Metropolitana di Roma

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Logo Metropolitane Italia.svg
Metropolitana di Roma
Roma - mappa metropolitana (schematica) .png
Basic data
Country Italy
city Rome
opening 1955
Lines 3
Route length 60 km
Stations 74
Tunnel stations 59
use
operator ATAC SpA
Gauge 1,435 mm ( standard gauge )
Power system 1.5 kV DC , overhead line

The Metropolitana di Roma ( Metro for short ) is the underground railway in the Italian capital, Rome . It consists of three standard-gauge lines, two of which cross in an x-shape in the center. The Metropolitana di Roma is operated by the ATAC company .

The local rail network of Rome includes the three underground lines, the Rome tram , three suburban railways operated by ATAC and the partly S-Bahn -like FL lines of Trenitalia .

history

A train of the Rome Metro (Type MA 300)
A train with graffiti (Type MB 100)

Line A

Line A opened in 1980. The line went into operation between Anagnina in the southeast and Ottaviano in the northwest, near the Vatican City . With the exception of a bridge over the Tiber , the route runs entirely in the tunnel. The inner city section was excavated using a shield drive , and the outer sections of the route were constructed using an open construction method.

On May 29, 1999, a 4.5 km long shield tunnel extension from Ottaviano to Valle Aurelia in the west was put into operation. An extension with three more stations to Battistini was finally opened on January 1, 2000.

Line A is now 18.4 km long, has 27 stations and carries around 500,000 passengers a day.

Line B

The first line was opened in 1955. It connects the city center with the new EUR district built for the world exhibition . The route initially led from Stazione Termini (main train station) to Laurentina in the south of the city and represents the south branch of today's line B. The section has a length of 11 km, of which 6 km of open cut tunnels were built.

On November 6th, 1976 the company was taken over by Acotral .

On December 8, 1990, line B was extended by 8 km (7 km of which were in the tunnel, partly open-cut and partly using shield tunneling) to Rebibbia in a north-east direction. Starting in 2005, a branch with four stations to Jonio was built from Bologna train station under the name B1 , which was put into operation in two stages by April 2015.

Today the route is 23.5 km long, has 26 stations and carries around 350,000 passengers a day.

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Line C

Work on Line C began in April 2006 with the section from Montecompatri / Pantano to the San Giovanni station . Some of these took place in shield driving. In July 2008, the 8.8 km long section from Giardinetti to Pantano Borghese of the narrow-gauge railway (now the Roma – Giardinetti suburban railway ) was closed and rebuilt in order to be integrated into the first section.

Line C started operating on November 9, 2014 over a length of 13 km with 15 stations from Montecompatri / Pantano to Parco di Centocelle ; it is fully automatic with the driverless metro system from AnsaldoBreda .

The following section, 5.5 km long, with six stations from Parco di Centocelle to Lodi station was opened on June 29, 2015 and extends Line C to a distance of 18.1 km with a total of 21 stations.

The continuation to the transfer station to line A San Giovanni was opened on May 12, 2018, the completion of the extension that is already under construction to Foro Imperiali / Colosseo with the option to change to line B is planned for 2021.

Another extension from the Colosseum through the old town to Ottaviano and Clodio / Mazzini is in the planning phase. A start of construction was postponed until the financing was clarified. When completed, line C will be 25.5 km long and serve 30 stations.

In October 2019 it was announced that the plans for the extension will no longer be pursued. The two tunnel boring machines would be concreted in place under the Capitol .

Construction delay

Financing difficulties and complicated planning processes contributed to the fact that the network expansion progressed very slowly for a city the size of Rome. Metro construction work in Rome has always dragged on longer than originally planned.

The countless archaeological remains in the underground of Rome are a particular problem . This problem could be alleviated by creating sections of the route at a greater depth so that archaeologically relevant layers of earth are only penetrated in the access area of ​​the stations.

