Abitur in Bavaria (G8)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Bavarian Abitur enables the eight-year high school to obtain the general university entrance qualification after successfully completing the almost two-year qualification phase and the final Abitur examination. In the 2009/2010 school year, the first pupils entered the first “eleventh grade”, which is organized according to the new framework. In the 2010/2011 school year, the first students completed their Abitur in the new system.

The general higher education entrance qualification can also be acquired by attending a college (grammar school of the second educational pathway ) or after the 13th grade of the vocational high school (FOS / BOS) - here, if sufficient knowledge of a second foreign language is available.

Approved return to the G9

After the Bavarian government cabinet voted in favor of a return to the nine-year grammar school, the Bavarian state parliament decided on December 7, 2017 (with the votes of all parliamentary groups) within an educational package that Bavaria would return to the nine-year grammar school from the 2018/2019 school year. On April 5, 2017, the CSU parliamentary group, which had an absolute majority in the Bavarian state parliament, agreed to return to the G9. The educational package that was decided provided for around 1000 new teaching positions for the grammar schools, with 1800 new teaching positions in total. The start of the transition to the nine-level grammar school was planned for the fifth and sixth grades at the same time in September 2018. In the pilot schools of the middle level plus , the pupils enrolled in the seventh grade up to September 2016 could still choose the additional grade 9+ (see below) for the G8 .

Fundamental innovations

As part of the introduction of the eight-year grammar school in Bavaria, also known as the shortened course or G8 , the upper level of the grammar school is also being reorganized. The aim is - following a nationwide trend - to restrict the specialization and (dis) options in favor of a better general education of the students - especially in the areas of mathematics, German and foreign languages. The most important innovation compared to the previous college level is the abolition of the differentiation between basic and advanced courses . In addition, the students choose two seminars that cover aspects of the previous advanced courses, such as the preparation of a technical thesis.

Intermediate plus

In a pilot test, the middle level plus was tested as an additional offer at 47 Bavarian high schools from the 2015/2016 school year . The intermediate level was extended to four years. For this purpose, individual subjects were moved from grades 8, 9 and 10 to the newly created grade 9+ . Core subjects such as German, mathematics and foreign languages ​​were each given three additional hours per week, the content of these subjects was spread over four years.

On average, at the start of the pilot, 59% of the students at the participating schools chose the middle level plus .

The pilot will end due to the return to the nine-level grammar school in Bavaria from the school year 2018/19 (beginning with grades five and six).

Curriculum and structure

The lessons, like the grammar school itself, should give all students a broad general education . Teaching that is as sustainable as possible should enable the development of a mature and responsible personality. This is the social task of the Bavarian Abitur. Basic knowledge, detailed knowledge and methodological skills are taught. In addition, the Abitur should ensure the ability to study.

A " propaedeutic seminar" is intended to give all students an introduction to science. This is important so that students can begin doing science in college and at work . In addition, certain teaching contents are deliberately not tied to a curriculum so that individual teaching can be carried out if this appears pedagogically meaningful to the individual teacher . The compulsory basic lessons take place in class, while the individual selectable subjects are taught in courses. The subjects should all be approximately at the level of the former basic course. With the obligation of at least 132 half-yearly hours - unlike in some other federal states - the Germany-wide KMK specifications are met exactly .

The upper school period is divided into half-years, also called semesters, and consists of four semesters. Two are in the 11th and two in the 12th grade, although the last half of the year is particularly short due to the examination. After completing each of the first three semesters, the student receives an informal certificate. The “overall qualification” on which the Abitur certificate grade is based consists of the grades for the semesters (“Block 1”) and the subsequent examinations (“Block 2”).

Qualification phase

The qualification phase encompasses school years 11 and 12. In these two years, most of the Abitur grade (up to 600 of 900 points) is achieved. In addition, the students are prepared for the Abitur examination in the qualification phase.

