . Volume 1 II, No. 171, p. 212 fol. 112 rb = Ernst Friedrich Johann Dronke : Traditiones et Antiquitates Fuldensis (TAF). Fulda 1844, Capitulum 42, No. 171.
  4. ↑ Wolf-Arno Kropat : Empire, nobility and church in the Wetterau from the Carolingians - to the Staufer period . (= Publications of the Hessian State Office for historical regional studies. 28).
  5. ^ Edmund Ernst Stengel : Document book of the Fulda monastery . Volume I, 2, Marburg 1956, p. 435, no.331.
  6. ↑ Heinrich Meyer to Ermgassen: Codex Eberhardi. Volume 1, p. 333 = TAF, Capitulum 25, p. 60.
  7. ^ Hans Otto Keunecke: The Munzenberger . Sources and studies on the emancipation of an imperial servant family. (= Sources and research on Hessian history. 35). Darmstadt / Marburg 1978, p. 149, no.180.
  8. ↑ Erhard Nietzschmann: The free in the country. Former German imperial villages and their coats of arms. Melchior, Wolfenbüttel 2013, ISBN 978-3-944289-16-8 , p. 53.
  9. ↑ Georg Landau : Description of the district Wettereiba. Kassel 1855, p. 14.
  10. ^ Ludwig Baur : Document book of the Arnsburg monastery. Darmstadt 1851, No. 1172.
  11. ↑ Hermann Knodt: The Melbacher court book. In: Wetterau history sheets. 9, 1960, pp. 45-78.
  12. ↑ Hermann Knodt: The Melbacher court book. In: Wetterau history sheets. 9, 1960, p. 45.
  13. ^ L. Ewald: Contributions to regional studies . In: Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . Jonghaus, Darmstadt 1862, p. 56.
  14. ↑ Art. 25 Federal Act on the Rhine .
  15. ^ Ordinance on the division of the country into districts and district courts of July 14, 1821 . In: Hessisches Regierungsblatt dated July 20, 1821, p. 403ff.
  16. ^ Ordinance on the division of the country into districts and district courts of July 14, 1821 . In: Hessisches Regierungsblatt dated July 20, 1821, pp. 409f.
  17. ^ Ordinance on the division of the country into districts and district courts of July 14, 1821 . In: Hessian Government Gazette of July 20, 1821, p. 410.
  18. ↑ Manfred Köhler: The blood bath of Södel on October 1, 1830. In: Eugen Rieß: 1200 years of Södel. Volume 1: The 'story. Rockenberg 2001, p. 177 ff.
  19. ↑ Amalgamation of the communities Melbach, Södel, Wohnbach and Wölfersheim in the Friedberg district to form the community "Wölfersheim" on January 5, 1971 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (Ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1971 No. 3 , p. 110 , 110 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 5.5 MB ]).