Current route network

Three underground lines with 74 stations and 60 km in length are currently in operation. The trains run daily between 5:30 a.m. and 11:30 p.m. and from Saturday to Sunday until 12:30 a.m. At peak times, trains run every 3 to 4 minutes, in the early morning and late in the evening every 8 to 10 minutes. Despite the frequent frequency, the trains are overcrowded during rush hour .

line route opening length Train stations
Metropolitana di Roma A.svg Battistini ↔ Flaminio ↔ Termini ↔ San Giovanni ↔ Anagnina 1980 18.4 km 27
Metropolitana di Roma B.svg Laurentina ↔ Piramide ↔ Termini ↔ Bologna ↔ Rebibbia / ↔ Jonio 1955 23.5 km 26th
Metropolitana di Roma C.svg San Giovanni ↔ Montecompatri / Pantano 2014/2015 19.1 km 22nd

The two lines A and B cross at the main station , but have no track connection with each other. There are therefore two workshops, although both lines are compatible in terms of their technology.

Graffiti is ubiquitous on the Roman subway - both in stations and especially on vehicles. 2007, all new electronic stations have platform screen doors will get to the dodger rate to lower. Numerous stations have been converted to make them accessible for the disabled .

Line A

Extensive modernization measures are currently taking place there in the older section. The crossing station at the main train station is currently (as of December 2011) also being extensively modernized. Some time ago, a new underground shopping center was opened as part of the renovation work at the main train station. Route extensions are planned at both ends of the line.

Line B

At the end of 2005, construction began on a new branch line of line B, which branches off to the north at Bologna station and leads to Jonio station in the Montesacro district. The new branch line is called "B1". In December 2011, trial operations began on the section between Bologna and Conca d'Oro . It went into operation on June 13, 2012. The rest of the route to the Jonio terminus was put into operation in April 2015. In addition to the previous terminus, extensions are also planned on the actual line B itself.

Line C

Line C was opened on November 9, 2014 in the first section with 15 stations ( Montecompatri / Pantano to Parco di Centocelle ), extended to Lodi in June 2015 and to San Giovanni (transfer station to line A) in May 2018 . It is operated fully automatically with the AnsaldoBreda driverless metro system . In December 2022 it should lead to Fori Imperiali / Colosseo (change to line B).

The planned extension via the old town to Piazzale Clodio has been postponed until the financing of this section of the route has been clarified; as of 2015, only the extension to Venezia seems largely secured, as the final station could initially only be Ottaviano . In the currently planned final expansion to Clodio , line C should be 25.5 km long and have 30 stations.

Any additional sections are currently still in the planning and financing phase. At a later point in time, a branch line from Teano to Colli Aniene is to run in the southern section , another branch to the campus of the second University of Rome, Tor Vergata . In March 2007 it was decided to extend line C in the north from the previously planned terminus at Piazzale Clodio by a further nine stations and 9 km to Via Cassia near Grottarossa.

The results of archaeological exploratory work led to the rescheduling of train stations: the entrances to the Venezia station will be significantly modified, the important Argentina transfer station will be eliminated.

Modernizations and new route projects

Overview map of the metro and railways in Rome after the completion of line C and line B1

Line D

In June 2006, the first planning began for the construction of Line D, which is also to be operated fully automatically. It should lead from EUR in the south via Trastevere and the historical center to the northeast of the city. The cost of building Line D in 2007 was estimated at just under 3 billion euros before taxes.

The first 11 km long section is planned with 12 stations between Fermi, Trastevere and Prati Fiscali. It is then to be extended in the northeast by six stations and 5 km to Via Ugo Ojetti , and in the south by 4 km with four stations to Piazzale dell'Agricoltura in the EUR district. Transitions to the existing network are planned in EUR Magliana (line B), Venezia (C, planned), Spagna (A) and Jonio (B).

In July 2015, the preliminary contracts with a private company to finance the line were terminated; they provided for 50 percent of the costs to be financed privately and, in return, the line to be operated under concession for 20 years. The financing and a start of construction are completely open again.

Changes to the route are also possible, as crossing the center is difficult due to incalculable risks from archaeological finds, as the delays and planning changes in the construction of line C have shown. The inclusion of the railway line from Rome-Porta San Paolo to Lido di Ostia in Line D was also discussed.