Occupancy

The subjects are divided into so-called compulsory subjects, compulsory elective subjects and profile subjects. Compulsory subjects (mathematics, German, religion / ethics, history + social studies, sport) are compulsory subjects that, with the exception of the choice of ethics lessons, do not allow any choice and must be attended by the entire upper level. Compulsory elective subjects enable an either-or choice of subjects. Profile subjects are additional subjects that the student can choose out of interest or to meet the requirement to attend. This is mostly necessary if no second foreign language is chosen and no additional language is taken. The profile subjects must also be attended for the selected time. The seminars are also counted among the profile subjects, although their choice is compulsory as with the elective subjects. The total number of hours per week from all four semesters must totaled at least 132.

Course choice

The compulsory choice of seminars and subjects takes place in the spring - depending on the school by April 15 at the latest - in the 10th grade. If the school is unable to make the selection made by the student possible, the students concerned must be informed by the upper school coordinators and a new election made possible within a “reasonable period”. Depending on the school, a change of choice is possible after the first year. In any case, in exceptional cases, in the first four weeks of the 11th and 12th school year, with the consent of the school director, a change of election can take place.

Contribution

In each semester, a “semester performance” is formed from the performance records for each subject. A half-year performance is rated with 0 to 15 points, with 0 being the worst and 15 the best possible result. Written and oral grades, with the exception of sports and subjects, are weighted with Addita in a ratio of 1: 1. At the end of the upper level, 40 half-year performances are assessed. Certain minimum requirements must be met. In order to establish the qualification for all semesters ("Block 1"), the mandatory half-year performance is first introduced. The rest can then be filled with the best free half-year services. Compulsory and elective subjects that are taken both years require at least three of the four six-month courses. Compulsory and elective subjects that are only taken for one year require at least one of the two half-year courses. Sport is an exception, as there is usually no half-yearly performance. Abitur subjects require all four half-year achievements to be made. If only one natural science is chosen, all six-month performance must be included in this. In addition, there is the so-called option rule, which is also known as the “joker rule”. It enables a mandatory half-year performance to be replaced by another half-year performance in two subjects. The Abitur subjects are excluded from the option rule; in addition, at least four half-year achievements must be made in natural sciences.

Point system

The evaluation takes place in the following point system:

Points Note in words Grade (with tendency) Raw points Note definition comment
15th very good 1+ 95% The services particularly meet the requirements.
14th 10 90%
13 1− 85%
12 Well 2+ 80% The services fully meet the requirements.
11 20 75%
10 2− 70%
9 satisfying 3+ 65% The services correspond to the requirements in general.
8th 30 60%
7th 3− 55%
6th sufficient 4+ 50% The services show deficiencies, but on the whole still meet the requirements.
5 4th0 45%
4th weak sufficient 1 4− 39% The services show deficiencies and only meet the requirements with restrictions. 1 deficit area
3 inadequate 5+ 33% The services do not meet the requirements, but show that the necessary basic knowledge is available and the deficiencies can be remedied in the foreseeable future.
2 50 27%
1 5− 20%
0 insufficient 6th0 00% The services do not meet the requirements and even the basic knowledge is so incomplete that the deficiencies cannot be remedied in the foreseeable future. not used

1 = Contrary to the official definition of the grade “poorly sufficient”, a course with this grade is not considered passed; the services do not meet the requirements.


Minimum requirements

In order to be admitted to the last semester and to the Abitur examination, certain minimum requirements apply that must be met in the qualification phase.

