Myszków
| Myszków | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Silesia | ||
| Powiat : | Myszków | ||
| Area : | 72.00 km² | ||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 35 ′ N , 19 ° 19 ′ E | ||
| Residents : | 31,650 (June 30, 2019) |
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| Postal code : | 42-300 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 34 | ||
| License plate : | SMY | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Częstochowa - Zawiercie | ||
| Rail route : | Częstochowa – Zawiercie | ||
| Next international airport : | Katowice Airport | ||
| Gmina | |||
| Gminatype: | County seat | ||
| Residents: | 31,650 (June 30, 2019) |
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| Community number ( GUS ): | 2409011 | ||
| Administration (as of 2011) | |||
| Mayor : | Włodzimierz Żak | ||
| Address: | ul.Kosciuszki 26 42-300 Myszków |
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| Website : | www.um.myszkow.pl | ||
Myszków is a county seat in the Silesian Voivodeship in Poland . The industrial city is located on both sides of the Warta , about 30 km south-east of Częstochowa in the north-west of the Lesser Poland region .
history
In the barren, traversed by wetlands Warthetal the border went Lesser Poland and the Kingdom of Poland and the since the 14th century Bohemia belonging Silesia . These adverse conditions prevented permanent settlement for a long time. The name of the village Myszków has only been documented since 1629, but Myszków used to be known as the iron hammer Żarki , which was first used in 1442 . However, this place was not of great importance and always remained in the shadow of the nearby towns of Mrzygłód and Ciszówka , which were first mentioned in 1412 and 1437 and developed into flourishing market towns . At that time, Myszków was particularly dependent on the neighboring town of Ciszówka. The name Myszków, which finally caught on in the 17th century, probably goes back to the name Myszek or to the noble Myszkowski family, who owned extensive land in the area. The area around Myszków shared the lot of the Kraków Voivodeship to which it belonged, and in 1795 became Prussian as part of New Silesia . In 1807 it was annexed to the newly founded Duchy of Warsaw , and from 1815 it became part of the Congress of Poland .
It was not until the 19th century that the region experienced an economic boom as a result of industrialization and its proximity to the Upper Silesian industrial area . In particular, the construction of the Warsaw-Vienna railway line via Katowice , to which Myszków was connected, connected the village with the flourishing industrial areas. After lignite was found , five coal mines that no longer exist were established in what is now the city. This was also followed by the Michałów metal factory , the Mystal steelworks and a factory that made enamel dishes . But paper manufacturing and cotton industries also settled in the city. The Jewish share of the population was 5% in the interwar period. During the German occupation of Poland, these Jews were ghettoized, forced into forced labor and finally murdered in the Auschwitz concentration camp .
It was not until 1950 that Myszków was promoted to town . Today, the city is mainly struggling with structural change , which has resulted in the loss of many jobs in various branches of industry. Nevertheless, a renewed upswing in mining is to be expected, since deposits of molybdenum , tungsten , silver and copper have recently been discovered in Myszków .
education
In the urban area of Myszków there are eight primary schools , five secondary schools and a grammar school ( Liceum Ogólnokształcące im. Mjr Henryka Sucharskiego ) and two vocational schools .
traffic
Myszków has four stops on the Warszawa – Katowice railway line .
Town twinning
Myszków has partnerships with the following cities:
- Kopřivnice (Czech Republic) since 1997
- Los Alcázares (Spain) since 1999
- Zwönitz (Germany) since 2001
- Námestovo (Slovakia) since 2002
sons and daughters of the town
- Simon Snopkowski (1925-2001), doctor
- Jadwiga Wiśniewska (* 1963), politician
- Magdalena Cielecka (* 1972), actress
- Artur Bramora (* 1972), politician
- Aleksander Miśta (* 1983), chess grandmaster
literature
- Myszków , in: Guy Miron (Ed.): The Yad Vashem encyclopedia of the ghettos during the Holocaust . Jerusalem: Yad Vashem, 2009 ISBN 978-965-308-345-5 , p. 507
Web links
- Official website of the city (Polish)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .