Kleiner Kranichsee, Butterwegmoor and Henneberger Slope

	Nature reserve Kleiner Kranichsee, Butterwegmoor and Henneberger Hang IUCN Category IV - Habitat / Species Management Area
location	Johanngeorgenstadt , Saxony , Germany
surface	103.80 ha
Identifier	C25
WDPA ID	164124
Geographical location	50 ° 25 ' N , 12 ° 41' E Coordinates: 50 ° 25 '5 " N , 12 ° 40' 43" E
Setup date	June 17, 2011, ; Kleiner Kranichsee June 7, 1939
administration	Erzgebirgskreis

The nature reserve Kleiner Kranichsee, Butterwegmoor and Henneberger Hang is located west of Johanngeorgenstadt in the west of the Erzgebirgskreis in Saxony . A large part of the area is also protected by the FFH area " Erzgebirgskamm am Kleiner Kranichsee ".

location

The area extends for about 2.5 km over the Johanngeorgenstadt and Wildenthal districts . The altitude is about 850 m above sea level. NN on the Henneberger slope up to 945 m above sea level. NN at the Kleiner Kranichsee.

In the south, the nature reserve is bounded by the border to the Czech Republic , where the 6.02 hectare nature reserve Malé jeřábí jezero joins.

history

Small crane lake

The Kleine Kranichsee is a high ridge moor and the only one in the Ore Mountains whose core is on the German side. Here it lies in a small depression on the watershed between the river system of the Zwickauer Mulde , which drains to the north, and the Eger river system, which drains to the south .

The raised bog was placed under protection on June 7, 1939 and expanded to 29.15 hectares on March 30, 1961.

Butterwegmoor

The Butterwegmoor, a rain moor , is located northwest of the Kleiner Kranichsee. It has been heavily drained through a dense system of ditches . This bog area has three bog cores. The eastern and western bog core have a maximum peat thickness of about 1.8 meters. The moor was probably deeply drained around 1850 for forestry use. In addition, a trench about six kilometers long was dug over a total of eleven hectares . In the approximately one hectare northern bog core, significant ditch silting up with peat moss has now started . In this area there are bog pine trees with a similar population of peat moss and dwarf shrubs, also bogberry and crowberry , occasionally cranberry , as well as sheathed and narrow-leaved cottongrass . There are still around 30 living mountain or bog pines . The other areas in the Butterwegmoor are covered by spruce moor forest, which merges into a cotton grass spruce forest at the edge. There is no forest use of the regeneration area.

In 2000, extensive inventories and conservation proposals were drawn up for the Butterwegmoor rain moor area. The proposals were implemented between 2002 and 2004. A number of board and round wood dams were built in the drainage ditches, except in the eastern bog core. These caused a clearly recognizable waterlogging in these sub-areas. Surveying and planning of measures were carried out according to the management plan for the fauna-flora-habitat area . In the eastern bog core, water retention measures were also implemented.

Henneberger slope

The Henneberger Hang is two kilometers southwest of Johanngeorgenstadt and has been popularly known as the shooting range since the 1950s. In 1654 Bohemian exiles founded the mountain town of Johanngeorgenstadt. The subsequent mining has significantly changed the landscape in terms of agriculture and forestry . After centuries of alternating mining activities, Uraninit was mined in the Johanngeorgenstadt area by the Soviet company Wismut after the Second World War in 1946 . Because of the militarily explosive nature of uranium extraction for the Soviet atomic bomb production, this area in the Henneberger Hang was declared a restricted area and a military training area for Soviet soldiers was set up there. When the uranium supplies were exhausted in 1957, the Wismut company withdrew from the area and the barracked People's Police and later the border troops of the National People's Army (NVA) took over the training area. After the end of the GDR in 1990, the military training area of the border troops in Johanngeorgenstadt was closed. After the military use was completed, the sealing areas were gradually removed in the Henneberger Hang and nature conservation measures were carried out according to plan.

Today there is a varied biotope mosaic there. On the very dry terrestrial location, dwarf shrub heaths , wet areas and groups of trees alternate. Rare plant species such as club moss , alpine flat bear , Issler's flat bear and common flat bear , as well as the first orchid species such as broad-leaved orchid, settled there . Fungus species such as heather ootling and black-and-blue red oatling, deceptive earth tongue, heather club, pale adermossling and funnel-shaped, conical and herb willow saplings also grow there. Also there are numerous species of insects such as Small Gold Grasshopper , short-winged bush-cricket , Colorful grasshopper , Roesel's bush-cricket , rufous grasshopper , Large gold grasshopper and Nightingale grasshoppers , and butterflies such as Colias Palaeno , heath fritillary , erebia medusa , dark green fritillary , Small Heath and Ducat butterflies and dragonfly species such as spear-azure virgin , peat and brown mosaic virgin native. You can also find the great adder , the meadow pipit and the ermine .