  • In each subject to be included, including the seminars, the seminar paper and the seminar presentation grade, more than 0 points must be achieved.
⇒ In every subject that a student takes, he must achieve at least one point in each semester . This means that he must also achieve at least one point in sports , even if he does not want to contribute the subject.
  • In both seminars including the seminar paper, at least 24 of the 90 possible points (6 half-year results) must be achieved.
⇒ Minimum average number of points in the seminars: 4
  • Most of the half-year results, exactly 32 of the 40, must have been awarded 5 points or more .
⇒ This means that 8 sub-points are possible in the services provided .
  • At least 9 points must be achieved in the two half-year results of a P seminar or in the two half-year results of the W seminar paper.
⇒ This means that in a P-seminar and by means of a seminar paper at least 4 points and once 5 points or a comparable semester achievement must be achieved.
  • In the important general subjects of German and mathematics as well as the first foreign language, at least 48 out of 180 possible points (12 half-year results) are required.
⇒ Minimum average number of points in German, mathematics and the first foreign language: 4
  • In all five Abitur examination subjects a total of 100 points of the possible 300 points (with 20 half-year results) must be achieved.
⇒ Minimum average number of points in all high school subjects: 5
  • In total, the 40 semi-annual performances to be submitted must result in at least 200 points .
⇒ Minimum average number of points in all services to be submitted: 5

subjects

subject Weekly hours Contribution
(half-yearly services)
Q11 Q12
Compulsory subjects
German 4th 4th 4th
mathematics 4th 4th 4th
Religious doctrine or ethics 2 2 3-4
History and social studies 2 + 1 2 + 1 3-4
or social studies two hours 2 2 3-4
Sports 2 2 0–3 (for Abi 4)
Elective courses
Continued foreign language 4th 4th 4th
First natural science ( biology , chemistry or physics ) 3 3 3–4 (without Nw2 4)
Second natural science or another foreign language or computer science (NTG) 3 (for language 4) not mandatory : 3 (for language 4) 1-4
Geography or economics and law 2 2 3-4
Art or music 2 2 3-4
Profile compartments
Science propaedeutic seminar (with term paper) 2 12/1: 2, 12/2: 0 4th
Project seminar for study and career orientation 2 12/1: 2, 12/2: 0 2
Addition in music, art or sport 2 2 - (Sports additive 1: 1 included in sports grade)
Further subjects from the compulsory elective area or additional offer 2 to 4 each 2 to 4 each 0–2 (11th only) / 0–3 (11th and 12th)
Occupancy and obligation to bring in 66 40

All Abitur subjects must be taken both years and all half-yearly achievements made there must be submitted. Due to some ambiguous explanations regarding the contributions when choosing continued computer science as a high school diploma, it should be emphasized that this is not regarded as a second natural science, which means that the first natural science must be covered with four (instead of three) contributions is. As a result, when choosing computer science as the Abitur subject, the number of profiles that can still be freely chosen is reduced.

Profile compartments

In the profile area, additional subjects can be selected from the school's offer, such as B. Instrumental ensemble (former basic course orchestra), vocal ensemble (former basic course choir), performing (theater), psychology, foreign language conversations or photography. For example, a student could take English Conversations in one year to better prepare for the Oral English Baccalaureate. It should be noted that “Applied Computer Science” cannot be chosen by students of the Natural Science-Technological High School. The Abitur must be completed in a continued foreign language.

Seminars

In contrast to the G9, the G8 no longer has any advanced courses. They are replaced by two seminars, each of which is attended for two hours and which end with the training section 12/1. The seminars are assigned to one or more master subjects, but can be selected completely independently of these. According to the current planning, each seminar comprises around 15 students; however, it is foreseeable that seminars will also be set up with 12 students and contain up to 20 students. The two seminars are:

Science Propaedeutic Seminar ( W seminar )
The student works on a topic from a specific subject area and prepares a seminar paper for it. This seminar paper can be compared with the specialist work in the G9. The student selects a topic from the general topic of the seminar and works on it. What is new is that the results so far are presented to the rest of the participants and discussed at regular intervals.
Until the end of the first semester, the topic of the seminar paper is chosen with the consent of the teacher. In modern foreign languages, it must also be written in the respective foreign language. The latest submission deadline is the 2nd day of class in November for grade 12. The student must present and explain the work and answer questions from the teacher. Group work is possible. However, each student also receives an individual assessment.
Project seminar ( P seminar )
In group projects, the students deal with an (interdisciplinary) topic that comes from academic or professional practice. The seminar is related to the support of the school in the choice of study and career. The P seminar can be organized by the school with external partners.
In the P seminar, at least two oral grades (e.g. project contributions) must be based on the two half-year performances.

