Carl Kundmann
Carl Kundmann (born June 15, 1838 in Vienna ; † June 9, 1919 there ) was an Austrian sculptor . He is considered to be one of the main masters of the Ringstrasse epoch , where he took on numerous decorative work.
life and work
Kundmann studied at the Vienna Academy of Fine Arts and was a student of Franz Bauer and in Josef Cesar's studio . After six years Kundmann went to Ernst Julius Hähnel in Dresden , who influenced him stylistically. From 1865 to 1867 he lived during a study visit to Rome , where he also worked on the designs for the Schubert monument in Vienna's city park . The client was the Vienna Men's Choir Association , whose members decided in 1862 to erect a monument to the composer. In 1864 the decision was made that it should stand in the city park, according to the ideas of the choral society on the only raised point in the park , later known as the Zelinka Hill due to the bust of the Mayor of Vienna Andreas Zelinka that was erected there . However, the Artistic Advisory Board of the City Expansion Committee decided that a less prominent, “more intimate” location would be more appropriate. The foundation stone was laid in 1868, in the presence of Mayor Zelinka and some of Schubert's relatives. The composer's memorial, shown seated with a music book in his lap and a pencil in his right hand, was erected between trees in the lawn. Three reliefs on the base designed by Theophil Hansen represent vocal music in allegories on the right, instrumental music on the left and fantasy on the front. The inscription reads: Franz Schubert. In his memory, the Vienna Men's Choir . The work, unveiled on May 15, 1872, was such a success that Kundmann was appointed professor at the General Sculpture School of the Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna, where he taught until 1909.
Kundmann's early work also includes the four life-size portrait statues made of white Carrara marble , which he made for the general hall of the "kuk Waffenmuseum" (now the Army History Museum ), which was completed in 1856 . These are depictions of Margrave Leopold I , King Rudolf I , Charles Bonaventure de Longueval, Comte de Bucquoy and Prince Eugene of Savoy . He received the commission from Emperor Franz Joseph's mother , Archduchess Sophie .
In 1872 Kundmann took part in the competition for the monument to Archduchess Maria Theresa on the square between the Natural History Museum and the Art History Museum , which, however, was carried out by Kaspar von Zumbusch . Kundmann received orders for a number of sculptures at the two museums. He also created, among other things, the Grillparzer monument in the Volksgarten , building sculptures for the Vienna City Hall , the New Hofburg , the arcades of the University of Vienna and several funerary monuments. His studio was at Landstraßer Gürtel No. 3.
Kundmann's main works are the monumental Athene fountain in front of the parliament building and the monument to the admiral of the Austro-Hungarian navy Wilhelm von Tegetthoff on the Praterstern .
The Tegetthoff monument was originally intended to be erected in front of the Votive Church , but after discussions it finally found its place at the Praterstern, where it was unveiled on September 21, 1886. The approximately 3.5 m high figure of the founder of the maritime power of the Danube Monarchy stands on a 16 m high marble column, which is reminiscent of the triumphal columns on Paris' Place Vendôme and London's Trafalgar Square and is based on ancient models ( columna rostrata , "honor column") . From the pillar emerge three hulls that grow larger towards the bottom, each of which carries the goddess of victory Nike as a figurehead (this is why there was the shame that it was the monument to the inventor of the clothes rack). At the base there are two groups of sculptures, fighting vehicles pulled by horses through waves, which are steered on the left by a fighting goddess with the Austro-Hungarian double eagle on the shield and a dragon on the helmet and on the right by a triumphant winged goddess with a laurel wreath in her hand . Two tritons hold plaques commemorating Tegethoff's victories in the naval battle off Heligoland and in the sea battle of Lissa .
His honorary grave is in the Vienna Central Cemetery (10-1-56).
A few weeks after the artist's death, Kundmanngasse in the 3rd district of Landstrasse was named after him.
His students included u. a. the sculptors Alfonso Canciani from the Austro-Hungarian Friuli, the Viennese Franz Haag , the Lower Austrian Heinrich Fuss and the Thuringian Christian Behrens .
Works (selection)
- Attic figure No. 4 of Aristotle , Europe, America and Australia on both sides of the main entrance of the Natural History Museum Vienna
- 1867: Statue of Emperor Rudolf I , Feldherrenhalle of the Army History Museum in the Vienna Arsenal .
- 1868–1872: Schubert monument in Vienna's city park .
- 1868: Statue of Margrave Leopold I , Feldherrenhalle of the Army History Museum in the Vienna Arsenal.
- 1869: Statue of Prince Eugene of Savoy , Feldherrenhalle of the Army History Museum in the Vienna Arsenal.
- 1873: Statue of Charles Bonaventure de Longueval, Comte de Bucquoy , Feldherrenhalle of the Military History Museum in the Vienna Arsenal.
- around 1875: Attic figure on the Burgtheater : Apollon with harp.
- 1877: Competition for the Grillparzer monument in Vienna's Volksgarten : Kundmann created the figure of the poet, Rudolf Weyr the relief with the dramas. The monument wasn't unveiled until 1889.
- 1878–1880: Collaboration on Kaspar von Zumbusch 's Beethoven monument in Vienna .
- 1879: Monument to Karl Prokop Reiterberger in Marienbad .
- 1886: Tegetthoff monument at the Praterstern in Vienna.
- 1889: Portrait bust of Emperor Franz Joseph I, marble, 88 × 62 × 42 cm, Heeresgeschichtliches Museum Vienna.
- 1898–1902 Pallas-Athene-Brunnen in front of the parliament building in Vienna. This huge sculpture became the symbol of the building.
- 1907: Statuette of Emperor Franz Joseph I, green marble, 20 × 20 × 69 cm, Heeresgeschichtliches Museum Vienna.
gallery
Statue of Comte de Bucquoy in the HGM
literature
- Constantin von Wurzbach : Kundmann, Karl . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 13th part. Imperial and Royal Court and State Printing Office, Vienna 1865, p. 374 f. ( Digitized version ).
- W. Krause: Kundmann Karl. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 4, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1969, p. 349 f. (Direct links on p. 349 , p. 350 ).
- Walter Krause : Kundmann, Karl. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 13, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1982, ISBN 3-428-00194-X , p. 289 f. ( Digitized version ).
- Ilse Krumpöck: The sculptures in the Army History Museum . Vienna 2004, p. 100 f.
Web links
- Entry on Carl Kundmann in the Austria Forum (in the AEIOU Austria Lexicon )
- Carl Kundmann in the Vienna History Wiki of the City of Vienna
Individual evidence
- ↑ Ilse Krumpöck: The images in the Army History Museum . Vienna 2004, p. 100
- ↑ Ilse Krumpöck: Die Bildwerke im Heeresgeschichtliches Museum , Vienna 2004, p. 5.
personal data | |
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SURNAME | Kundmann, Carl |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Kundmann, Karl |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Austrian sculptor |
DATE OF BIRTH | June 15, 1838 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Vienna |
DATE OF DEATH | June 9, 1919 |
Place of death | Vienna |