Protection status

Large parts of the nature reserve Kleiner Kranichsee, Butterwegmoor and Henneberger Hang are subject to statutory biotope protection in accordance with Section 26 Paragraph (1) Numbers 1 and 3 of the SächsNatSchG . The area is also in the Erzgebirge / Vogtland Nature Park in protection zones 1 and 2. The Kleiner Kanichsee nature reserve has an area of 29.15 hectares. There is currently no regulation under the Saxon Nature Conservation Act. The Hänelwiese Henneberg area natural monument north of the Henneberg restaurant has an area of 1.4 hectares and has been designated as a natural area monument since the ordinance of September 29, 1994. The area was also confirmed as an FFH area ( SCI 010 E / DE 5541-301, FFH area Erzgebirgskamm on the Kleiner Kranichsee ).

The following habitat types according to Annex I of the Habitats Directive are subject to the prohibition of deterioration in accordance with Article 6 of the directive: "Dry heaths (FFH habitat type 4030, training type 3, mountain heather), species-rich grasslands (priority FFH habitat type 6230 *), mountain hay meadows (FFH- Habitat type 6520), living raised bogs (priority FFH habitat type p 7110 *), transitional and vibrating lawn bogs (FFH habitat type 7140), mountain pine bog forest (priority FFH habitat type 91D3 *), spruce bog forest (priority FFH habitat type 91D4 *) , Montaner spruce forest (FFH habitat type 9410) ".

Protection purpose

The moorland and the regeneration areas in the Kleiner Kranichsee must be preserved and be able to develop further. In addition, the Butterweg moor and its hydrological catchment areas must be protected because of their rarity, special characteristics and outstanding beauties. For scientific and historical reasons, the moor and its surroundings must be preserved in order to document the post-glacial moor formation in the ridge area of the Ore Mountains. According to the EU Habitats Directive , in particular the habitat types living raised bogs, transitional and swinging lawn bogs, mountain pine bog forests and spruce bog forests, Montane spruce forests, dry heaths, species-rich grasslands and mountain hay meadows must be preserved. The conservation status of these habitat types must be ensured.

literature

Friedemann Klenke (Red.): Nature reserves in Saxony . Ed .: Saxon State Ministry for Environment and Agriculture. Dresden 2008, ISBN 978-3-932627-17-0 , pp. 504 f .
District of the Erzgebirgskreis: Recognition of the nature conservation area for the “Kleiner Kranichsee, Butterwegmoor and Henneberger Hang” nature reserve in the Erzgebirgskreis. Annaberg 2011. (digitized version)

Web links

Commons : Kleiner Kranichsee, Butterwegmoor and Henneberger Hang - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

↑ Communication and public relations department: 10E Erzgebirgskamm am Kleiner Kranichsee - sachsen.de. Retrieved August 28, 2020 .
↑ FFH area Erzgebirgskamm on the Kleiner Kranichsee on the BfN map service
↑ Map service of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( link to the map on a scale of 1: 10,000 )
↑ F. Klenke, 2008, p. 504.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Natural appraisal of the nature reserve "Kleiner Kranichsee, Butterwegmoor and Henneberger Hang" in the Erzgebirgskreis. (PDF) Retrieved December 5, 2017 .
↑ ^a ^b Butterwegmoor. Retrieved December 5, 2017 .
↑ ^a ^b Henneberger slope. (PDF) Retrieved December 8, 2017 .
↑ DE5541301 Erzgebirgskamm at the Kleiner Kranichsee. (FFH area) Profiles of the Natura 2000 areas. Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation . Retrieved December 9, 2017.

[1] Communication and public relations department: 10E Erzgebirgskamm am Kleiner Kranichsee - sachsen.de. Retrieved August 28, 2020 .

[2] FFH area Erzgebirgskamm on the Kleiner Kranichsee on the BfN map service

[3] Map service of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( link to the map on a scale of 1: 10,000 )

[4] F. Klenke, 2008, p. 504.

[:1-5] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Natural appraisal of the nature reserve "Kleiner Kranichsee, Butterwegmoor and Henneberger Hang" in the Erzgebirgskreis. (PDF) Retrieved December 5, 2017 .

[:0-6] Butterwegmoor. Retrieved December 5, 2017 .

[:2-7] Henneberger slope. (PDF) Retrieved December 8, 2017 .

[8] DE5541301 Erzgebirgskamm at the Kleiner Kranichsee. (FFH area) Profiles of the Natura 2000 areas. Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation . Retrieved December 9, 2017.