Additum

The written music and art school exams (not the oral) as well as the oral and written sports exams oblige the pupil to take a so-called additum (additional lessons) in addition to the regular lessons, which would be: visual practice (art), sports theory (sport) (each two hours per week) and playing instruments (if necessary singing) (music). An additum cannot be chosen without the respective Abitur examination. Participation in an additum requires at least grade 3 in the interim report of the 10th grade in the respective subject; in addition, appropriate music skills in playing a recognized musical instrument, if necessary singing, must be proven. A big problem with the Additum is that even in large schools it sometimes does not take place due to the low number of participants, or when the Additum is chosen, subjects can no longer be selected from the profile area.

Abitur examination

The Abitur examination consists of five subjects, three of which are written and two oral ( colloquium ). Written and oral exams are weighted equally. Only subjects that are taken both years can be chosen. For examinations that require an additum , the choice of the (otherwise freely selectable) third written examination subject is already determined in the 10th grade. The compulsory choice of the third written Abitur subject takes place in the 12th grade by 31 January at the latest. The oral examination subjects must be chosen no later than six weeks before the start of the written Abitur examination.

Exam subjects

subject Type of examination
German written
mathematics written
Continued foreign language 1 × written
2 × oral (colloquium)
Social science subject
further subject of your choice (no social science subject)
  • Social subjects: history, history + social studies, geography, economics and law, religious studies or ethics, possibly business informatics ( business high school ), possibly social studies, possibly social science fields of work
  • Further possible high school subjects: physics, chemistry, biology, advanced computer science (NTG), other foreign languages ​​(new ones only oral), art, music or sport

Written exam

The written examination is created centrally by the Ministry of Education and Cultural Affairs. The technical committee may be able to choose between different topics if this is made possible by the Ministry of Culture. The working hours vary depending on the subject. It is the longest in art (300 minutes) and German (315 minutes).

English, French, Italian, Russian and Spanish 270 minutes (including 30 minutes of listening comprehension exercises)
Ancient languages: Latin or ancient Greek 240 minutes
Non-curriculum, but nonetheless approved foreign languages 180 minutes
Art exam 300 minutes
Music exam 30 minutes of prelude and 210 minutes of theory
History and Social Studies (joint examination) 210 minutes
Story (alone) 210 minutes
Geography, economics and law, religious studies and ethics 210 minutes
Social Studies ( WSG ) 210 minutes
mathematics 270 minutes
German 315 minutes
Biology, chemistry, physics, computer science and sport 180 minutes

For the German Abitur, the candidate chooses one of five tasks. In task 1, a poem must always be developed, in task 2 a drama excerpt and in the third task a narrative text. In addition, the present work should be compared with any other, not provided, literary text. Task 4 requires the material-based writing of an informative text and task 5 text-based argumentation. Writing a lecture, comment, discussion or the like can be requested. In addition, the factual text given should be analyzed beforehand in exercise 5.

The Abitur in mathematics is divided into two parts of the examination (A and B). Aids (pocket calculator and formulary as well as tables on stochastics) are permitted for part B. Both parts of the exam are in turn divided into the areas of analysis, stochastics and geometry, with analysis from 2020 in the A part in the ratio 4-1-1 and in the B part in the ratio 1.6-1-1 to the two other subject areas. The time distribution corresponds to 70 minutes for the A part and 200 minutes for the B part. Two task groups are provided for each area, of which the one to be worked on is selected beforehand by the examination board. The same task group must be determined in parts A and B for the respective area (example: Analysis 2, Stochastics 1 and Geometry 2 in both parts).

In modern foreign languages ​​(English, French, Italian, Russian and Spanish), an additional oral examination of 20 minutes is required in the last semester, which is carried out together with a partner or in a group, if possible. The written test then consists of a small listening comprehension part (A), three text tasks (B), writing a comment or analyzing a caricature or similar (C) and language mediation (D).

