Nicholas Dumba

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Nikolaus Dumba, portrayed by Heinrich von Angeli (1900)

Nikolaus Dumba (Νικόλαος Δούμπας, * July 24, 1830 in Vienna ; † March 23, 1900 in Budapest ) was an Austrian industrialist and liberal politician of Greek - Aromanian descent from northern Greece. He was considered an important art patron and collector as well as a promoter of musical life in Vienna.

biography

Stergios Dumba, contemporary portrait
Nikolaus Dumba in his study designed by Hans Makart in the Palais Dumba
The Liezen Dumba Villa around 1880

Nikolaus Dumba’s father, Stergios Dumba (1794–1870), had emigrated from Vlasti , a village in Macedonia , to Vienna in 1817 , where he settled down as a trader. The fortune he earned in the cotton trade enabled him to build today's Palais Dumba in 1865 by the well-known Viennese architect duo Johann Romano von Rings and August Schwendenwein von Lonauberg in the Viennese neo-Renaissance style .

Nikolaus Dumba attended the academic high school . In him his humanistic and artistic talents were recognized and promoted. He spent the revolutionary period in 1847 and 1848 with his brother Michael at the Austrian envoy Count Prokesch-Osten in Athens . In 1852 he traveled to Egypt with the world traveler Alexander Ziegler .

Highly educated, he embarked on a commercial career, contrary to his education and skills. From his cousin Theodor (1818–1880) he took over the export-oriented kk priv. Cotton yarn spinning mill in Tattendorf ( Lower Austria ), which at the time employed around 180 people and which he expanded into a highly profitable company. This financial basis enabled him to continue to devote himself to the areas he preferred. Dumba was appointed by the emperor to the manor house of the Imperial Council and was also politically active in this role.

In Liezen (Upper Styria), where Nikolaus Dumba had spent the summer and autumn seasons every year since 1861 at the latest, he first built a manor complex with a (preserved) timber-framed mansion, and in 1874/75 a hunting lodge (demolished in 1960) based on plans by the Viennese architect August Krumholz followed.

In 1863 Dumba married Marie Manno, who came from a Greek banking family in Budapest, their daughter Irene (1864–1920) remained unmarried. A nephew Konstantin Dumba became a diplomat and was a pacifist throughout his life.

Nikolaus Dumba died unexpectedly in Budapest in 1900 after participating in an editorial meeting on the Austro-Hungarian monarchy in words and pictures . His honorary grave, designed by Edmund Hellmer , is located in the Vienna Central Cemetery (Group 32 A, number 25).

Schubert monument in front of Dumba's Palais
Dumba grave at the central cemetery

patron

Through his honorary membership in the Vienna Artists' Association and the Academy of Fine Arts , Dumba exerted an important influence on the promotion of art at the time. He was significantly involved in the appointment of Hans Makart , to whom he entrusted the design of his study in the Palais Dumba, while Gustav Klimt designed the music room. The numerous artists sponsored by Dumba included a. the painters Rudolf von Alt , Heinrich von Angeli , Carl Haunold and Carl Pischinger as well as the sculptors Carl Kundmann , Viktor Tilgner , Caspar von Zumbusch and Rudolf Weyr . In his capacity as a member of parliament, he suggested the erection of numerous monuments for composers.

Nikolaus Dumba also maintained contacts with Johannes Brahms , Richard Wagner , Johann Strauss and Robert Fuchs , who dedicated his Serenade No. 1 (op. 9) to him. Even a recognized song interpreter ( baritone ), his preference was Franz Schubert . He shared his passion for music with the surgeon Theodor Billroth , with whom he was friends.

As a patron of music, Dumba also held the position of vice-president of the Society of Friends of Music in Vienna . Johann Strauss (son) composed the waltz On the Beautiful Blue Danube as a choral waltz
for the Vienna Men's Choir Association , headed by Nikolaus Dumba from 1865 to 1872 . Nikolaus Dumba left the choir 50,000 guilders to protect this "excellent, artistically sensitive association" from existential worries. He linked this with the request: "From time to time a musical performance should be organized in a church in memory of me" and also decreed: "The money may never be used for a building". The tradition of the “Dumba Masses”, at which Franz Schubert's German Mass is usually performed, has been preserved to this day.

