Novi Pazar
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Нови Пазар Novi Pazar |
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| Basic data | |||||
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| State : | Serbia | ||||
| Okrug : | Raška | ||||
| Coordinates : | 43 ° 9 ' N , 20 ° 32' E | ||||
| Height : | 496 m. i. J. | ||||
| Area : | 742 km² | ||||
| Residents : | 66,527 (2012) | ||||
| Agglomeration : | 100,140 (2012) | ||||
| Population density : | 90 inhabitants per km² | ||||
| Telephone code : | (+381) 020 | ||||
| Postal code : | 36300 | ||||
| License plate : | NP | ||||
| Structure and administration (as of 2016) | |||||
| Community type: | city | ||||
| Mayor : | Nihad Biševac ( SDP ) | ||||
| Postal address : | Ulica Stevana Nemanje 2 36300 Novi Pazar |
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| Website : | |||||
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Novi Pazar ( Serbian - Cyrillic Нови Пазар ) is a municipality and university town in southwest Serbia in the Raška district .
geography
The municipality and university town is located in Raszien or the historical region of Sanjak Novi Pazar , an area between Serbia and Montenegro only a few kilometers from the border with Kosovo . The city itself is surrounded by mountains and lies in a valley basin at an altitude of almost 500 meters. The small Raška river flows through the town . Novi Pazar is around 290 km from Belgrade .
population
The municipality of Novi Pazar with the city counted 100,410 inhabitants according to the 2011 census. 77.13 percent of these identified themselves as Bosniaks and 16.17 percent as Serbs . Other notable minorities were ethnic Muslims with 4.08 percent, Roma with 0.56 percent, Gorans with 0.24 percent and Albanians with 0.2 percent.
history
The name Novi Pazar is derived from Basar and means New Bazaar . During the Ottoman period the city was called Yeni Pazar (Turkish : Yeni : New). Novi Pazar is not far from the ruins of Stari Ras . The region around Ras Castle, together with Kosovo, formed the medieval Serbian state structure Raszien ( Serbian - Cyrillic Raška ), which is also indicated by the remains of numerous churches, monasteries and baths from this period.
In 1460 Isa-Beg Ishaković , an Ottoman-Bosnian administrator of Sarajevo , founded a new marketplace ( Yeni Pazar ) near the old Trgovište (Slavic for marketplace ) - which the Turks called Eski Pazar (Turkish : Eski : old ) from which the place evolved. Due to its favorable traffic situation and abundant ore deposits, Novi Pazar was a flourishing trading town with a large Ragusan colony from the 15th to the end of the 17th century . On the occasion of his visit to the city in 1660, the Ottoman traveler Evliya Çelebi counted 40–50 mahalls , 23 mosques , 11 masjid , 5 madrasas , 2 tekken and many other buildings. In the course of the Austro-Turkish wars , Austrian troops and Serb insurgents devastated the city twice, in 1689 and 1737. As a result of the warlike events, but also due to the plague epidemics , the place lost its importance in the 18th and 19th centuries. Local beys established an arbitrary rule independent of the Ottoman central administration, only a few Muslim muhajirs from Serbia and Montenegro were settled.
As a result of the provisions of the Berlin Congress occupied Austro-Hungarian troops in 1878 the western part of the Sanjak of Novi Pazar (the so-called "region around the Lim "), which, however, from the Ottoman perspective after Tanzimat -Reforms part of the Kosovo Vilayet formed. After the Bosnian annexation crisis in 1908, Austria-Hungary gave up its claim to the sanjak, and the area also de facto returned under Ottoman sovereignty. During the First Balkan War , the region was conquered by Serbia in 1912 and incorporated into the state of Yugoslavia in 1918 . After 1912, many Muslims emigrated from the region to Turkey , one of the reasons often being discrimination by the new authorities. In 1836 the place had 7,000 inhabitants, in 1913 13,433, in 1968 around 23,000 inhabitants. During the Second World War , the former Sanjak of Novi Pazar was occupied by Italian troops and attached to the fascist protectorate of Greater Albania . After the Second World War, the area was added to the territory of the Socialist Republic of Serbia .
Today Novi Pazar is the cultural and economic center of the region and of the Muslims living in Serbia , some of whom see themselves as "Muslim Serbs ", others as "Sandžaklis" and others as " Bosniaks ".
Attractions
The cityscape is characterized by numerous minarets , including those of the Arap Džamija , Altun-Alem and Bor mosques . In the vicinity of Novi Pazar there are some Serbian monasteries and churches from the Middle Ages such as the Sopoćani Monastery or the Petrova crkva (St. Peter's Church) from the 9th century. St. Peter's Church is the oldest surviving church in Serbia, around 1,200 years old. The Sopoćani Monastery and the Petrova crkva were added to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1979.
The walls of the Ottoman fortress ruins Novi Pazar were restored in the 2010s.
Personalities
- Abdulah Gegić (1924–2008), football coach
- Sinan Gudžević (* 1953), writer
- Elma Sinanović (* 1974), singer
- Mirsad Türkcan (* 1976), basketball player
- Enad Licina (born 1979), boxer
- Ifet Taljevic (* 1980), football player
- Ersin Mehmedović (* 1981), football player
- Emina Jahović (* 1982), singer
- Ediz Bahtiyaroğlu (1986–2012), Turkish-Bosnian football player
- Jasko (* 1989), rapper
- Adem Ljajić (* 1991), football player
- Alen Mašović (* 1994), football player
- Fejsal Mulić (* 1994), football player
- Zehrudin Mehmedović (* 1998), football player
- Ensar Brunčević (* 1999), football player
Individual evidence
- ↑ 2011 census: Становништво према националној припадности и полу, по општинама и градовима, 43 kSB ("Inhabitants according to national affiliation, cities and gender") , by XLSB
- A. Popovic: Yeni Bazar . In: Encyclopaedia of Islam , Vol. XI, Leiden, Brill 2002, pp. 321-322.