In the joint examination of history and social studies, you can choose from four exams, which contain all tasks from both areas. The art examination consists of a theoretical and a practical part. In sport, an additional practical test is taken in the last semester.

A toilet regulation is determined indirectly. Exactly one student may leave the examination room with the permission of a supervising teacher. How to proceed with non-returning students is not specified.

Oral additional examination

In addition, an additional oral examination can be held for each written Abitur subject upon written request, either by order of the examination board in order to pass the Abitur examination, or voluntarily to improve grades. It includes a lecture like the one in the colloquium, also enables a focus to be drawn, but usually only lasts 20 minutes and the preparation time is also only 20 minutes. The point weight of the additional oral exam counts as 1: 2 in relation to the written exam.

colloquium

The colloquium is an oral performance survey carried out by the teaching teacher and an assessor who also teaches the examined subject. Each student is examined individually. A few weeks before the exams, the respective course instructors will communicate the subject areas for the colloquium. The entire subject matter is divided into four semesters, which in turn are divided into at least three subject areas. The student can then exclude one of the first two semesters. No questions will be asked about these topics in the exam. From the remaining six months, the student explains a subject area to his examination focus. At the beginning of the examination, the candidate is informed in writing of a task to focus on, which he can prepare under supervision for 30 minutes. During this preparation the students receive information material in the modern foreign languages ​​in the form of printed or spoken texts. The following exam also lasts 30 minutes: First, the student gives a lecture on the given task from his focus for about 10 minutes. Then further questions are asked for about 5 minutes, mostly only on the main topic, and then, in the last 15 minutes, on topics from the two other semesters. For topics to be worked on “experimentally”, the preparation time is extended to a full 120 minutes. As a rule, the colloquium takes place immediately after the Whitsun holidays.

Rating

A maximum of 60 points can be achieved in each of the 5 exams. The result of the written Abitur exams (0 to 15 points) is scored four times, that of the two oral exams consists of four individual grades. In the written exam in a modern foreign language, the written part is weighted five times and the oral part single. If an additional oral examination is taken after the regular Abitur exams , the part already completed is weighted 2 to 1 as the additional oral part.

  • At least 100 points must be achieved in the Abitur examination. A maximum of 300 points can be achieved.
  • In no subject may less than 4 points be achieved after being scored four times.
  • In the subjects of mathematics, German and continued foreign language, at least 20 out of 60 possible points must be achieved in one subject and at least 16 out of 60 possible points in another subject.

Grading of the Abitur

The grade of the Abitur certificate is determined in the G8 as follows. If there are at least 300 points in total, it is considered passed.

Qualification phase Max. 600 points
Abitur examination Max. 300 points
Abitur certificate Max. 900 points
Points grade Points grade Points grade Points grade
900-823 1.0 660-643 2.0 480-463 3.0 300 4.0
822-805 1.1 642-625 2.1 462-445 3.1
804-787 1.2 624-607 2.2 444-427 3.2
786-769 1.3 606-589 2.3 426-409 3.3
768-751 1.4 588-571 2.4 408-391 3.4
750-733 1.5 570-553 2.5 390-373 3.5
732-715 1.6 552-535 2.6 372-355 3.6
714-697 1.7 534-517 2.7 354-337 3.7
696-679 1.8 516-499 2.8 336-319 3.8
678-661 1.9 498-481 2.9 318-301 3.9

Example calculation: In the qualification phase, a student earned a grade of 2 40 times, i.e. 11 points: that results in 440 points. He also achieved 11 points in each of the 5 Abitur exams. 11 points times four times the rating times 5 exams results in 220 points. He receives a certificate with 660 points, i.e. 2.0 .

