Mellensee (Am Mellensee)
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Mellensee
Am Mellensee municipality
Coordinates: 52 ° 11 ′ 8 ″ N , 13 ° 25 ′ 9 ″ E
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| Height : | 39 m | |
| Area : | 789 km² | |
| Residents : | 1166 (December 31, 2015) | |
| Population density : | 1 inhabitant / km² | |
| Incorporation : | February 1, 2002 | |
| Postal code : | 15838 | |
| Area code : | 03377 | |
Location of Mellensee in Brandenburg |
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Mellensee (until 1930 only Mellen , then renamed Mellensee) located on the Mellensee of the same name , is a district of the non-official municipality Am Mellensee in the Teltow-Fläming district ( Brandenburg ). Until the merger in 2002 with other neighboring municipalities to form the (large) municipality of Am Mellensee, Mellensee was a municipality within the then Am Mellensee office. The district describes itself in terms of tourism as the “fishermen's village”.
location
Mellensee is located in the northeastern part of the municipality Am Mellensee. It borders in the north, east and southeast on the area of the city of Zossen, in the west on the district Saalow and in the south on the districts Rehagen and Klausdorf , all three districts of the municipality Am Mellensee.
The place is at the north end of the Mellensee , from which the place got its name. The L 791 runs through the village, which branches off the B 96 in Zossen and meets the L 79 west of the village, which leads from Saalow to Klausdorf.
History and etymology
15th to 17th centuries
In Mellen, formerly also Möllen, a mill was first mentioned in a document in 1430 ("uf der mül czu Mollen"). It is the first certificate of the dead end village . Schlimpert derives the name from a Slavic basic form Mel'n = sand bank, shoal. The name was originally the name of the lake on which the place is located and which was carried over to the place. He does not consider the origin of the name Mühle, in Low German Molle / Mölle, to be likely. The place originally belongs to the Zossen rule , which was bought in 1490 by the Brandenburg Elector Johann Cicero . The two-speed watermill was bought by Elector Johann Georg in 1576 . Because there was a lack of customers, it was partially shut down during the Thirty Years War . In 1583 lived in the village of Lehnschulze , who farmed four hooves , four two-hoofed animals and nine kötter . The area was a total of twelve hooves. Before the Thirty Years' War there were five hoofers, nine kötter and one shepherd in Mellensee. During the war, the place did not seem to have suffered too much in direct comparison to other places: in 1652 there were four farmers with one farmhand and nine kötter with one farmhand. However, in 1637 there was a "major looting" in which the Lehnschulzengut was "completely cremated". Before 1653 the Ruden (Studen) brothers received the Lehnschulzengut and re-occupied it. Then in 1653 they passed the place on to the clerk J. Schröder from Zossen, who had ensured that there was again a Schulzen with four hooves in 1655 - as well as the nine Kötter. The electoral water mill was also mentioned, but was considered "destroyed by the war". In 1661 the owner changed again and Mellensee came into the possession of the clerk Christian Vogelsang, who in 1662 acquired a desolate farm. He passed the place on to the Alborn family in 1685 - initially resale, from 1697 hereditary.
18th century
In 1711 there were five hoofers, seven kötter, a shepherd, a servant and two pairs of housekeepers in Mellensee. They paid eight groschen levies each for the 12 Hufen area. Around 1715 ownership changed again and came to A. Kramer, who passed it on to the Koch family and his son-in-law Heidenreich as early as 1717. They held Mellensee until 1743 and sold the Lehnschulzengut to Hofrat Schönebeck. He also received two occupied farm estates, the Köttergut with beer bar justice, two Büdner houses and the "Entreprise die Milze". There were also two properties on the Zossen field mark. In 1745 a jug and the forester's house were first mentioned in Mellensee. In addition, the main lock of the Notte river is mentioned for the first time. In 1753, Hofrat Schönebeck wanted to build four colonist houses on the Miltze, which led to a dispute with the farmers who had previously used the Miltze as pasture.