On November 4, 2016, the ruling 5-star movement under Mayor Virginia Raggi decided to discontinue the plans for Line D. In the summer of 2018, the planning was resumed, but without including the suburban railway to Lido di Ostia.

Lines E, F, G

The suburban railways to Lido di Ostia , Viterbo and Giardinetti should, under certain circumstances, be fully or partially integrated into the subway network (lines E, F and G). In the summer of 2018, the city council announced a project study on line E: the suburban railway from Lido di Ostia to Porta San Paolo is to be connected to the B1 metro line to form the new line E.

vehicles

The modern sets of type MA 300 are currently on line A, built from 2005 by the Spanish company Construcciones y Auxiliar de Ferrocarriles (CAF), on line B the older MB 100 and also MA 300. Former types are: MR 100 , MR 200, MR 300, MA 100 and MA 200. Line C is operated fully automatically with the driverless metro system from AnsaldoBreda .

literature

  • Metro Roma [brochure of the Metropolitana di Roma SpA], Rome approx. 2007.
  • Vittorio Formigari and Piero Muscolino: La metropolitana a Roma. Calosci, Cortona 1983.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Metropolitana di Roma in crescita . In: "I Treni" No. 206 (July-August 1999), p. 8.
  2. ^ Metropolitana di Roma . In: "I Treni" No. 212 (February 2000), p. 8.
  3. ↑ Law No. 272 ​​of 1954 transferred the railway operations to the Società Tramvie e Ferrovie Elettriche die Roma (STEFER); see: Metro Roma .
  4. ↑ Note flash . In: "Italmodel Ferrovie" No. 202 (March 1977), p. 161.
  5. ↑ Marcello Cruciani: Linea B fino a Rebibbia . In: "I Treni Oggi" No. 112 (February 1991), pp. 12-15.
  6. ↑ Roma, l'allarme di Salè "Ammodernamento urgentissimo by metro A e B". In: La Repubblica . April 19, 2016. Retrieved May 9, 2016 .
  7. ^ Franco Battel: There is no more drilling - «Capitol terminus» for the new Roman subway line. In: bernerzeitung.ch . October 6, 2019, accessed October 7, 2019 .
  8. ^ Metro Roma, p. 3
  9. ^ Linea B1, Caratteristiche principali. Roma Metropolitane, accessed October 12, 2014 (Italian).
  10. ↑ Metro B1, apre fermata di piazza Jonio , Corriere.it of 15 April 2015 (Italian, accessed on May 23, 2015)
  11. ^ Metro C - Società di progetto. Metro C scpa, accessed January 26, 2014 (Italian).
  12. ^ Roma Line C extension brought forward. metro-report.com, accessed on August 8, 2019.
  13. ↑ Metro C, prossima fermata Lodi ecco il cronoprogramma sognando Ottaviano , RomaToday.it on 10 November 2014 called on 30 June 2015 (Italian).
  14. ↑ Rome Metro: si torna a parlare della linea D . 06blog, July 3, 2015, accessed on July 18, 2015 (Italian).
  15. ↑ Trasporti pubblici, il Campidoglio rispolvera la Linea D: "Da oggi si riparte". In: romatoday.it, July 12, 2018, accessed September 9, 2018 (Italian).
  16. ^ Roma-Lido, Zingaretti: "La trasformeremo in metropolitana". In: La Repubblica . January 16, 2016, accessed May 18, 2016 (Italian).
  17. ^ E se la ex Roma-Pantano diventasse la Metro G? (No longer available online.) In: CityRailways. December 2, 2014, archived from the original on May 18, 2016 ; Retrieved May 18, 2016 (Italian).
  18. ↑ Trasporti pubblici, Linea E da Ostia a Jonio: la trasformazione della Roma Lido in metropolitana. In: romatoday.it, July 13, 2018, accessed September 9, 2018 (Italian)

Web links

Commons : Metropolitana di Roma  - collection of images, videos and audio files