Transition phase

With the introduction of the eight-year grammar school in 2004, a redesign of the upper level of the grammar school became necessary. To this end, the grammar school regulations (GSO) were supplemented by new regulations in 2007 . The change was taken as an opportunity to renew the upper school system and the curriculum was reorganized. For students in the last G9 year there were special special regulations so that they can pass the Abitur more easily and do not fall into the G8 system. In 2004, both the sixth grades, which had gone through a G9 year, and the new fifth grades were taught in the new system. In 2011, the first G8 and the last G9 Abitur took place at the same time. To improve organization, the exams were staggered: the G9 exam in spring and the G8 exam in summer. The universities were given additional money for study places in order to cope with the double year . However, these new study places were not enough to accept twice as many students, so that the admission and teaching conditions at the universities were temporarily tightened.

criticism

The new upper secondary school level is referred to in the media as the "Turbo Abi". The increased pressure to perform is generally criticized. Ludwig Spaenle ( CSU ) declared in February 2010 that the Ministry of Culture would examine the half-yearly reports of the 11th grade in order to discover a possible drop in performance. It should be noted, however, that no specific drop in performance will be discovered, as oral and written examinations are now weighted 1: 1. Before, the weighting of oral and written was 1: 2. This change counteracts a noticeable drop in performance. This means that the students deliver poorer results in written assignments, but can compensate for this by participating in lessons or giving presentations. In February 2010, demonstrations by thousands of schoolchildren, especially those in the 11th grade, took place in Bavaria against the strain on the new upper school level.