In 1755 a linen weaver and a tailor lived in the village. In addition there were the Lehnschulzengut of the Schönebeck family, four Zweihufner, ten Kötter including the miller, seven Büdner, three shepherds and a night watchman. There were also four depositors and a water mill. In 1763 two and in 1764 four colonist houses were built on the Miltze, known as the colony. They were each given an acre and a half of meadow and a garden; there were also two thresher houses. In the same year the Landjäger Kienast took over the place, who handed it over to the Major von Bockelberg in 1772. From there Mellensee came to the Lehnschulzen Rust from 1788 until after 1805.
19th century
In 1801 a windmill was mentioned next to the water mill . There was a Lehnschulzen, four Ganzbauern, eight Ganzkötter, six Büdner, nine Einlieger and a Krug. The village now had 146 inhabitants including the colony; there were 28 fireplaces (= households).
On August 21, 1813, a battle broke out on the Mühlenfließ between Prussian troops, who had holed up east of it, and French troops who wanted to advance on Zossen. The attack was repulsed on the bridge. The defenders lost two officers and eleven soldiers. Four soldiers who had died near Mellensee were buried in a small cemetery on the outskirts of the former town. A memorial, an obelisk and a boulder with an inscription were erected to commemorate this battle . The monument was added to the state monuments list in 2008 and renovated in 2010 by the community and volunteers. In 1840 the village had grown to 33 houses. In 1858, twelve farm owners with 20 servants and maids lived and worked in Mellensee. There were 18 part-time farmers, 23 manual workers and two servants. There were 30 possessions in the village. The largest was 576 acres, 14 more between 30 and 300 acres (together 1784 acres), six more between five and 30 acres (together 51 acres), and nine more that came together for 19 acres. In 1860 there were a public, 31 residential and 64 farm buildings, including a water grain mill and a grain mill. The Mellen protection area was created with a forest caretaker's apartment in Saalow, which belonged to the Zossen forest district. In 1894 the forester's house Mellen was built there, which belonged to the Kummersdorfer Forst estate.
20th century
In 1900 there were already 67 houses in the village; In 1931 there were 145 houses. In 1911 the Mellensee volunteer fire brigade was founded. In 1913 a new fire station was built. The village holding cell was located in the basement at that time. In 1928 around four hectares were incorporated into the community of Mellensee from the Zossen estate. In 1932 there were next to the community the residential areas Chausseehaus, Heideteich, Mellen-Saalow station and Schleusenhaus. In 1939 there were eight agricultural and forestry operations in the village, which cultivated between 20 and 100 hectares. Another 13 farms cultivated between five and ten hectares, 42 others between 0.5 and five hectares. After the Second World War , 259 hectares were expropriated and 25 hectares redistributed. 26 farmers received a maximum of one hectare of land. Since 1953 Mellensee had an agricultural production cooperative type I. In 1954 the LPG type III had 51 members who farmed 135 hectares of usable area. In 1960 254 hectares were cultivated. In the 1950s, VEB (K) Holzchemie Mellensee was the largest company for the production of charcoal in the GDR on the site at the train station . Pine tar, pine oil and raw wood vinegar were also produced . In 1955 the company had 55 employees. In 1961 LPG Type I still had 10 members who farmed only 29 hectares. Since 1972 the agricultural area has been cultivated by the cooperative plant production department in Next Neuendorf . In 1961 there was also a production cooperative for inland fishermen with ten members in the village, which in 1974 merged with the production cooperatives from Kolberg and Bestensee to form the “Aurora” production cooperative. This initially split up into a few small individual businesses after reunification. In 1993 the Fischerei Aurora GbR was newly founded by six partners, but without the participation of the Mellenseer Fischer. At the moment there are still three fishermen in Mellensee, which in terms of tourism calls itself the “Fishermen's Village” and organizes an annual fishermen's festival.
