Nicholas Gage

Nicolaus Gage also Nikolaus Gage (* around 1625 in Lorraine ; † after 1675) was a traveling caster , mainly effective as a bell caster 1649–1675 in West Mecklenburg , Holstein , Dithmarschen and Lübeck . From 1658 he is proven to be resident in Lübeck.

Life

Up until 1670, the Glocken Gages repeatedly referred to his origins as a traveling caster “from Lorraine”. From 1658 Gage is proven to be resident in Lübeck at the horse market . He was married to Anna Maria and had two sons and two daughters. Gage worked from 1649 to 1667 with the traveling caster Stephan Wollo († around 1670?), Also from Lorraine, as a partner. In 1648, when a bell was cast for St. Nicolai in Neuenkirchen, today a part of Bahrenfleth , this is named second after a C. Gage . The first proven joint casting of a bell by Stephan Wollo and Nikolaus Gage is the casting of a bell for the Schlagsdorf village church in the Ratzeburg monastery . Both of them subsequently cast 24 documented bells and a fifth together by 1667 . On all common casts, Stephan Wollo is mentioned first before Nikolaus Gage. The Roman Catholic Stephan Wollo also settled in Lübeck and lived in the Hartengrube in Lübeck's cathedral district. The foundry houses in Lübeck had been in the northwest of the city since the 14th century, so that both addresses will have been pure residences.

Gage's creative period falls into the heyday of ore casting in Lübeck, which is dominated by the Ratsgießhaus . Council founders at this time were Anton Wiese (1632–1656), his son and assistant Nikolaus Wiese (1657–1665) and Albert Benningk (1665–1696). Anton Wiese already had a considerable production of cannons in addition to bells and the guns cast in Lübeck became a Lübeck export item under Albert Benningk, which was valid in Northern and Central Europe. Benningk's magnificent baroque artillery can still be found in numerous museums in Europe today. In addition to the privileged council founders, other foundries were also active in the city, some of whom cast in their own foundries, some of which are documented in Lübeck's old town . There was frequent quarrel between these two groups of people when it came to border areas of the privileges of the council founders or clear interference by the other founders in the privileges granted by the council to the council founders. In this respect, it should first be noted that Gage settled in Lübeck in the second year of the activity of council founder Nikolaus Wiese. Nicolaus Gage, as a traveling caster, settled in Lübeck, but his larger bell castings were made, as evidenced by a number of church records in the respective local church yards and with explicit reference to his home in Lorraine. It was not until the (now lost) bell for the village church in Zarpen that he expressly signed in 1673 as a Lübeck foundryman with “Nic. Gage avs Lvbeck me fecerunt ".

A striking motif of both foundries since Wollo's participation in the bell for St. Nicolai in Neuenkirchen (1648) are the pelicans on the nest, which repeatedly appear in the friezes of their bells .

Bells

Overview of the bells cast by Nikolaus Gage

year	place	Surname	Weight in kg	Diameter in cm	Nominal	comment
1649	Schlagsdorf , village church	Big bell	1840	136, height 117		Cast by Stephan Wollo and Gage in the Schlagsdorfer Kirchhof. Both also poured the baptismal font in 1652 . The bell is adorned with a frieze, which is formed alternately from two facing hippos with a flower vase between them and two facing pelicans on the nest with young.
1650	Hamberge , village church					According to the inscription of Wollo and Gage cast in Zarpen . Lost in the tower fire in 1956?
1653	Diedrichshagen , village church					M. STEPHANEVS WOILLO VND NIKOLAVS GAGE ​​LOTRIN ; "Pretty Renaissance decorations" (angel heads, flowers, leaves, tendrils, grapes)
1653	Wewelsfleth , Trinity Church
1653	Rehna , monastery church			133		Small pictures of all kinds surround and break through the inscription (pelican nest with boys, hippocamps , vase with flowers), bronze casting together with Stephan Wollo.
1656	Groß Salitz , village church					STEFFAN WOLLO VND NICOLAVS GAGE ​​AVS LOTTERENG HAVE MOLDED ME with the coat of arms of the von Lützow family ; Lost, cast in 1879 by E. Albrecht from Wismar.
1656	Ratzeburg , Petrikirche
1658	Ratzeburg , Petrikirche
1661	Genin , St. George's Church			Height 86		Together with Stephan Wollo for the church in the Lübeck cathedral capital village of Genin , cast bronze with decorative friezes, inscription and coat of arms.
1661	Itzehoe , formerly St. Nicolai Chapel, later Itzehoe Town Hall					The Nicolaikapelle in Itzehoe was demolished in 1875. In this context, the bell reached the town hall of Itzehoe in the middle of the second half of the 19th century.
1662	Pit , village church
1666	Dömitz , Johanniskirche			114		Decorated with small reliefs at the top (naked Neptune with trident, vase with flowers, seated female figure with flowers), including an inscription that the bell was cast by Stefen Wollo and Niclaus Gage two years after the fire under Duke Christian Louis. Among them again relief pictures (pelicans on the nest, vases with flowers and hippocampus). Taken from the previous church in the neo-Gothic church building in 1869–72.
1666	Dömitz , Johanniskirche			103		Same inscription as the large bell above, but no reference to the foundry. Due to this circumstance and the same year of the casting, Friedrich Schlie indicates the possibility of attribution to Wollo and Gage.
1666	Grömitz , St. Nicolai			127
1667	Sülfeld , village church					Bronze casting together with Stephan Wollo ; with decorative friezes, inscription and two coats of arms.
1670	Lensahn , Katharinenkirche			Height 90		Bronze cast by Nikolaus Gage "from Luttoringen"; first single casting Gages (?). Two decorative friezes
1671	Heiligenstedten , St. Mary's Church					Cast alone with the inscribed signature " M. Nicolaus Gage" - he describes himself (for the first time?) As a master ...
1673	Heiligenhafen , town church					Nicolaus Gage (alone)
1673	Zarpen , village church					"Nic. Gage avs Lvbeck me fecerunt “; lost in the 20th century
1675	Dänischenhagen , village church			Height 115		Cast in bronze by Nikolaus Gage, many decorative friezes