In 2014 , the Free Voters of Bavaria initiated a referendum that demanded future freedom of choice between the G8 and G9, although the exact structure of the longer school time should not be identical to the old G9 . After the referendum had been approved by the Bavarian Ministry of the Interior , the second phase took place from July 3 to 16, 2014, in which at least 10% of those eligible to vote in the town halls should have entered signature lists. According to the regional returning officer, 2.9% of those entitled to vote signed up, so that the referendum failed.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Resolution of the Bavarian Parliament. Bavarian State Parliament , December 7, 2017, accessed on November 10, 2019 .
  2. ↑ From 2018/2019: CSU parliamentary group decides to return to the G9. Passauer Neue Presse , April 5, 2017, accessed on April 5, 2017 .
  3. ↑ Bavaria goes back to the G9. n-tv , April 5, 2017, accessed April 5, 2017 .
  4. ↑ 47 pilot schools will test the Intermediate Plus level in the future. Bavarian Ministry of Culture , March 12, 2015, accessed on April 8, 2015 .
  5. ↑ The gift year. SZ , September 27, 2015, accessed February 25, 2016 .
  6. ^ Ludwig Spaenle: Quality and Justice - theses on education and politics in Bavaria - educational policy keynote speech. In: Hanns Seidel Foundation. January 29, 2009, accessed December 27, 2019 .
  7. ↑ GSO §72 Abs. 1 "¹For the training sections 11/1, 11/2 and 12/1 certificates for the training section are created according to the model issued by the State Ministry. ²The certificates for the training sections 11/1 and 11/2 are issued for the school half-year and on the date of the annual certificate, the certificates for the training section 12/1 on the first day of class in February. ³The certificates for the training phases are drafted by the upper school coordinators and set by the school principal. "
  8. ↑ GSO Annex 6 ( Memento of February 5, 2010 in the Internet Archive ): "total number of six-month weekly hours: 132". 132 half-yearly hours divided by four half-years result in 33 hours per week.
  9. ↑ a b GSO § 47 (Choice of the course program in grades 11 and 12 and the Abitur examination subjects) ( Memento from February 5, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
  10. ↑ "Notwithstanding Section 84, Paragraph 2, Clause 1, No. 2, letter a, the pupil can, after being prompted in accordance with Section 72, Paragraph 2, replace a mandatory half-year performance in a maximum of two subjects with a half-year performance in another subject . Pupils who are obliged to study a new foreign language that begins late in accordance with Section 50 (3) sentence 1 can delete one of the three half-year achievements that are required to be submitted in each of two subjects (exceptions: Abitur examination subjects and natural science, if only one has been selected), if this enables a choice of Abitur examination subjects that is excluded according to § 47 Paragraph 4. "- Appendix 10, footnote 1 of the GSO ( Memento of January 24, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
  11. ↑ GSO § 61 “ 1 In grades 11 and 12, performance is assessed using a point system. 2 This takes into account the grade levels with the respective tendency according to the following key: ... "
  12. ↑ GSO § 75 Abs. 2 ( Memento from February 5, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) "The pupil of the training section 12/2 is admitted if he or she fulfills the following requirements: ..."
  13. ↑ GSO § 75 Paragraph 2 ( Memento from February 5, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) No. 5 "Each half-year performance to be submitted and the project seminar for study and career orientation were rated with at least 1 point."
  14. ↑ GSO § 75 Abs. 2 ( Memento of February 5, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) No. 4 "In the seminar paper and in the seminars a total of at least 24 points were achieved."
  15. ↑ GSO § 75 Paragraph 2 ( Memento from February 5, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) No. 3 "... of which in 32 half-year performances each at least 5 points ..."
  16. ↑ GSO § 75 Paragraph 2 ( Memento from February 5, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) No. 3 "... or at least 9 points each (two half-year achievements) in the seminar paper or in the project seminar for study and career orientation."
  17. ↑ GSO § 75 Paragraph 2 ( Memento from February 5, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) No. 2 "From German, mathematics and a foreign language chosen in the Abitur examination, at least 48 points are required during the qualification phase ..."
  18. ↑ GSO § 75 Paragraph 2 ( Memento of February 5, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) No. 2 "... and a total of at least 100 points have been achieved in the five Abitur examination subjects."
  19. ↑ GSO § 75 Paragraph 2 ( Memento of February 5, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) No. 3 "In the total of points from the 40 half-year achievements to be made, at least 200 points have been achieved ..."
  20. ↑ GSO Annex 6 ( Memento from February 5, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
  21. ↑ GSO Annex 10 ( Memento from February 5, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Compulsory contribution of services to the overall qualification
  22. ↑ GSO § 84, Paragraph 2, No. 2 "It must be ensured that four half-year performances from the natural sciences (biology, physics, chemistry) are brought in."
  23. ↑ gymnasium.bayern.de: Obligation to contribute , accessed on April 7, 2011
  24. ↑ GSO Annex 5 ( Memento from February 5, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