In 1988/1989 a training and assembly room with a social wing was added to the fire station by the Nationale Aufbauwerk (NAW).
| year | Residents |
|---|---|
| 1583 | 60–80 (5 farmers, 9 farmers, 1 shepherd) |
| 1734 | 123 |
| 1772 | 164 |
| 1801 | 146 |
| 1817 | 160 |
| 1840 | 198 |
| 1858 | 264 |
| 1895 | 401 |
| 1925 | 811 |
| 1939 | 1267 |
| 1946 | 1398 |
| 1964 | 1379 |
| 1971 | 1356 |
| 2006 | 1162 |
| 2015 | 1166 |
Leisure and Tourism
The three communities Klausdorf, Sperenberg and Mellensee with their outdoor pools developed into local recreation centers in the greater Berlin area as early as the GDR era. Weekend houses and bungalow settlements were built on the boundaries of these places.
The place resumed tourism after the fall of the Wall. In summer, the place hosts the fishing festival with music, dance, history, fishing competitions and more. The highlight of the festival is the election and coronation of the fisher queen. Mellensee has a natural lido on the east bank of the Mellensee. Rowing boats can also be hired here.
Around 1600 the Notte was expanded to enable the transport of bricks from the Klausdorf brick pits and gypsum from the Sperenberg Gipsberg by water. It was canalized around 1856-1858. The canalised Notte enables a water connection for water sports enthusiasts from the Mellensee to Berlin. A section of the more than 40 km long draisine adventure railway runs from Zossen to Jüterbog parallel to the canalised Notte .
The Pestalozzi-Froebel-Haus maintains a recreational facility on the Mellensee that is used by daycare centers and school social work.
schools
The community Am Mellensee maintains a single-class primary school in Mellensee.
Monuments and sights
Architectural monuments
- see article List of architectural monuments in Am Mellensee
In addition to the station building, there are numerous listed mansions, most of which were built along the main street at the beginning of the 20th century.
Soil monuments
The list of monuments of the state of Brandenburg lists numerous ground monuments for Mellensee, including well over 10 resting and working places from the Stone Age and Stone Age settlements, several settlements from prehistory and early history, two settlements and a burial ground from the Bronze Age , a settlement and a burial ground from the Iron Age , two Settlements from the Roman Empire as well as the medieval to modern town center.
literature
- Lieselott Enders , Margot Beck: Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg. Part IV: Teltow. Hermann Böhlaus successor, Weimar 1976.
- Gerhard Schlimpert : Brandenburg name book. Part 3: The place names of the Teltow. Hermann Böhlaus successor, Weimar 1972.
- Wilhelm Spatz: The Teltow. Part 3: History of the localities in the Teltow district. Rohde, Berlin 1912.
- W. Eichwede: History from Mellensee. In: Heimatkalender des Kreis Zossen 1971. 1971, pp. 76–78.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Main statute of the municipality Am Mellensee of October 21, 2009. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 45 kB)
- ^ Gerhard Schlimpert: Brandenburg name book part 3 The place names of the Teltow. Hermann Böhlaus successor, Weimar 1972, pp. 133-134.
- ^ K. Fiedler: Mellensee and its population during and after the Thirty Years' War. In: Local calendar of the district of Zossen 1960. 1960, pp. 150–159.
- ↑ Ilse Nitsche: The battle near Mellen 1813. In: Home calendar for the district of Zossen 1981. Zossen 1981, pp. 45–48.
- ↑ The cemetery to commemorate the Battle of Mellen is being prepared. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: Märkische Allgemeine. July 13, 2010.
- ^ History of the Mellensee fire department
- ↑ The Mellensee volunteer fire brigade turns 100 ( Memento from July 1, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) In: Märkische Allgemeine. March 15, 2011.
- ^ Citizens: Charcoal from Mellensee. In: Local calendar for the district of Zossen 1957. Zossen 1957, pp. 38–40.
- ↑ Fischerei Aurora GbR - history
- ↑ Lieselott Enders, Margot Beck: Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg. Part IV: Teltow. Hermann Böhlaus successor, Weimar 1976, pp. 182-184.
- ↑ Conceptual design for the medium and long-term development of the community on the Mellensee (PDF; 182 kB)
- ↑ List of monuments of the state of Brandenburg, district of Teltow-Fläming ( Memento of the original from May 28, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 345 kB)
