Schwarzwassertal nature reserve

	Schwarzwassertal nature reserve IUCN Category IV - Habitat / Species Management Area
location	Marienberg , Olbernhau , Saxony , Germany
surface	185 ha
Identifier	C 12
WDPA ID	14524
Geographical location	50 ° 38 ′ N , 13 ° 14 ′ E Coordinates: 50 ° 37 ′ 33 " N , 13 ° 14 ′ 20" E
Setup date	1967

The Schwarzwassertal is a nature reserve in the Saxon Ore Mountains . It has an area of 186 ha and was placed under nature protection in 1967.

location

The nature reserve is located in the Middle Ore Mountains and extends over the districts of Marienberg , Pobershau , Zöblitz and Jump (all to Marienberg) and Olbernhau . The central element of the elongated protected area is the upper valley of the Schwarzen Pockau , which has long been known as black water. The altitude is 540 to 735 m above sea level. NN .

The western border is formed by the green ditch , which is around 8 km long and still belongs to the nature reserve . It was built around 1680 to provide impact water for mining near Pobershau. In the north the area extends to the settlement of the hinterland . In the east it is mainly limited by aisles .

history

After the revival of silver mining with the founding of the mining town of Marienberg in 1521, the need for wood in the surrounding forests was covered, which led to extensive deforestation by the end of the 16th century. The red beech that was predominant at the time was replaced by the fast-growing spruce .

On June 29, 1938, the area was designated as a landscape protection area because of its scenic beauty . After being temporarily secured in 1964, it was finally placed under nature protection in 1967. However, extensive pollution damage from sulfur dioxide occurred in the southern part in the 1970s , which made it necessary to log.

In August 2002, the hiking trail in the Schwarzwassertal was partially destroyed by the floods . Only in 2005 could it be officially released again after repair and fortification.

In 2003 the higher protection status was established as a nature reserve .

meaning

The Schwarzwassertal is by be up to 80 m deep notch and Klammtal geomorphologically unique in Saxony. The rock formations consist of red gneiss from the dome of Reitzenhain / Hora Svaté Kateřiny ( Katharinaberg ). The water gap formed in the Erzgebirge Ankippung panel plaice during the last raising phase.

The nature reserve is part of the 720 hectare FFH area Tal der Schwarzen Pockau, which has been designated since 2011 .

flora

The flora from the beech forest (Luzulo-Fagenion) typical of montane landscapes has been almost completely displaced by pure spruce stands due to its use. Cotton grass spruce forests (Calamagrostio villosae-Piceetum) are found especially in the floodplain .

fauna

At least 70 species of birds breed regularly in the nature reserve. Especially valuable are Raufuß- and pygmy owl , black and gray-headed woodpecker , stock dove , dippers , Red-breasted Flycatcher and peregrine falcon . Protection Worthy are whinchat and backed Shrike .

To the species-rich butterfly fauna are endangered and rare species such as checkered skipper , brown eyes , Scarce Copper , erebia ligea and Weißgerippter Haarbusch tensioner . There are also numerous rare beetles , stone flies and the ant wasp .

literature

Friedemann Klenke (Red.): Nature reserves in Saxony . Ed .: Saxon State Ministry for Environment and Agriculture. Dresden 2008, ISBN 978-3-932627-17-0 , pp. 554-557 .
About Olbernhau and Seiffen (= values of our homeland . Volume 43). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1985.
Adolf Hanle: Black Pockau . In: Erzgebirge (= Meyer's nature guide ). Meyers Lexikonverlag, Mannheim a. a. 1992, p. 114-116 .

Web links

Commons : Schwarzwassertal nature reserve - collection of images, videos and audio files

Ordinance of the Chemnitz Regional Council establishing the nature reserve "Schwarzwassertal". Dated December 18, 2003. Retrieved October 31, 2017 .

Individual evidence

↑ The Schwarzwassertal can be distinguished from other valleys with this name in the Ore Mountains.
^ NSG Schwarzwassertal on the map service of the BfN
^ Ordinance of the Chemnitz Regional Council establishing the "Schwarzwassertal" nature reserve of December 18, 2003
^ ^A ^b F. Klenke: Nature reserves in Saxony. , 2008, p. 554.
↑ Ordinance of the Chemnitz Regional Directorate for the determination of the area of community importance "Tal der Schwarzen Pockau" from January 31, 2011
↑ Schwarzwassertal as part of the FFH area Tal der Schwarzen Pockau on the BfN map service
^ F. Klenke: Nature reserves in Saxony. , 2008, p. 556.

[1] The Schwarzwassertal can be distinguished from other valleys with this name in the Ore Mountains.

[NSG-2] NSG Schwarzwassertal on the map service of the BfN

[3] Ordinance of the Chemnitz Regional Council establishing the "Schwarzwassertal" nature reserve of December 18, 2003

[Klenke_554-4] A ^b F. Klenke: Nature reserves in Saxony. , 2008, p. 554.

[5] Ordinance of the Chemnitz Regional Directorate for the determination of the area of community importance "Tal der Schwarzen Pockau" from January 31, 2011

[FFH-6] Schwarzwassertal as part of the FFH area Tal der Schwarzen Pockau on the BfN map service

[Klenke_556-7] F. Klenke: Nature reserves in Saxony. , 2008, p. 556.