Fifth

Bronze Fifth (1652)

The bronze baptismal font in the village church of Schlagsdorf was re-cast from bells destroyed in the Thirty Years War in 1652 based on the Gothic model by Wollo and Gage. This makes it one of the latest bronze fifths in northeast Germany. The cauldron carried by the four evangelists is adorned with half-reliefs of the Twelve Apostles between ribbon and ribbon. The grille and lid, which used to be part of it, have not been preserved.

literature

• Gottlieb Matthias Carl Masch : History of the diocese of Ratzeburg. F. Aschenfeldt, Lübeck 1835 ( books.google.com )
• Richard Haupt: The buildings and art monuments of the province of Schleswig-Holstein ( Richard Haupt on Wikisource )
  • Volume I, Kiel 1887
  • Volume II, Kiel 1888
  • Volume III, Kiel 1889
  • Duchy of Lauenburg . Ratzeburg 1890
• Annuaire de la société d'histoire et d'archéologie de la Lorraine . Volumes 3–4. Société d'histoire et d'archéologie de la Lorraine, Metz 1891
• Revue historique de la Lorraine . Volume 42.Société d'archéologie lorraine et du Musée historique lorrain, Musée historique lorrain, Nancy 1893, p. 166
• Friedrich Schlie : The art and history monuments of the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin.
  • Volume 2: The district court districts of Wismar, Grevesmühlen, Rehna, Gadebusch and Schwerin. Schwerin 1898. (Reprint: Schwerin 1992, ISBN 3-910179-06-1 )
  • Volume 3: The district court districts of Hagenow, Wittenburg, Boizenburg, Lübenheen, Dömitz, Grabow, Ludwigslust, Neustadt, Crivitz, Brüel, Warin, Neubukow, Kröpelin and Doberan . Schwerin 1896.
• Theodor Hach : Lübeck bell customer. Max Schmidt, Lübeck 1913 (publications on the history of the Free and Hanseatic City of Lübeck 2), pp. 236–239
• Georg Krüger (edit.): Art and history monuments of the Free State of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. Volume II: The Land of Ratzeburg. Neubrandenburg 1934; Reprint Stock & Stein, Schwerin 1994, ISBN 3-910179-28-2
• Voillo (Wollo), Steffen . In: Thieme-Becker : General Lexicon of Fine Artists , Volume 34. Leipzig 1940, p. 513
• Georg Troescher: Art and artist walks in Central Europe, 800–1800 , vol. French and Dutch art and artists in the art of Germany, Austria and German-speaking Switzerland . Publishing house for art and science, 1954
• Werner Neugebauer : Nice Holstein . 4th edition. Verlag Lübecker Nachrichten, Lübeck 1967
• Hartwig Beseler (ed.): Art topography Schleswig-Holstein. Neumünster 1974

Web links

Commons : Nikolaus Gage  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

References and comments

1. ↑ After Hach, Ref.
2. ↑ In 1579 , for example, the council founder Matthias Benningk complained to the Lübeck council about the Lübeck founder Hermann Paßmann , because he violated his privilege to only be allowed to cast bells over two pounds, i.e. about 250 kg.
3. ↑ Nikolaus Wiese is clearly behind his father and predecessor, but especially behind the work of his successor Albert Bennigk.
4. ↑ Neugebauer, Ref.
5. ^ Friedrich Schlie, Volume 2, p. 414
6. ↑ Schlie Volume 2, p. 441
7. ↑ Our bells church Rehna
8. ↑ Schlie, Volume 2, p. 516
9. ↑ Close Volume 3, p. 164

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