  25. ↑ GSO Annex 5: "Applied computer science (not eligible for pupils who have taken part in computer science classes at the natural science-technological grammar school or who are studying business informatics)"
  26. ↑ Archived copy ( Memento from May 3, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
  27. ↑ GSO § 56 ( Memento of February 5, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
  28. ↑ GSO § 53 Paragraph 3 Clause 3 ( Memento from February 5, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) "In the project seminar on study and career orientation, at least two small certificates of achievement, in particular individual project contributions from the students, are required."
  29. ↑ §79 Paragraph 1 No. 1 "The subjects art and music can only be chosen as written and sport as written and oral Abitur examination subject (special subject examination) if the required additum is proven."
  30. ↑ GSO Annex 6, footnote 5 "Anyone who chooses music or art as a written Abitur examination subject must also add an additum (music: instrument or singing [scope of one hour per week]; art: visual practice [scope of two hours per week]). "
  31. ↑ GSO § 49 Paragraph 2 No. 1 "In the subject of art, music and sport, the pupil received at least satisfactory performance in the interim report of grade 10."
  32. ↑ GSO § 49 Paragraph 2 No. 2 "In the subject of music, the student has also proven appropriate skills in playing a recognized musical instrument (possibly singing)."
  33. ↑ GSO Annex 10 (mandatory contribution of achievements in the overall qualification) and § 79 (examination subjects) Paragraph 1 "The Abitur examination extends to five different subjects.", Paragraph 2 "¹The Abitur examination is in the subjects German and mathematics (Abitur examination subjects 1 and 2) carried out in writing. ²For the other Abitur examination subjects, the pupils decide which subject is to be examined in writing (Abitur examination subject 3) and which two subjects (Abitur examination subject 4 and 5) in oral form (colloquium). "
  34. ^ The upper level of the Gymnasium in Bavaria 2011, p. 28 (PDF; 3.2 MB) August 1, 2011. Accessed on January 24, 2012.
  35. ↑ GSO §79 Paragraph 1 No. 2 "Social studies as an independent examination subject can only be chosen if an economics and social science high school was attended in grade 10 and the subject was taken for two hours in accordance with Appendix 6."
  36. ↑ GSO § 79 Paragraph 1 "Subjects according to Appendix 4 and Appendix 5 No. 1."
  37. ↑ Subject planner of the Ministry of Culture, accessed January 26, 2017
  38. ↑ GSO §79 Abs. 1 Nr. 4 "Foreign languages ​​beginning late as well as business informatics and social science fields of work can only be an oral Abitur examination subject."
  39. ↑ GSO § 80, Paragraph 1, Clause 1 "The State Ministry provides the central tasks for the written examinations and for the special subject examinations."
  40. ↑ GSO §80, Paragraph 3, Clause 2 ( Memento of February 5, 2010 in the Internet Archive ): “The pupils may only leave the examination room during the examination with the permission of one of the supervising teachers; permission may only be given to one student at a time. "
  41. ↑ GSO § 81 Paragraph 3
  42. ↑ GSO § 81 para. 1
  43. ↑ GSO § 83 Paragraph 1
  44. ↑ GSO § 81, Paragraph 1, Clause 1 "Oral examinations are the colloquium and the additional examination (see Annex 9)"
  45. ↑ GSO § 81 Paragraph 1 Clause 2 "These examinations are individual examinations."
  46. ↑ GSO Section 81, Paragraph 1, Clause 5 "The pupil may prepare for the colloquium for around 30 minutes ... under supervision and make notes as a basis for the statements."
  47. ↑ GSO § 81, Paragraph 1, Clause 4 "In modern foreign languages, the students receive a text template and / or an audio text;"
  48. ↑ GSO Section 81, Paragraph 2 "The colloquium is divided into two parts of the examination, each lasting around 15 minutes: ..."
  49. ↑ GSO Section 81, Paragraph 2, No. 1 "Brief presentation by the student on the topic (approx. 10 minutes) from the selected examination focus ...;"
  50. ↑ GSO § 81 Abs. 2 Nr. 1 "as well as a conversation about the abstract"
  51. ↑ GSO § 81 Paragraph 2 No. 2 "Discussion on problems from two further training sections."
  52. ↑ § 81, Paragraph 2, Clause 7 "For subjects to be worked on experimentally, the preparation time is around 120 minutes."
  53. ↑ "Abitur dates Bavaria 2016"
  54. ↑ Agreement on the design of the upper school level and the Abitur examination: Resolution of the Conference of Ministers of Education of July 7, 1972 as amended on February 15, 2018. Conference of Ministers of Education, accessed on May 11, 2019 . P. 25, Appendix 4: Table for calculating the average Abitur grade (N) from the number of points in the overall result (E).
  55. ↑ Upper secondary school - double year 2011
  56. ↑ Bavaria readjusts the Turbo-Abi. In: Focus ( dpa ). February 8, 2010, accessed February 15, 2010 .
  57. ↑ Pupils protest against the situation at the G8. In: merkur online ( dpa ). February 12, 2010, accessed on September 25, 2010 : "" G8 is taking us night "," We will not G8et "or" We are overhauled, not the curricula "was written on the students' posters and banners."
  58. ↑ Burn-out comes with the Abitur. (No longer available online.) In: Süddeutsche Zeitung ( dpa ). February 12, 2010, archived from the original on February 15, 2010 ; accessed on February 15, 2010 : "Stressed out from the 40-hour week: Bavarian students demonstrated nationwide against the stresses and strains of the eight-year high school."
  59. ↑ volksbegehren-g9.de
  60. ↑ Popular initiative in Bavaria 2014. Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing, August 2014, accessed on October 20, 2014 .