New Order (organization)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
American Nazi Party
American Nazi Party
Party flag of the ANP
George Lincoln Rockwell
Party leader 1959–1967:
George Lincoln Rockwell
1967–1983:
Matthias Koehl
Chair of the Senate parliamentary group none
Chairwoman in the House of Representatives none
founding March 8, 1959
resolution January 1, 1983
Headquarters Arlington , Virginia
Youth organization National Socialist Youth Movement
Alignment (Neo) National Socialism
Fascism
Segregationism
White nationalism
House of Representatives
0/435
senate
0/50
International connections World Union of the National Socialists

The New Order is a neo-Nazi religious association in the United States that adheres to esoteric Hitlerism . It was originally founded in 1959 by George Lincoln Rockwell under the name World Union of Free Enterprise National Socialists (short: WUFENS ) and for a long time operated as a political party under the name American Nazi Party (German American Nazi Party; short: ANP ) . Today it is led by Martin Kerr.

The party, under Rockwell's leadership, took part in local elections several times in the 1960s, but never gained more prominence and did not take part in national elections. After Rockwell's death, who had recently renamed the party the National Socialist White People's Party (German: National Socialist Party of the White People ; short: NSWPP ), his successor Matt Koehl transformed the party into a clandestine religious order inspired by Nazi mysticism , which led many former members to leave the organization.

The name American Nazi Party was also used by a variety of other small parties, most successfully the American Nazi Party founded by Rocky Suhayda in the 2000s .

history

Under Rockwell

The American Nazi Party was founded in March 1959 as the World Union of Free Enterprise National Socialists (WUFENS), which advocated racial segregation and against common property and commons . In December 1959 it was renamed the American Nazi Party and the headquarters moved to Arlington County . Ideologically it was largely based on the German NSDAP . In 1960 the name was changed to American Nazi Party.

Its founder and commander (the official name for his last military rank), George Lincoln Rockwell , received greater media attention . Rockwell was best known through an extensive interview in April 1966 with Playboy magazine . At the time, Rockwell's party had about 500 followers. He has also been invited to give lectures by several universities and schools in the name of freedom of speech .

In 1962 the chairmen of the ANP and the British neo-Nazi organization National Socialist Movement agreed on international cooperation. This culminated in the Cotswold Declaration, in which National Socialist organizations from all over the world founded the World Union of National Socialists .

In 1966 or 1967, Rockwell renamed the party the National Socialist White People's Party (NSWPP; German National Socialist Party of the White People), which among other things was an allusion to the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People . This decision, along with an already ongoing verbal and symbolic disarmament, was intended to benefit the organization's growth, but alienated some members.

In 1967 Rockwell was shot dead by John Patler , a former member expelled for alleged Marxist ideas, which threw the party into chaos.

Under Koehl

The previous vice-chairman of the party and a staunch Hitlerist , Matt Koehl then took over the leadership of the party. He also founded the George Lincoln Rockwell Memorial Book Store. He led Rockwell's begun reforms and focused more on positive emphasis on the white race than on attacks on other social groups.

Koehl orientated himself strongly to the ideas of Savitri Devi and saw the party more as a new religion than as a political party. He saw Adolf Hitler as a god-sent martyr who had been sent to save the White Race, which was threatened by racial mixing and falling birth rates , from extinction. These ideas led Koehl to increasingly replace the party's public demonstrations with secret meetings and in 1979 finally abolished the paramilitary "Stormtrooper" units, a decision that was very controversial within the party. The World Union of the National Socialists, whose leader was appointed by Koehl himself, criticized the development of the NSWPP strongly.

The chairman's many controversial decisions led to groups repeatedly splitting off from the NSWPP. This is how the National Socialist Party of America and the National Alliance came into being .

In November 1979 in Greensboro , North Carolina, five protesters were killed in an attack by members of the NSWPP and the Ku Klux Klan on a Communist Labor Party demonstration. Six of the NSWPP and Klan members involved in the shootings were later acquitted in court. However, in 1985 they were sentenced to $ 350,000 in damages in a civil lawsuit with the City of Greensboro .

New order

On January 1, 1983, Koehl renamed the NSWPP New Order , which made clear the focus on occultism and mysticism . Since then, the organization has been active almost exclusively in secret.

The last known meeting of the group took place in Arlington in October 1983. It had to be protected by the police due to violent counter-demonstrations. After that, the group's public activities were limited to the annual raising of the swastika flag on Hitler's birthday at their headquarters. Secret meetings of the New Orders take place on this day to this day.

After Koehl's death in October 2014, Martin Kerr took over the management of the group. According to Kerr, the New Order has since put aside its racist past and focuses solely on promoting whites without devaluing other races or ethnic groups.

Known members

New use of the name American Nazi Party

Today there is a party of the same name with headquarters in Westland , Michigan , and the party leader is Rocky J. Suhayda . The official registration of John Taylor Bowles as an ANP lobbyist in April 2012 caused a stir.

Suhayda claims continuity with George Rockwell's party, although there are no legal or financial links between the organizations.

See also

literature

Web links

Commons : American Nazi Party  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Michael Green, Scott L. Stabler: Ideas and Movements that Shaped America: From the Bill of Rights to "Occupy Wall Street" [3 volumes] . ABC-CLIO, Santa Barbara 2015, ISBN 978-1-61069-252-6 , pp. 390 (English, google.com [accessed March 1, 2020]).
  2. ↑ Longtime Neo-Nazi Matthias “Matt” Koehl Dies. In: Hatewatch. Southern Poverty Law Center, October 13, 2014, accessed March 1, 2020 .
  3. ^ Mukhtar Ibrahim: Across Wisconsin, recent rises in hate, bias incidents spark concern. In: MPRnews. Minnesota Public Radio, November 12, 2017, accessed March 1, 2020 .
  4. ↑ Jeffrey Kaplan: Encyclopedia of White Power: A Sourcebook on the Radical Racist Right . Rowman & Littlefield, 2000, ISBN 978-0-7425-0340-3 , pp. 60 (English, google.de [accessed on March 1, 2020]).
  5. ↑ a b Atomwaffen and the SIEGE parallax: how one neo-Nazi's life's work is fueling a younger generation. In: Sothern Poverty Law Center. February 22, 2019, accessed March 1, 2020 .
  6. ↑ Miki Vohryzek, Gayle Olson-Raymer, Jeffery O. Whamond: DOMESTIC TERRORISM AND INCIDENT MANAGEMENT: Issues and Tactics . Charles C Thomas Publisher, 2001, ISBN 978-0-398-08308-3 , pp. 115 (English, google.co.uk [accessed March 1, 2020]).
  7. ↑ BBC: American Nazi Party registers first Washington lobbyist
  8. ↑ Der Standard: American Nazi Party registered lobbyists in Washington