As managing director of the Wiener Musikverein , Dumba was instrumental in the construction of the Musikverein building by Theophil Hansen , as co-founder and curator of the Austrian Museum for Art and Industry for the museum building by Heinrich Ferstel .

Benefactor in Greece

During a visit to Athens with his wife Marie, he donated funds to the Athens University for their interior decoration. He donated the orphanage (now a day-care center) to the town of Serres , which is near his father's home village, and made a significant contribution to the construction of the vocational school. Various sources cite the work of the benefactor Georgios Averoff as inspiration for this very problem-oriented donation , with whom he was friends and who is said to have motivated him to get involved.

Political functions

Dumba was chairman of the Greek community of St Georg and vice- chairman of the Society of Friends of Music in Vienna . In 1870 he became a member of the Lower Austrian Landtag until 1896, where he was soon elected to the finance committee, later also to the school committee and the poor law committee and in some cases also gave up the chairman or his deputy. In 1885 he was appointed by the emperor for life as a member of the manor house , the upper house of the Austrian Imperial Council. From 1866 Dumba was the Ottoman Consul General in Vienna.

estate

By donating 200  Schubert autographers to the City of Vienna in his will, Dumba laid the foundation for one of the largest music collections in the world in what is now the Vienna Library in the City Hall (Vienna City Library). Dumba's Schubertiana collection today forms the basis of the Schubert collection , which was declared World Document Heritage in 2001 .

Honors

Other squares and streets in Austria bear Dumba's name.
  • 1900 Medal on his death, 55 mm, dedicated by the Erste Österreichische Sparkasse for its immortalized chief curator. Medalist: Anton Scharff (1845–1903).

literature

Web links

Commons : Nikolaus Dumba  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Dumba Nicholas. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 1, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1957, p. 203.
  2. ↑ Hans Petschar: About the construction of identities. Past and future in the Kronprinzenwerk . In: Elisabeth Röhrlich, Agnes Meisinger (ed.): Migration and innovation around 1900: Perspectives on Vienna at the turn of the century . Vienna, ISBN 978-3-205-20258-5 ( limited preview in Google book search).
  3. ↑ Entry on Nikolaus Dumba ( Memento of the original from May 8, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. in the Encyclopedia of the European East ( Memento of the original from November 1, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / eeo.uni-klu.ac.at @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / eeo.uni-klu.ac.at
  4. ↑ Rudolf Polzer and Wolfgang Flecker: Nikolaus Dumba, hunter and patron . In: Liezen im Zeitenwandel , episode 7, September 2002.
  5. ^ Johann Josef Böker : The two villas of Nicolaus Dumba in Liezen (Upper Styria). Insitu - Journal for Architectural History, VII (2015), pp. 235–246.
  6. ^ Elisabeth Springer: History and cultural life of the Wiener Ringstrasse (The Wiener Ringstrasse - picture of an epoch, VIII, 3). Wiesbaden, 1979, p. 539.
  7. ↑ Tobias G. Natter: The world of Klimt, Schiele and Kokoschka. Collectors and patrons. Cologne, 2003, pp. 18-26.
  8. ^ Ludwig Hevesi, The home of a Viennese art lover (Nicolaus Dumba). In: Kunst und Kunsthandwerk, monthly of the kk Austrian Museum for Art and Industry, II, 1899, pp. 341–365.
  9. ↑ Vienna Men's Singing Club (ed.): 150 years Vienna Men's Singing Club from 1843 to 1993. Festschrift, Vienna 1993
  10. ↑ http://www.serrelib.gr/doumpas.htm
  11. ^ Rudolf Agstner: The Turkish Consulates in Austria (-Hungary) . In: Austria in Istanbul: K. (below) K. Presence in the Ottoman Empire , edited by Rudolf Agstner (Research on the History of the Austrian Foreign Service, Vol. 1). LIT_Verlag, Münster 2010, p. 117. ISBN 978-3-643-50230-8 .
  12. ↑ Literature: Wurzbach-Tannenberg 1755. Loehr 355. Bachofen Collection 321.
personal data
SURNAME Dumba, Nicholas
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian entrepreneur, art patron and politician, member of the state parliament
DATE OF BIRTH July 24, 1830
PLACE OF BIRTH Vienna
DATE OF DEATH March 23, 1900
Place of death Budapest